• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2012

In this paper, we propose a noise estimation method for noise reduction. It is based on block and pixel-based noise estimation. We assume that an input image is contaminated by the additive white Gaussian noise. Thus, we use an adaptive Gaussian filter and estimate the amount of noise. It computes the standard deviation of each block and estimation is performed on pixel-based operation. The proposed algorithm divides an input image into blocks. This method calculates the standard deviation of each block and finds the minimum standard deviation block. The block in flat region shows well noise and filtering effects. Blocks which have similar standard deviation are selected as test blocks. These pixels are filtered by adaptive Gaussian filtering. Then, the amount of noise is calculated by the standard deviation of the differences between noisy and filtered blocks. Experimental results show that our proposed estimation method has better results than those by existing estimation methods.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2011

Korea has introduced the levy-grand system in the vocational learning finance. The standard unit price system of training cost was utilized in the distribution of training budget and the reimbursement system including total or partial training cost return has been operated in the corporate training after completing the learning course particularly. The standard unit price was calculated in the base of analyzing on supporting budget by the government per training institutions and corporate payment decision to learning institutions. The proposing standard unit price system of training cost was analyzed in the current standard price unit of training cost and then an improvement policy and the implication are derived from it. At the result of this study, the current government supporting level to e-learning and postal distance learning indicates good status.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

This study aims to analyze the field survey of thermal comfort in office building with national thermal environment standard. Internal and external temperatures were measured at ten minute intervals and compared in accordance with the national standard for thermal environment. Sixty two workers filled in the questionnaire survey forms five times a day for 40 days. Field monitoring of offices in Seoul, Korea were conducted from 20 July to 28 August. Result for the comfort temperature was set a $26.30^{\circ}C$. This indicates that the 26 degree is reliable for the Korean standard. Indoor temperature standard can reduce energy use by air-conditioned buildings and the temperature would be offer comfort to occupants.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• 제6권8호
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• pp.81-91
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• 1983

In this study the methods of the overhead standard setting and the overhead variance analysis, which raise problems especially in business practice in case that small businesses introduce the standard cost accounting system, were examined by hypothetical examples. As the result of this study small businesses are advised to take the following in setting the overhead cost. (1) To divide the mixed cost into variable overhead and fixed overhead, it is desirable to take Beast square method. (2) In setting the overhead standard, it is desirable to fake the flexible budget system and to make a budget by the inspection method, after dividing the overhead into variable overhead and fixed overhead. (3) After dividing the overhead variance into variable overhead variance and fixed overhead variance, it is desirable to analyze them as follows. (A) Variable overhead variance is analyzed into spending variance and efficiency variance. (B) Fixed overhead valiance is analyzed into budget variance and denominator variance.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.39-47
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• 2007

An industrial injury prevention has a basis on fundamental spirit of human respect rather than only injury prevention in company. The employer should recognize employee as a core part of an industrial management and use as a starting point of safety and health management rather than means of production. There are many reason for unsafety action without safety operation. The reason is no standard safety operation in company or the workers never get a enough education. Standard safety operation is prepared by paper for accurate directions and orders and operators must read the paper to prevent an error of action. Also an essential particular is safety of equipment and machine must be assumed to establish standard safety operation then safety of operations will be possible.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권12호
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• pp.1341-1344
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• 2001

Comparison of sulfur dioxide primary standard gases of the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS, Korea) and the National Physical Laboratory (NPL, UK) was performed. 100 ${\times}$10-6 mol/mol and 1,000 ${\times}$10-6 mol /mol primary standard gases (designated NPL S115 and S114, respectively) prepared gravimetrically and validated in NPL were used as transfer standards. Transfer standards were analyzed by NDIR sulfur dioxide analyzer and compared with KRISS PSM 112-03-624 and PSM 112-03-625 prepared gravimetrically. Adsorption corrected relative deviations of the primary standard gases were agreed to within 0.1%, and this agreement is within the expanded uncertainties (k = 2) of the primary standards at the two laboratories.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.770-779
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• 2019

Video coding technologies are progressively becoming more efficient and complex. The Versatile Video Coding (VVC) is a new state-of-the art video compression standard that is going to be a standard, as the next generation of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) standard. To explore the future video coding technologies beyond the HEVC, numerous efficient methods have been adopted by the Joint Video Exploration Team (JVET). Since then, the next generation video coding standard named as VVC and its software model called VVC Test Model (VTM) have emerged. In this paper, several important coding features for motion estimation and motion compensation in the VVC standard is introduced and analyzed in terms of the performance. Improved coding tools introduced for ME and MC in VVC, can achieve much better and good balance between coding efficiency and coding complexity compared with the HEVC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• 제31권6_2호
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• pp.601-609
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• 2013

Standard lots, which are used to assess values of individual lots in Korea, have been criticized for their improper distribution. However, there has been very little evaluation for the spatial distribution of standard lots, and an evaluation method has never been developed. In order to overcome this situation, we attempt to assess the appropriateness of the spatial distribution of standard lots using the L-index and Monte Carlo simulation. The L-index is a well-known indicator of the complete spatial randomness (CSR) of points in spatial statistics. If the L-index of standard lots is similar to that of individual lots, the former is considered to be randomly distributed according to the latter. By analyzing L-indices of two study areas, Gangnam and Seongdong, we find a statistically significant difference in Gangnam area and a relatively small difference in Seongdong area. We confirm that the spatial distribution of standard lots is not CSR and that the L-index is useful as an evaluation method. These results suggest that the standard lot selection and management guidelines need to be modified to apply the spatial distribution of individual lots to the standard lot selection process.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 제1권3호
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• pp.81-88
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• 2000

Recently the Government has classified the construction specifications into three types such as national standard specifications, owner's standard specifications and project specifications, by the revision of the Law of Construction Technology Management. And the Government provided that project owner shall use the project specifications that are written by excerption from, revision of, and supplement to the national standard specifications or the owner's standard specitications etc.. The present study suggests the writing way of national standard specifications, owner's standard specifications and project specifications in these situations.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.139-149
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• 2020

There are now many different commercial weather sensors suitable for smart farms, and various smart farm devices are being developed and distributed by companies participating in the government-led smart farm expansion project. However, most do not comply with standard specifications and are therefore limited to use in smart farms. This paper proposed the connecting structure of operating non-standard node devices in smart farms following standard specifications supporting smart greenhouse. This connecting structure was proposed as both a virtual node module method and a virtual node wrapper method. In addition, the SoftFarm2.0 system was experimentally operated to analyze the performance of the implementation of the two methods. SoftFarm2.0 system complies with the standard specifications and supports non-standard smart farm devices. According to the analysis results, both methods do not significantly affect performance in the operation of the smart farm. Therefore, it would be good to select and implement the method suitable for each non-standard smart farm device considering environmental constraints such as power, space, distance of communication between the gateway and the node of the smart farm, and software openness. This will greatly contribute to the spread of smart farms by maximizing deployment cost savings.