• 대한간호학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.430-458
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• 1990

Care is a central concept of nursing. Nursing would not exist without caring. Care and quality of life are closely related. Human behavior is a manifestation of culture. We can say that caring and nursing care are expression of culture. The nurse must understand the relationship of culture with care for ensure quality nursing care. But knowledge of cultural factors in nursing is not well developed. Time and in - depth study are needed to find meaningful relationships between culture and care. Nurses recognized the importance of culturally appropriate nursing There are two care systems in culturally based nursing. The folk care system and the professional nursing care system. The folk care system existed long before the professional nursing care system was introduced into this culture. If the discrepancy between these two care systems is great, the client may receive inappropriate nursing care. Culture and subcaltures are diverse and dynamic in nature. Nurses need to know the caring behaviors, patterns, and their meaning in their own culture. In Korea we have taken some first step to study cultural nursing phenomena. It is not our intent necessarily to return to the past and develop a nationalistic of nursing, but to identify the core of traditional caring and relate that to professional nursing care. Our Assumptions are as follows : 1) Care is essential for human growth, well being and survial. 2) 7here are diverse and universal forma, expressions, patterns, and processes of human care that exist transcul - turally. 3) The behaviors and functions of caring differ according to the social structure of each culture. 4) Cultures have folk and professional care values, beliefs, and practices. To promote the quality of nursing care we must understand the folk care value, beliefs, and practices. We undertook this study to understand caring in our traditional culture. The Goals of this study were as follows : 1) To identify patterns in caring behavior, 2) To identify the structural components of caring, and 3) To understand the meaning and some principles of caring. We faised several questions in this study. Who is the care-giver? Who is the care-receipient? Was the woman the major care -giver at any time? What are the patterns in caring behavior? What art the priciples underlying the caring process? We used an interdisciplinary team approach, composed of representatives from nursing and anthropology, to contribute in -depth understanding of caring through a socicaltural perspeetive. A Field study was conducted in Ro-Bong, a small agricultural kinship village. The subjects were nine women and one man aged be or more years of age. Data were collected from january 15 to 21, 1990 through opem-ended in-depth interviews and observations. The interview focused on caring behaviors sorrounding birth, aging, death and child rearing. We analysed these data for meaning, pattern and priciples of caring. In this report we describe caring behaviors surrounding childbirth. The care-givers were primarily mothers- in -low, other women in the family older than the mother - to- be, older neighbor woman, husbands, and mothers of the mother-to- be. The care receivers were the mother-to-be the baby, and the immediate family as a component of kinship. Emerging caring behavior included praying, helping proscribing, giving moral advice(Deug - Dam), showing concern, instructing, protecting, making preparations, showing consideration, touching, trusting, encouraging, giving emotional comfort, being with, worrying about, being patient, preventing problems, showing by an example, looking after bringing up, taking