• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.111-132
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• 2018

중국이 경제대국으로의 성장한데 이어 한국의 제1위 교역국으로서 2015년 6월 1일 한 중 FTA 정식 서명이 이루어짐에 따라 한 중간 교역 규모 증가가 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 한 중간 FTA 체결에 따라 더욱 증가할 수 있는 수출입 물동량과 한 중간 카페리노선 활용도를 제고하고자 하였다. 따라서 현재 운항중인 카페리선사 및 컨테이너 정기선사를 이용 중인 화주 및 포워더를 대상으로 카페리선사의 발전전략이라는 목적을 전제 하에 두 개의 설문조사를 실시하였다. 먼저 한 중 카페리선사 및 정기선사를 이용하는 화주 및 포워더를 대상으로 선사 선택요인에 대한 중요도 우선순위를 도출하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 카페리 및 정기선사 경쟁력 강화방안에 대한 선행연구를 분석하여 변수의 조작적 정의를 주요인은 신속성, 경제성 그리고 안전성으로 구분하고 다시 신속성에 관한 세부요인을 한 중 해상항로를 운항하는 선박 운항시간과, 항만에서 화물을 싣고 내리는 하역시간, 그리고 관세법에 따른 절차를 이행하여 물품을 수출, 수입, 반송하는 통관시간으로 구분하였고, 경제성 요인에 관한 세부요인은 수도권항만에서 중국으로 운항하는 해상운임부분과 항만에서 선박으로부터 화물을 싣고 내리는 하역비용, 그리고 항만 하역 후에 육상운송으로 화주에게 화물을 배송하는 내륙 연계 운임 비용으로 구분하였다. 마지막으로 안정성에 관한 세부요인으로는 카페리선과 정기선사 운항시 선박의 흔들림으로 인한 화물의 파손율과 화물의 흔들림을 최소화하기 위한 라싱(Lashing) 및 쇼어링(Shoring) 등의 고박장치 시설, 그리고 운행표를 미리 작성하여 이것에 따라 선박을 운항할 때 출발시간 및 도착시간이 스케줄에 따라 정해진 시간에 이루어지는가에 대한 운항의 정시성으로 세부요인을 구분하였다. 계층분석법(AHP)을 활용한 주요인에 대한 카페리 및 정기선사 선택요인의 중요도 우선순위 분석결과, 카페리 선사 물류서비스 이용자인 화주그룹은 신속성 0.549, 안정성 0.309, 경제성 0.142로, 항목간 중요도 차이가 크게 나타났으나, 물류서비스 공급자인 포워더그룹은 신속성 0.350, 안정성 0.348, 경제성 0.302로 중요도 차이가 크게 나타나지 않았다. 반면 정기선사를 이용하고 있는 화주 및 포워더 그룹은 카페리 선사를 이용하고 있는 그룹과 달리 경제성>안정성>신속성 순으로 중요하게 생각하고 있음을 알 수 있다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.205-216
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• 2005

The ever-expanding Chinese economy has affected the Korean economy in many respects. So many companies, including most of major groups, has increased their economic collaborative businesses in China. Due to the sandwich situation of the economic competitiveness, many Korean companies has been seeking for the lower production costs in China, while other high-tech companies also for the prospective markets in China. Nonetheless all the Korean FDIs in China have been seriously connected with its global supply chain management. In order to promote this kind of collaboration across the border, the 4PL kind of tasks are needed. The study suggests these tasks in terms of 3 categories of Pre-Feasibility/ Business Planning, Cultural Localization, and Networking Economies/ Relationship Management. Most of all, the collaboration across the border may promote the final vision of the FTA in the Far-east Asian countries.

• 국제지역연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 ASEAN의 10개 회원국, 한국, 중국, 일본, 호주, 뉴질랜드, 인도 등 16개국으로 구성된 역내포괄적경제동반자협정(RCEP)가 RCEP의 회원국 경제와 전세계 경제에 어떠한 영향을 미치게 될 것인가를 다(多)지역 다(多)산업 연산일반균형(CGE)모형을 이용하여 정량적으로 분석하였다. Baseline 시나리오를 바탕으로 RCEP 회원국 구성의 특성에 입각하여 단계별 3가지 정책시나리오, 즉 한-중-일FTA(시나리오 1), ASEAN+3 FTA(시나리오 2), RCEP(시나리오 3)를 설정하였다. 3가지 정책 시나리오의 영향을 실질GDP, 후생수준의 지표로서 등가변환, 수출 수입물량, 국제수지, 교역조건 등 거시경제적 변수에 미치는 영향으로 제시하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과를 보면, RCEP를 통해 모든 RCEP 회원국의 실질GDP가 증가할 것으로 전망되며 특히 한국의 실질GDP는 모든 RCEP회원국 중 가장 많이(2.43%) 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. 이는 한국이 RCEP 추진에 보다 적극적인 역할을 수행할 만한 경제적 이점이 있음을 시사하는 것이라고 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.21-42
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• 2023

