• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.41-55
• /
• 2021

We examine the effects of the sustainability report (SURE) and investment decision on share price (SPRC). Explore whether the sustainability report changes the value-relevance of financial accounting variables indirectly. It is evident that the number of banks is only 12, which are all banks in Saudi Arabia, and we have included all of them in the final sample. Moreover, the same number of banks applied for the analysis concerning the accounting variables. This article utilizes a panel dataset from a sample of Saudis registered banks from the first quarter of 2014 to the last quarter of 2018. We utilize a balanced sample that contains all banks listed in Tadawul, 240 observations. Run GLM regression to tests the relationships. Findings exhibit that investors value the complementary disclosure of accounting information provided in SURE, and this disclosure produces a positive effect on SPRC. The SURE figure is robustly significant, suggesting that the market assigns a positive-significant correlation to the further information in the SURE. The indirect effects show that BPS×SURE is a positive-significant effect on SPRC, whereas EPS×SURE is positively-insignificant. The analysis shows that SURE's value relevance conforms through Saudis Banks, consistent with the hypothesis that diverse institutional perspectives probably influence the value-relevance of SURE.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.27-38
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The study mainly investigates bankruptcy risk and income smoothing tendency of Non-Banking Financial Institutions (NBFIs) in Bangladesh. External parties of NBFIs take investment decisions based on financial reports. Stable and predictable income is one of their preference. On the other hand, poor income is one of the signs of NBFIs having bankruptcy risk. Hence the study tries to find whether the NBFIs having bankruptcy are involved in income smoothing or not. Research design, data and methodology: Data were collected from the annual report of twenty-two listed NBFIs in Bangladesh. Data from 2013 to 2017 were used. Altman's Z score and Eckel's model are used to detecting bankruptcy risk and income smoothing respectively. Results: Result implies that most of the NBFIs which have bankruptcy risk are not involved in income smoothing. Therefore, NBFIs which has bankruptcy risk are involved less with income smoothing. Conclusions: The present study revealed that most of the listed NBFIs in Bangladesh are facing bankruptcy risk. They didn't use any fraudulent technique to show smooth income. The findings will help the investor to take an investment decision on NBFIs in Bangladesh. It will convey signals to the stock market in Bangladesh.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.213-228
• /
• 2022

This paper investigates the association between key corporate governance characteristics and the performance of general insurance businesses listed on the Saudi stock exchange (TADAWUL). The methodology for the study is based on a pooled data collection for 11 Saudi general insurance companies from 2011 to 20. The linear regression model and the logarithm regression model are suggested to assess the relationship between performance and corporate governance characteristics. The dependent variable is firm performance measured using ROA, ROE, and Tobin's Q. The independent variables are corporate governance variables consisting of a complete set of board and audit committee characteristics. Insurer-specific control variables are introduced. The empirical results reveal that the characteristics of corporate governance influence the performance of insurance companies. In particular, the board size, board's tenure, the proportion of independent directors in the board, audit committee size, audit committee meeting frequency, and proportion of health insurance premiums have a positive impact. However, audit committee independence, size of the company, and proportion of reinsurance premiums have a negative impact on the performance of the Saudi general insurance companies. Finally, the empirical results indicated also that there is an unclear relationship between the performance and board meeting frequency, compensations of the Board, and the average age of the Board.

• 융합경영연구
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.31-44
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This study aims to figure out the characteristics of corporate life cycle and resource input in terms of the sustainability diagnosis of pharmaceutical companies in Korea. Research design, data, and methodology: Using the Gompertz model under the assumption that companies have finite resources, this study tries quantitative interpretation of life cycle and resource input pattern for longevity companies with 25 years of experience among 158 pharmaceutical companies listed on Korean stock market based on maturity of revenue. Results: The study found revenue maturity through Gompertz model was statistically correlated with enterprise value. According to the life cycle analysis, more than 95% of 59 pharmaceutical companies were in the growth and maturity phase and have an average life cycle of 88 years and an average remaining life of 52 years. Regarding maturity profile of resource input, maturity of employees was generally high more than 60% and this meant there was jobless growth in Korean pharmaceutical industry. Conclusion: This study demonstrated there is a high statistical correlation between the maturity of a company's resource input and its revenue and enterprise value. It is believed that these results could be utilized as a basis for high fidelity function that predict revenue and enterprise value based on resource input information.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.163-174
• /
• 2023