care of postnatal health, streng thening the health condition, entering into another's feelings(empathizing), and sharing food, joy and sorrow The emerging caring component were affection, touching, nurtuing, teaching, praying, comforting, encouraging, sharing. empathizing, self - discipline, protecting, preparing, helping and compassion. Emerging principles of. caring were solidarity, heir- archzeal relationships, sex - role distinction. Caring during birth expresses the valve of life and reflects the valued traditional beliefs that human birth is given by god and a unique unifying family event reaching back to include the ancestors and foreward to later generations. In addition, We found positive and rational foundations for traditionl caring behaviors surrounding birth, these should not be stigmatized as inational or superstitious. The nurse appropriately adopts the rational and positive nature of traditional caring behaviors to promote the quality of nursing care.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권9호
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• pp.313-340
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• 2011

The National Defense Reformation bill of "National Defense Reformation 2020" which have been constantly disputed and reformed by the government went through various levels of complementary measures after the North Korean sinking on the Republic of Korea (ROK) Naval Vessel "Cheonan". The final outcome of this reform is also known as the 307 Plan and this was announced on the 8th March. The reformed National Defense Reformation is to reduce the number of units and military personnel under the military structure reformation. However, in order for us to undertake successful National Defense Reformation, the use of privatized civilian resources are essential. Therefore according to this theory, the ROK Ministry of National Defense (MND) have selected the usage of privatized resources as one of the main core agenda for the National Defense Reformation management procedures, and under this agenda the MND plans to further expand the usage of private Especially the MND plans to minimize the personnel resources applied in non-combat areas and in turn use these supplemented personnel with optimization. In order to do this, the MND have initiated necessary appropriate analysis over the whole national defense section by understanding various projects and acquisition requests required by each militaries and civilian research institutions. However for efficient management of privatized civilian resources, first of all, those possible efficient private resources which can achieve optimization will need to be identified, and secondly continuous systematic reinforcements will need to be made in private resource usage legislations. Furthermore, we would need to consider the possibility of labor disputes because of privatization expansion. Therefore, full legal and systematic complementary measures are required in all possible issue arising areas which can affect the combat readiness posture. There is another problem of huge increase in operational expenses as reduction of standby forces are only reducing the number of soldiers and filling these numbers with more cost expensive commissioned officers. However, to overcome this problem, we would need to reduce the number of positions available for active officers and fill these positions with military reserve personnel who previously had working experiences with the related positions (thereby guaranteeing active officers re-employment after completing active service). This would in tum maintain the standards of combat readiness posture and reduce necessary financial budgets which may newly arise. The area of