Purpose - This paper investigates the trade effect of the Korea-China Free Trade Agreement (KCFTA) which coincides with political conflicts between the two countries due to the deployment of the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense (THAAD) in Korea. The two events occurred in the same year and both are likely to affect trade between two countries but in opposite directions. Therefore, it is crucial to distinguish between the trade effects from the KCFTA event and those from the THAAD event to evaluate the true FTA effects. However, this would be difficult when using only annual data. Accordingly, ex post studies to examine the trade effects of KCFTA are lacking in trustworthiness while many ex ante studies that conjecture the positive trade effects neglect the THAAD deployment impact. This paper aims to fill that gap. Design/methodology - Given that the KCFTA and THAAD events occurred in the same year but in different months, we use the monthly data from 2000 to 2019 of Korea's exports to bracket this period. We employ the difference-in-difference (DID) method within a gravity equation specification that uses hi-dimensional fixed effects to address various endogeneity issues and seasonal effects. We identify the net impact of KCFTA ratification from these two near-simultaneous events to quantify the effects of trade liberalization between these two countries. Findings - After isolating the THAAD effects on trade, the analysis creates a positive and statistically significant coefficient estimate of the KCFTA impact. In contrast, failing to isolate the THAAD effect produced a negative and statistically significant coefficient estimate of the KCFTA impact. Our results indicate that KCFTA independently increased Korea's exports to China by 10.2%, but that this increase was fully mitigated by the THAAD event. Further, our results verify that unobserved heterogeneity and multilateral resistance are technically difficult to account for in those estimations as that rely solely upon annual data, as this type of data are inadequate to control for the potential for endogeneity. Originality/value - This paper is one of the first studies to carefully evaluate the net trade effects of the KCFTA on Korea's largest trading partner while isolating the impact of simultaneously occurred political events that may influence trade in opposing directions. Our findings indicate that the lack of prior evidence of positive trade effects of the KCFTA when using annual data may be attributed to a failure to identify the impact of each event separately. This analysis supports using the correct modeling specification to avoid misleading conclusions when evaluating any important international trade policy.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.7-16
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• 2014

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to target Chinese consumers of Korean agri-food through the analysis of agri-food brand identity images to set future directions for proposed agri-food exports to China. Since negotiations began for a free trade agreement (FTA) between Korea and China, some Koreans have worried about the Korean agriculture sector. The world trading system has undergone many changes in recent years. Since the start of FTA negotiations on agriculture, China and Korea have faced a heightened sense of crisis. China is trying to export agricultural products so actively that its agricultural exports could increase by more than 7% annually. China exported about one-tenth of its agricultural products to Korea in the period 2002-2010. Recently, the importance of brand identity has tended to increase, as the world becomes one unified market. In this situation, we should try to promote agri-food exports to China. It is very important to understand consumers' recognition of Korean food and the image of the Korean agri-food industry, to establish an export strategy. Research design, data, and methodology - This study targeted 2,800 adult men and women aged 25-59 years living in four major cities in China (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Qingdao) with a household income within the top 10% level in the China, using the one-to-one interview survey method. In addition, four groups by region (eight people per group) for a total of 32 groups were surveyed by using the focus group interview (FGI) research method, and impressions of imported agri-food were surveyed using 17 questions about fresh agri-food and 22 questions on processed agri-food. Factor analysis, brand positioning, biplot analysis, and so on, were carried out based on the results of these surveys. This research presents the brand identity of Korean food; according to the analyses, the brand identity is based on trust, safety, and attractiveness. Result - Factor analysis results showed that Chinese consumers expect four major qualities in imported fresh agri-food: freshness/safety, attractive appearance, premium branding, and excellent taste/quality. In the case of processed agri-food, it turned out that Chinese consumers are focused on safety/hygiene/freshness, health, and taste. In addition, in the fresh agri-food analysis by country, American foods had the upper hand; the image of American foods was also recognized as the most positive for processed agri-food. Meanwhile, according to the biplot analysis, Korean agri-food is strongly preferred for its appearance, but no country is strongly preferred as regards the level of freshness/safety that is expected by Chinese consumers. Conclusions - In this study, we analyzed the image of imported agri-food expected by Chinese consumers by reconstructing agri-food characteristics from the brand perspective. The research result shows that a Korean brand identity must be the ultimate goal for activities undertaken to enhance the image of Korean agri-food in the future. Additional research is needed because brand image can be formed through various channels.