This study aims to investigate the effect of the composition of the board and ownership structure on a firm's value in Jordanian firms. Specifically, it aims to determine the effect of board size, (CEO) duality, and family, foreign, institutional, and government ownership on a firm's value. An ordinary least square regression (OLS) was employed to examine the study hypotheses in a sample of 35 Jordanian industrial firms (175 firm-year observation) for a period of five years from 2016-2020. As measured by Tobin's Q (Q ratio) and market-to-book (MB ratio) for Jordanian industrial firms listed on Amman Stock Exchange (ASE). The result found that foreign ownership, institutional ownership, and family ownership have a significant and positive effect on firm value. By contrast, government ownership does not have a significant effect on firm value. With respect to board composition (CEO duality and board size), the study results found no evidence to support the effect of board composition on firm value. The study recommended the concerned authorities with several recommendations, most notably: taking the necessary measures to ensure the continuity and growth of family businesses because of their positive impact on the value of the company and economic growth, spreading awareness about how governance protects the interests of investors.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 2023

Purpose: This paper considers the issue of corporate tax avoidance (CTA) in the distribution of the tax burden across companies in Vietnam because the high level of CTA leads to unfairness in taxation. In particular, we aim for discussing the way to measure the extent of CTA and explore the determinants of CTA that reflect the features of high-tax risk-taking companies. Research design, data and methodology: The study investigates factors influencing the CTA behavior of legal entities listed on the Vietnam stock market between 2012 and 2018 to fill the empirical research vacuum in the country. we employ the dynamic GMM estimate method. Interestingly, CTA is considered through three approaches, including two effective-tax-rate-based methods and especially accrual earnings Results: The results highlight tax - accounting book disparities have significant effects on CTA. In addition, firm size, net asset value, debt leverage, and tax-accounting books are related to CTA. Conclusions: Tax avoidance is shown to have a positive correlation with financial distress in this case. The higher a company's capital adequacy ratio, the fewer tax avoidance opportunities it has. The paper draws some recommendations to deal with tax avoidance that improves the fairness in the distribution of the tax burden among corporations.

• 국제학술발표논문집
• /
• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
• /
• pp.459-466
• /
• 2013

Risk exists in all construction projects and resides among the collection of subcontractors and their array of individual activities. Wherever risk resides, the interrelation of participants to one another becomes paramount for the way in which risk is measured. Inherent risk becomes recognizable and quantifiable within network schedules in the form of consuming float - the flexibility to absorb delays. Allocating, owning, valuing, and expending such float in network schedules has been debated since the inception of the critical path method itself. This research investigates the foundational element of a three-part approach that examines how float can be traded as a commodity, a concept whose promise remains unfulfilled for lack of a holistic approach. The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) of financial portfolio theory, which describes the relationship between risk and expected return of individual stocks, is explored as an analogy to quantify the inherent risk of the participants in construction projects. The inherent relationship between them and their impact on overall schedule performance, defined as schedule risk -the likelihood of failing to meet schedule plans and the effect of such failure, is matched with the use of CAPM's beta component - the risk correlation measure of an individual stock to that of the entire market - to determine parallels with respect to the inner workings and risks represented by each entity or activity within a schedule. This correlation is the initial theoretical extension that is required to identify where risk resides within construction projects, allocate and commoditize it, and achieve actual tradability.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• 제30권5호
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2023

This study examines Korean users' attitudes and emotions toward Melon and Spotify, which lead the music streaming market. We used Text Mining, Semantic Network Analysis, TF-IDF, Centrality, CONCOR, and Word2Vec analysis. As a result of the study, MelOn was used in a user's daily life. Based on Melon's advantages of providing various contents, the advantage is judged to have considerable competitiveness beyond the limits of the streaming app. However, the MelOn users had negative emotions such as anger, repulsion, and pressure. On the contrary, in the case of Spotify, users were highly interested in the music content. In particular, interest in foreign music was high, and users were also interested in stock investment. In addition, positive emotions such as interest and pleasure were higher than MelOn users, which could be interpreted as providing attractive services to Korean users. While previous studies have mainly focused on technical or personal factors, this study focuses on consumer reactions (online reviews) according to corporate strategies, and this point is the differentiation from others.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.171-209
• /
• 2008