maintenance, supply, transportation, training & education duties which are highly efficient when using privatized resources, will need to be transformed from military management based to civilian management based system. For maintenance, this can be processed by integrating National Maintenance Support System. In order for us to undertake this procedure, we would need to develop maintenance units which are possible to be privatized and this will in turn reduce the military personnel executing job duties, improve service quality and prevent duplicate investments etc. For supply area, we will need to establish Integrated Military Logistics Center in-connection with national and civilian logistics system. This will in turn reduce the logistics time frame as well as required personnel and equipments. In terms of transportation, we will need to further expand the renting and leasing system. This will need to be executed by integrating the National Defense Transportation Information System which will in turn reduce the required personnel and financial budgets. Finally for training and education, retired military personnel can be employed as training instructors and at the military academy, further expansion in the number of civilian professors can be employed in-connection with National Defense Reformation. In other words, more active privatized civilian resources will need to be managed and used for National Defense Reformation.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.267-275
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• 2011

구치부 부분 결손 환자에서 즉시하중군과 지연하중군의 임상적 성공률을 측정하기 위한 전향적 연구가 계획되었다. 즉시하중군에서는 17명의 환자에 42개의 GSIII 임플란트(Osstem, Korea)를 식립하고 48시간 안에 하중을 가하였다. 대조군인 지연하중군에서는 15명의 환자에 27개의 GSIII 임플란트를 식립하고 평균 $2.6{\pm}1.7$개월 후에 하중을 가하였다. 하중 전 1차안정성을 ISQ로 측정하였고 임상증상, 동요도, 연조직 반응을 식립 직후, 3개월 후, 6개월 후, 12개월 후에 평가하였다. 변연골 흡수량은 치근단 방사선 영상으로 측정하였고 Mann-Whitney test (${\alpha}$=0.05)와 repeated measured ANOVA (${\alpha}$=0.05)로 두 군의 차이를 검정하였다. 식립 직후 실험군과 대조군의 ISQ는 각각 $80.3{\pm}7.1$과 $69{\pm}17$이었다. 실험군은 95.23%의 성공률을, 대조군은 100% 성공률을 나타냈다. 3개월과 6개월 후 실험군의 변연골 흡수량은 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 컸다(p<0.05). 하지만 12개월 후 두 군의 차이는 관찰되지 않았다 (p>0.05). 변연골 흡수량은 성별과 식립위치에 따른 차이가 없었다 (p>0.05). 실험의 한계 내에서, 1차안정성이 획득된다면 구치부 식립 GSIII 임플란트의 즉시하중은 예지성 있는 치료법이라고 여겨진다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.389-400
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• 2002

배 경 :결핵의 조기치료와 전염방지를 위해서 신속하고 간편한 결핵진단법의 개발이 요구되고 있는 실정에서 결핵균에 특이한 38-kDa단백을 포함하여 금 콘쥬게이트에 결합된 유전자재조합 항원을 혈청과 반응시켜 항결핵 항체를 발견하도록 고안된 카드형태의 혈청학적 진단기법인 Xeniss Rapid TB kit가 결핵의 진단에 유용하게 이용될 수 있는 지를 알아보고자 하였다.방 법 :188명의 결핵환자(폐결핵 177명, 폐외결핵 11명)와 82명의 접촉자, 그리고 57명의 건강한 성인을 대상으로 하였으며, 연구대상자의 혈청을 이용하여 Xeniss Rapid TB kit의 민감도, 특이도, 양성예측율, 그리고 음성예측율을 조사하였다. 결 과 : 전체적인 민감도는 73.9%, 특이도 81.3%, 양상예측율 84.2%, 그리고 음성예측율은 85.8%였다. 진단시점부터 검사시점간의 시간간격에 따라서는 1개월 이내에서 61.5%로 가장 낮고 점차 증가하여 4-6개월 시점에 94.4%로 가장 높았으며 이후 점차 감소하여 12개월 이상 경과한 시점에서는 67.4%의 양성반응율을 보였다. 페외결핵 환자(90.9%)에서는 폐결핵 환자(72.8%)보다 양성반응율이 높았다. 객담도말양성 (76.2 대 68.4%), 방사선 사진상 중증 (79.3 대 63.3%), 공동성 병소(75.7 대 70.0%), 과거 치료력 (76.3 대 73.3%)이 있는 환자군에서 상대적으로 높은 양성반응율을 보였으며, 당뇨병을 동반한 환자군(69.0 대 74.8%)과 노인환자군(68.l 대 100%)에서는 상대적으로 낮은 양성반응율을 보였다. 건강성인군 7.0%, 환자가족군 17.5%에 비해 병원직원군에서 57.9%의 양성반응율을 보여 활동성 결핵환자와 장기간 지속적으로 접촉한 군에서 높은 양성반응율을 보였다. 결 론 : Xeniss Rapid TB kit는 신속하고 간편하며, 민감도와 특이도가 비교적 높고 특히, 폐외결핵에서는 높은 양성반응율을 보여 폐결핵, 폐외결핵, 그리고 감염자의 진단에 보조적 검사법으로 유용하게 이용될 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제60권3호
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• pp.321-329
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• 2006