• 아태비즈니스연구
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.67-77
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to analysis Korean market competitiveness of Chinese metal items. Methods of analysis were Market Share Index, Market Comparative Advantage. The data was collected through Korean Materials & Components Technology Network and period of analysis were 2009-2016. Chinese main 6 metal items which recorded high-ranked export sum and exported to Korea in 2009-2016. From this study, following results were found. i) In searching trade balance aspects through MSI, highly ranked Chinese metal items in Korea market were steel rolling, pressing&elongation products, steel tubes, steel casting industry. ii) In searching market advantage aspects through MCA, Chinese metal items have strong competitiveness in Korea market. especially, steel rolling, pressing & elongation products, steel tubes, steel casting industry had strong competitiveness in Korea Market. In conclusion, we found that most of Chines metal items have competitiveness in Korea market. Especially, steel rolling, pressing & elongation products had very strong competitiveness in Korea market.

• 무역학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.39-57
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• 2022

This study aims to analyze the factors influencing exports of agricultural products(HS01~HS24) from China to Korea by estimating the gravity model with panel data from 31 provinces in China. The results of the empirical analysis from the panel Tobit model are as follows: The effects of GDP and GDP per capita on agricultural exports are reversed, but their impacts are different on exports of each product, notably HS03, HS07 and HS20. As expected, distance decreases Chinese agricultural exports, and the impact of the relative exchange rate variable is also statistically significant, although it differs from product to product. However, differences in latitude, which considers the heterogeneity of climate and agricultural production conditions between Korea and each Chinese region, does not seem to affect agricultural exports to Korea. The road length, which affects the logistical conditions of each province in China, is not statistically significant either. On the other hand, increases in the number of Chinese visitors to Korea raises the amount of Chinese agricultural exports, including exports of HS03 and HS20. The results also shows that after the Korea-China FTA agreements, agricultural exports have actually decreased, especially exports of non-processed agricultural products, such as HS07.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1139-1146
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• 2008

Due to the construction technique (or the construction culture) growth in and out of Korea, newly-developed insulation have been continuously released. Furthermore, all legislation and regulation that World follows are gradually becoming unified. (e.g. FTA(Free Trade Agreement) with the United States was contracted, and inevitable FTA contraction with EU and China). In addition, insulation type, with the purpose are becoming unified. Accordingly, KS F 2803 legislated in 1966 about the Domestic Insulation Standard including traditionally used insulation(Rockwool, Fiberglass, Polystrene, Polyurethan, Perlite) has to be amended by considering International Standard and the alternatives. This reference is going to make description for solution of contradiction.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2007년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.136-142
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• 2007

Due to the construction technique (or the construction culture) growth in and out of Korea, newly-developed products have been continuously released. Furthermore, all legislation and regulation that the World follows are gradually becoming unified. (e.g. FTA(Free Trade Agreement) with the United States was contracted, and inevitable FTA contraction with EU and China ), For this reason, it is considered that Korean fire regulation on building interior materials needs to be reviewed and compared with that of international standard so that it becomes legitimate and reasonable one. Especially, this reference is going to make a description of building interior materials' Flame retardant performance standard.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.17-40
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• 2006

The trend towards forming economic blocs coupled with global economic arrangements such as DDA and FTA increase pressure on the liberalization of the agricultural sector. South Korea is taking part in the DDA negotiations. Once the DDA negotiations are implemented, the extent of liberation of the agricultural market is expected to be wider and timing of market opening is sooner than those effects of the UR agricultural agreement. A reduction in tariff rates and the government subsidy will follow, accordingly. However, many analysts in the agricultural sector express deep concern over a negative development in local agricultural market as demonstrated in China where the local market was dominated by imported agricultural products. This study aimed to investigate progress that China made in favor of the agricultural industry, including environment-friendly agricultural policy, and suggest ideas to drive the development of the agricultural industry in a better direction in Korea by comparing the two countries.