대공황은 20세기의 가장 중요한 역사적 사건 중 하나로, 현재 고등학교 사회과 교과서들은 근대 경제의 형성과 관련해서 대공황을 비중 있게 다루고 있다. 하지만 대공황에 대한 교과서의 서술들을 분석해 보면, 부실한 논리 전개나 틀린 사실의 수록, 나아가 교육적으로 부적절한 표현들을 실은 사례가 다수 발견된다. 궁극적으로는 교과서들이 제시하고 있는 대공황에 대한 목적론적 해석, 즉 자유방임주의 혹은 시장의 본원적 불안정성으로 인해 과잉생산이 초래되어 대공황이 발생하였으며, 국가개입을 통해 대공황이 해소되었다는 해석 자체가 경제사학자들의 연구 결과와 부합하지 않는다. 사회와 역사에 대한 균형 잡힌 인식의 함양이라는 사회교과의 목적을 위해서는 대공황에 대한 서술을 근본적으로 개선하는 작업이 요구된다.

• 지식경영연구
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.45-65
• /
• 2020

가치가 상승하는 와인에 투자하는 것은 바람직하지만 우리나라에서는 와인 투자 자체가 생소하다. 또한, 와인시장에서의 가격책정은 소수에 의해 이루어지기 때문에 과정 자체가 비합리적이고, 정보가 위조되는 경우가 흔하다. 그러나 올바른 해결책만 있다면 와인시장은 오래 투자할수록 높은 수익을 기대할 수 있다는 점에서 바람직한 투자처가 될 수 있다. 또한, 국내 와인수입량의 꾸준한 증가추세를 통한 국내 와인 소비시장의 확대 또한 기대된다. 본 연구는 앞서 말한 우리나라의 와인 투자 시장의 '올바른 해결책'으로 와인시장 활성화 및 투명성 제고를 위한 컨소시엄 블록체인 프레임워크를 제시한다. 블록체인 거버넌스는 바람직한 의사결정권과 책임성을 보장하기 때문에 와인시장의 단점을 보완해줄 수 있다. 블록체인에 저장된 데이터는 소비자가 모두 확인할 수 있기 때문에 위조와인의 등장 가능성을 낮추고 불합리적으로 가격이 책정되는 과정을 보완한다. 또한 자산의 디지털화로 낮은 현금유동성을 해결하며 스마트 컨트랙트를 통해 공급망 전반의 비용과 시간을 절약하게 되어 와인투자의 진입장벽이 낮아진다. 특히 컨소시엄 블록체인을 통해 블록체인의 거버넌스를 '샤또-유통업자-투자자'로 구성한다면 바람직한 와인 시장을 형성할 수 있다. 생산과정을 블록체인에 저장하여 생산비용을 확보하고 합리적인 출시가를 정하며 유통과정을 블록체인에 저장하여 물류시스템을 효율적으로 운영하고 선물거래 주문량을 예측한다. 마지막으로 투자자들은 이 모든 데이터를 열람함으로써 합리적인 의사결정을 한다. 이는 와인경매시장에 있어서 주요 이해관계자들간의 지식공유체제로서 작동할 수 있는 가능성을 제시하고 있다. 해당 연구에서는 소유권을 주식처럼 다룰 수 있다는 점에서 대체투자의 새로운 관점을 제시했다. 또한 정보의 투명성을 제고시킬 방안으로써 와인 소유 매매 프레임워크를 제시하였고 식품 수입절차의 간소화와 와인 업계 내 신뢰 형성을 가능하게 했다. 해당 프레임워크를 통해 와인 관련 정보들을 투명하게 기록함으로써 활발한 와인투자가 이루어질 수 있을 것이며 이는 지식경영 측면에서 큰 의의를 가진다. 향후 연구에서는 해당 프레임워크를 확장해 적용할 분야를 연구하고자 한다.