연구 배경: 폐암은 2000년에 들어와 우리나라 암 사망 원인 질환 중 1위가 되었으며, 아직 뚜렷한 생존기간의 향상이 없는 예후가 불량한 암이다. 최근 표적 치료제 개발에 따른 후속 연구 및 흡연이 폐암 발병에 미치는 영향에 대한 연구들에서 인종 간 유전적 특성의 차이, 생활환경이 미치는 영향 등이 부각되기도 하였다. 우리나라 폐암 환자의 임상적 특성에 대한 연구는 아직 미흡한 실정이다. 저자 등은 단일 3차 의료기관에서 지난 9년간 확진된 폐암 환자의 임상적 특성을 알아보고자 한다. 방 법: 1996년 9월부터 2005년 8월까지 9년간 본원에 입원하여 폐암으로 진단을 받았던 1655예의 환자를 대상으로 연구하였다. 모든 대상 환자에 있어서 연령, 성별, 세포형, 임상적 병기를 분석하였다. 폐암 진단 당시 설문에 응답하였던 941예의 환자를 대상으로 폐암 가족력, 직업, 흡연력, 임상 증상, 체중감소, 수행상태 등을 조사하였다. 진단 당시 동반 질환으로 당뇨, 고혈압을 포함한 심장혈관질환, 만성폐쇄성폐질환, 특발성 폐섬유화증 및 활동성 폐결핵 등을 조사하였다. 결 과:전체 연구대상 폐암 환자의 남여 성비는 3.6:1 이었다. 세포형은 편평상피세포암이 제일 흔하였고, 여자에서는 선암이 흔한 세포형이었다. 흡연력이 있었던 경우가 80.1%이었고 비흡연자는 19.9%이었다. 여자 72.3%가 비흡연자 이었다. 비흡연자에서는 남여 모두 선암이 제일 흔한 세포형이었고, 흡연력이 있는 환자에서는 편평상피세포암이 흔하였다. 1996년부터 2000년까지와 2001년부터 2005년까지 두 단위 기간으로 나누어 보았을 때, 비소세포폐암 중 선암이 차지하는 빈도의 증가(29.5%에서 33.7%로)추세와 편평상피세포암의 감소(49.9%에서 41.8%로) 추세를 확인할 수 있었다. 환자 중 무증상은 6.2%에서 관찰되었고 흔한 증상으로는 기침, 객담, 호흡곤란 등 순 이었다. 동반 질환으로 만성폐쇄성폐질환, 심장 혈관 질환, 당뇨, 결핵, 특발성 폐섬유화증은 각각 44.1%, 22.2%, 10.7%, 3.9%, 1.6%에서 관찰되었다. 부모, 형제, 자매 중 폐암 가족력이 있었던 환자는 4.4% 이었고, 환자 직업력이 폐암 발병과 관련성이 있을 것으로 추정된 경우는 12.2%이었다. 결 론: 우리나라 폐암 환자에서 높은 흡연율이 관찰되었고 아직 편평상피세포암이 제일 흔한 세포형 이었다. 향후 우리나라 폐암 환자의 임상적 특성에 대한 보다 세밀한 조사가 필요하겠다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.179-193
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• 2009

As the common saying attests, a publish-or-perish world, publishing is absolutely critical for academic researchers' successful careers. It is the most objectively-accepted academic performance criteria and the most viable way to attain public and academic recognition. Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems(APJIS) has been recognized as the most influential domestic journal in Korean MIS field since July, 1991. Therefore, publishing in APJIS means your research is original, valid, and contributive. While most researchers learn how to publish an article in APJIS through a repetitive review process, thereby improving their chance of the' accepted' through their personal trial and error experiences, such valuable lessons and know-how tend to be kept personally and rarely shared. However, useful insights into research and publication skills could be also gained from sharing others' errors, neglect, and misjudgments which are equally critical in improving researchers' knowledge in the field (Murthy and Wiggins, 2002). For this reason, other academic disciplines make systematic efforts to examine the paper review process of major journals and share the findings from these studies with the rest of the research community members (Beyer et al., 1995; Cummings et al, 1985; Daft, 1995; Jauch and Wall, 1989; Murthy and Wiggins, 2002). Recognizing the urgent need to provide such type of information to MIS research community in Korea, we have chosen the most influential academic journal, APJIS with an intention to share the answer to the following research question: "What are the common problems found in the manuscripts either 'rejected' or 'required a major revision' by APJIS reviewers?" This study analyzes the review results of manuscripts submitted to APJIS (from January, 2006 to October, 2008), particularly those that were 'rejected' or required a 'major revision' at the first round. Based on Daft's(1995) study, twelve most-likelihood problems were defined and used to analyze the reviews. The twelve criteria for classification, or "twelve problems", are as follows: No theory, Concepts and operationalization not in alignment, Insufficient definition--theory, Insufficient rationale--design, Macrostructure--organization and flow, Amateur style and tone, Inadequate research design, Not relevant to the field, Overengineering, Conclusions not in alignment, Cutting up the data, and Poor editorial practice. Upon the approval of the editorial board of APJIS, the total 252 reviews, including 11 cases of 2005 and 241 cases from July, 2006 to