• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2012

The core of programming learning is based on an algorithm learning and the promotion of problem solving abilities is the purpose of this learning. Then, we need to think about what kind of algorithms in what order we teach and we need to study the effect of this learning. The purpose of this study is development and implementation of algorithm instructional materials and examine the effect of an algorithm learning with conceptual algorithms in KOI(Korea Olympiad in Informatics) final test of elementary students.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1309-1314
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• 2007

Investigation on health conditions of Thai koi (Anabas testudineus) were carried out through clinical and histopathological observations from different farms of Mymensingh district for seven months during August 2006 to February 2007. Fish sampling and water quality parameters (temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH) were monitored on a monthly basis. Clinical examination of fishes was also carried out for any kind of abnormalities at monthly intervals. Samples of skin, muscle, gill, liver and kidney were observed by histological technique. Among the water quality parameters the values of water temperature, dissolved oxygen were found to be at unfavorable level for fish during the colder months in the farms. Clinically it was observed that fishes were more affected from December to January and almost normal in appearance during August to September and February. Different clinical symptoms like scale loss, dermal lesion, ulcer and loss of caudal fin were noticed in December and January. In histopathological study, structures of fish organs were normal from August to September. In the months of October and November, minor pathologies were found to be started. Marked pathological changes like necrosis, pyknosis, inflammation, hemorrhage, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, missing of primary and secondary gill lamellae were observed in the months of December and January. Whereas, in the month of February the pathological condition of fish gradually reduced. Again when considered individual fish farm, fishes of Reliance Aqua Farm were more affected than Sotota Matshya Hatchery. The study showed that severity of clinical and pathological changes were increased in December and January. During the period EUS and protozoan diseases were noticed in A. testudineus of the investigated farms.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.415-417
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• 2004

정보통신 및 인터넷의 급속한 발전으로 디지털 콘텐츠의 유통이 활발해지고 있으나 디지털, 콘텐츠에 대한 서비스 방식이 위치정보를 가지고 서비스하는 URL(Uniform Resource Locator)방식의 문제점과 기존의 물리적인 저작물r이 디지털 콘텐츠로 전환되면서 기존의 식별자로는 디지털 콘텐츠의 특성을 충족시키는 식별이 미흡하고 한계가 있다. 따라서, 해외 주요 디지털 콘텐츠 서비스기관의 식별체계 활용사례를 분석하고 그 결과를 토대로 한국과학기술정보연구원(KISTI) 고유 식별자인 KOI(Kisti Object Identifier)를 개발하고 개발된 KOI를 기반으로 과학기술분야 전자원문 연계시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.191-209
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• 2010

A reference linking service that is connection of each other different information resource need to setup the reference database and to match identifier. CrossRef, PubMed and Web Of Science etc. the many overseas agencies developed reference linking service, that they used the automatic tools of Inera eXstyles, Parity Computings Reference Extractor etc. and setup in base DOI and PMID etc. Domestic the various agencies of KISTI(Korea Institute Science and Technology of Information), KRF(Korea Research Foundation) etc are construction reference database. But each research communities adopts a various reference bibliography writing format. As, the data base construction which is collect is confronting is many to being difficult. In this paper, We developed the Citation Matcher System. This system is automatic parsing the reference string to metadata and matching DOI, PMID and KOI as Identifier. It is improved the effectiveness of reference database setup.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2012

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carotenoid source and level on growth and skin color of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi. Nine experimental diets (designated as CON, SP5, SP10, AS50, AS100, CA50, CA100, PA5 and PA10) were formulated to contain 5-10% Spirulina powder, 5-10% paprika powder, 50-100 ppm astaxanthin and 50-100 ppm canthaxanthin. The CON diet without supplementation of carotenoid source was considered as the control diet. Each experimental diet was fed to three replicate groups of fish (3.6 g/fish) to visual satiation three times a day for 8 weeks. Survival, growth and feed efficiency of fish were not significantly affected by dietary inclusion of carotenoid source and level (P>0.05). After 8 weeks feeding period, the values of $a^*$, $L^*$and $b^*$ of fish skin were significantly changed by dietary carotenoid source (P<0.05), but not carotenoid level. The $a^*$ value of fish fed the diets containing CA and PA was higher than control and SP diets (P<0.05). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that dietary inclusion of 50 ppm canthaxanthin or 5% paprika powder could increase the redness of red-and white-colored fancy carp fingerling.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.365-370
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• 2013