October, 2008, were received without any information about manuscripts, authors, or reviewers. Eleven cases of 2005 were used in the pilot test because the data of 2005 were not in complete enumeration, and the 241 reviews (113 cases of 'rejection' and 128 ones of 'major revision') of 2006, 2007, and 2008 were examined in this study. Our findings show that insufficient rationale-design(20.25%), no theory(18.45%), and insufficient definition--theory(15.69%) were the three leading reasons of 'rejection' and 'major revision.' Between these two results, the former followed the same order of three major reasons as an overall analysis (insufficient rationale-design, no theory, and insufficient definition-theory), but the latter followed the order of insufficient rationale--design, insufficient definition--theory, and no theory. Using Daft's three major skills-- 'theory skills', 'design skills', and 'communication skills'-- twelve criteria were reclassified into 'theory problems', 'design problems', and 'communication problems' to derive more practical implications of our findings. Our findings show that 'theory problems' occupied 43.48%, 'design problems' were 30.86%, and 'communication problems' were 25.86%. In general, the APJIS reviewers weigh each of these three problem areas almost equally. Comparing to other disciplines like management field shown in Daft's study, the portion of 'design problems' and 'communication problems' are much higher in manuscripts submitted to the APJIS than in those of Administrative Science Quarterly and Academy of Management Journal even though 'theory problems' are the most predominant in both disciplines.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.351-363
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• 2014

본 연구는 도시지역의 식품상점 환경을 측정하기 위한 조사도구를 개발하고, 활용가능성 및 신뢰도를 검증하기 위해 실시하였다. 문헌고찰을 통해 기 개발된 식품상점 조사도구를 검토하여, 우리나라 실정에 맞는 식환경 조사도구를 개발하였고, 크게 식품상점의 특성, 접근성, 식품의 이용가능성에 대한 문항으로 구성하였다. 개발된 조사도구의 현장 적용성 검토를 위해 소요시간, 응답수월성, 참여의사, 현장조사의 어려움, 사용된 용어의 적절성 등을 평가한 결과, 조사시간이 상점의 특성에 따라 차이가 있다는 점을 제외하고는, 모든 측면에서 현장적용성이 높았다. 그리고 식품의 이용가능성 문항에 대해 신뢰도를 검증한 결과, 조사자간 및 조사자내 일치율이 매우 높았다. 건강이 강조된 식품의 경우에는 일반식품에 비해 상대적으로 일치율이 낮았으나, 여전히 높은 일치율 수준을 보였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 식환경 조사도구는 현장적용성과 신뢰도가 높은 것이 확인되었으므로, 추후에 객관적인 식환경 측정이 필요한연구에 다양하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.411-422
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• 1997

The purpose of this study is twofold : (i) to investigate how much effort the married couples are making for the good health of both the pregnant woman and her unborn child from the time of their marriage to and during the period of conception : and (ii) to comprehensive investigate socio-cultural back-grounds which affect prenatal effort. Result of this study provide a basis for the prenatal care program which will be appropriate to our culture. This study has been done by the ethnographic research method. The subjects of this study are 53 people in all consisting of 33 pregnant women and 20 husbands. In order to investigate socio-cultural factors which influence Taegyo, producers of Taegyo music were interviewed. In addition the researcher surveyed the markets of Taegyo music, participated in special courses of prenatal education, analyzed the content of the books and periodicals dealing with Taegyo, and collected the concept of Taegyo distributed by the mass media. The full-fledged study continued for eight months from February to August.1996. The data were analyzed as soon as they were collected. Spradly's(1979, 1980) developmental, sequential method of domain analysis. taxonomic analysis, componential analysis, and theme analysis in this order was adopted as the procedure of analyzing the data. To obtain the exactness of study, Sandelowski's (1986) four criteria, that is, Credibility, Fittingness, Auditability, and Confirmability were applied to all stages of data collection, data analysis, the interpretation of the result, and the description of the result. The following are the result : 1. The couples' Taegyo at the stage of preconception was related to their physical, psychological, spiritual conditions under which a healthy baby will be born. Specific methods they prefer are : "the choice of one's spouse." "physical check-up," "physical good health, " "praying, " and so on. 2. When the marriod couple have sex in order to conceive, their Taegyo was related to the imposition of their physical, psychological, and environmental conditions. Specific methods they prefer are : "having sex at specific time, " "having sex in nice place." "to purify their minds while having sex," and so on. 3. The married couples' Taegyo while they are in pregnancy was related to the imposition of their physical. psychological, emotionmental. environmental, social and spiritual conditions. Specific methods they prefer are : "listening to music. " "reading," "looking at beautiful things only," "to avoid looking at or listening to bad things." "to eat food in good shape, " "to avoid drugs," "eating Korean herbal medicine." "sexual abstinence," "to avoid dangerous places," "to keep emotional tranquility," "moderate exercises and rest." "leading a pure life." "praying." "being aware of their words and behavior." "for the couple to keep a good relationship." "interaction with their unborn child," "to support Taegyo for pregnant women," and so on. 4. The married couple put Taegyo into practice on the basis of the following principles : the principle of respecting an unborn child, the principle of forming a good disposition. the principle of top-down parental love, the principle of synergy between a pregnant woman and her unborn child, the principle of expecting a good child, the principle of forming a good habit, and the principle of acquiring a parental role. 5. The practice of Taegyo is influenced by such factors as the married couple, the supporting system, and the mass media. As the husband -and-wife factor, their information of Taegyo, the degree of importance is assigned to their characters, their time to spare, their healthiness, the age of pregnant woman, their conception plan, their religion, their belief of the Taegyo effects, and the birth of a baby in this order. The factor of the supporting system consists of her husband's support, her family support, and her neighbor's support. The mass media factors include the broadcasting media, books specialized in Taegyo, periodicals for pregnant women, booklets for advertizing powdered milk, Taegyo music of record manufacturing companies, and the teaching materials for gifted children. Among these the mass media is especially taking advantage of Taegyo as its main source of economic profits are leading the public behavior pattern to a prodigal one. Taegyo is a self-control behavior which requires practice for the following : the physical and psychological good health of the pregnant woman and her unborn child, the development of the unborn child's good character, the development of the unborn child's intelligence and talents, the expectation of the unborn child's good features. shape a good habit, the expectation of the unborn child's bright future, and the learning of a parental role, the expectation of male birth. Above all it is a type of our good cultural tradition which pursues a value higher than the one that the prenatal care does. The principles of pregnancy care inherent in the habit of Taegyo will provide us a guideline for the development of the prenatal care.

• 구강회복응용과학지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.179-195
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• 2010

임플란트 보철물에 저작력 등 외부 하중이 작용하면 내부 반응으로 응력이 발생되는데 지지골에 나타난 응력은 골재생 및 흡수 파괴, 임플란트에 나타난 응력은 임플란트 자체의 파절이나 나사의 풀림현상 및 파절, 상부 구조물에 나타난 응력은 보철물의 파절 등을 예견하는 지침이 될 수 있을 것이다. 지대주의 형상과 재질에 따라 연결방법과 보철방법이 달라지고 임플란트 내부의 하중전달 기전이 변하게 되고 이에 따라 악골에 발생하는 응력분포 역시 달라질 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 하악 제 1대구치 부위에 이중나사 구조를 갖고 원추형 내측연결 임플란트 시스템인 GSII$^{(R)}$ (Osstem, Korea)임플란트를 이용해 지대주의 종류를 티타늄 소재의 2-piece Transfer$^{TM}$ abutment (GST), 금합금 소재의 2-piece GoldCast$^{TM}$ abutment(GSG), 외부 연결형태를 가진 3-piece Convertible$^{TM}$ abutment (GSC) 로 분류하여 이에 따른 응력분포 양상을 비교 분석하여 보았다. 결과 하중조건에 관계없이 응력은 주로 지대주와 고정체가 접촉하는 경부에 집중되었다. 또한 하중조건에 관계없이 임플란트의 고정체 상부와 접촉하는 치밀골에 높은 응력이 나타나고 해면골에는 아주 작은 응력이 나타났다. 축하중보다는 중심축을 벗어난 하중조건에서 더 높은 응력이 발생되었고 수직하중보다 경사하중에서 더 높은 응력이 발생되었다. 전체에 걸친 최대응력은 GSG에서는 지대주, 치관 및 고정체에 고르게 분포되었고 GST는 주로 고정체와 지대주 나사에, GSC는 고정체와 지대주에 집중되었다. 세 지대주 간 골내의 최대응력에는 유의한 차이가 없었고 GSG가 전체 구성부의 응력분포에 있어 유리한 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.131-138
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• 1978

The change of society has brought about various health problems which have become to demand comprehensive health services not only for individuals but also for families and communities as the unit. To meet the societal needs W Hospital in a rural Korea established a Department of Community Health Nursing Services and provided nursing services to patients under a early discharge program. This study is to evaluate the community health nursing services carried out the department in general, and has following specific objectives : 1. To learn attitude of the consumers and the "referees" toward early discharge program. 2. To find out attitude toward home care and cure services. 3. To find out the consumers and the "Referees" attitude toward the 15 selected home cue and cure activities by public health nurse. 4. To investigate possibility of charging fee for the 15 selected home care and cure activities by public health nurse. Three different study population were chosen: namely the consumer, the "referee" I and II. Excluding families moved out and not able to be contacted, the total families (77) referred to the department during the study period of September 1974 - December 1975 are defined as the consumer. Thirty seven nurses among 81 nurses who have been working in W Hospital since the inception of the Community Health Nursing Service Program were randomly selected. Thirty two nurses were defined as the "referee"I, because 5 questionnaires were not able to be collected. Twenty four doctors out of 37 who have been working since the Community Health Nursing Service Program started, and who were able to contact were called as the "referee" II. Data collection method employed for the consumers was direct interviewing with preposed interview schedules, and for the "referees"questionnaire method was utilized. x$^2$test and 100-percentage were employed in analyzing the data. The study findings are follows: 1. Attitude toward early discharge: Above 85% of the consumers and the "referees" approved the early discharge: Above 85% of the consumers and the "referees" approved the early discharge program. 2. Attitude toward the home care and cure services: Above 75% of the consumers and the "referees" showed positive attitude toward the home care and cure services by public health nurses. 3. Attitude toward 15 selected home care and curative activities by public health nurses: On the average more than 50% of the consumers and the "referees" expressed an affirmative attitude to perform 15 selected home care and cure services by public health nurses. 4. Attitude toward charging fee for 15 selected home care and curative activities by public health nurses: Above 85% of the consumers thought that they would pay for the services. Only 12.8% of the consumers and 5% of the "referees" what to have the services for nothing. Based upon the findings of this study; That is, the home care and cure services to be given by public health nurse were positively responded by the consumers and the pro-fissionable, one can conclude that the services provided by the Department of Community Health Nursing Service of W Hospital have been well accepted, and that early discharge program of hospital is believed to be a means to lessen the expenses of patients from hospitalization and to promote recovery from illness. It is recommended that hospital centered cure services should be reconsidered and scrutinized to meet community health needs. NOTE : "referees" are nurses and doctors who refer the early discharged Patient to the Department of Community Health Nursing Service.