This study investigated the effect of dietary paprika on the skin coloration of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi, in two age groups: 0-age ($7.4{\pm}0.1$ g/fish) and 1-age ($164{\pm}2.9$ g/fish). Three isonitrogenous diets were formulated to contain 0, 5, and 10% paprika (Con, P5 and P10, respectively). Three replicate groups of 0-age fish and two replicate groups of 1-age fish were fed one of the experimental diets for 9 weeks. Survival, weight gain, and feed efficiency were not significantly affected by the dietary paprika level (P>0.05) at both fish sizes. The dietary paprika level influenced the redness ($a^*$), lightness ($L^*$), and yellowness ($b^*$) of fish skin. The $L^*$ value of the skin of the fish fed the P5 and P10 diets tended to decrease with feeding period. The skin $a^*$ value of 0-age fish (small) fed the diets containing paprika increased significantly with feeding period and was higher than that of fish fed the control diet after 3 weeks (P<0.05). However, the $a^*$ value of 1-age fish (large) fed the diets containing paprika tended to increase slightly with feeding period. At the end of the experiment, the skin total carotenoid level was increased significantly in fish of both sizes fed the P5 and P10 diets compared to fish fed the control diet. Therefore, 5% paprika powder in the diet increases the skin redness of red- and white-colored fancy carp, especially in small fish.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.257-262
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• 2017

This study was conducted to investigate the growth and skin color of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi juvenile reared at different water temperatures (21, 24, 27, and $30^{\circ}C$) for eight weeks. Two experimental diets were prepared to contain 10% Arthrospira platensis or 10% Arthrospira pacifica powder. After the feeding trial, survival was 100% in all group. Weight gain of fish reared at 24, 27, and $30^{\circ}C$ was higher than $21^{\circ}C$ group. Feed efficiency was not affected by water temperature and dietary Arthrospira sp. Daily feed intake tended to increase with water temperature. The $a^*$ value of skin coloration was affected by Arthrospira sp., but not by water temperature. Fish fed the diet containing A. pacifica powder reared at $27^{\circ}C$ had the highest $a^*$ value among the groups. Total carotenoids were highest in fish fed the diet containing A. pacifica powder reared at $21^{\circ}C$. Based on the results of this study, we conclude that 24-$30^{\circ}C$ water temperature was the optimal range for growth, and dietary inclusion of A. pacifica improved the skin redness of red- and white-colored fancy carp reared at $27^{\circ}C$.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.79-83
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• 2010

Since 1998, a new viral disease with high mortality has been consistently recorded in Korea in cultured carp, Cyprinus carpio. In this study, we investigated an epizootic of the disease that caused high mortality rates in carp obtained from 11 farms in Korea between 1999 and 2007. Assessment of koi herpesvirus (KHV) levels in diseased carp was carried out to determine if this virus was the etiologic agent of disease in this instance. High mortality rates in carp were recorded mainly in the spring and autumn at water temperatures between $19^{\circ}C$ and $24^{\circ}C$. Diseased fish typically showed surface discoloration, with a thick opaque mucus covering the body and gills. Protozoan parasites and bacteria were recovered from 7/29 (24%) and 2/26 (8%) of fish, respectively. Evidence of viral infection was marked; cytopathic effects (CPEs), characterized by cell rounding and an extended cytoplasm in fathead minnow (FHM) cells, were detected in 40/41 fish (98%). A high mortality rate (80%) resulted when supernatants of cell cultures showing CPEs were applied to previously healthy fish. KHV was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 6/41 fish (15%), but was not detected in supernatants obtained from cell cultures showing CPEs. These results suggest that KHV may not be the etiologic agent of the high mortality occurring among cultured carp in Korea; therefore, some other-as yet unidentified-infective agent must be responsible.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.414-421
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Spirulina level in the diet on growth and skin color of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi at different feeding periods. Five experimental diets (designated as Con, S5, S9, S13 and S17) were prepared to contain 0, 5, 9, 13 and 17% Spirulina. Each experimental diet was fed to two replicate groups of fish (6.6 g/fish) to visual satiation three times a day for 12 weeks. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish were not affected by dietary Spirulina level. The values of redness ($a^*$), lightness ($L^*$) and yellowness ($b^*$) of the fish skin were influenced by dietary Spirulina level at different feeding period. The $L^*$ value of skin in the fish fed S9, S13 and S17 diets tended to decrease with feeding period. The skin $a^*$ value of the fish increased significantly with feeding period and dietary Spirulina level. The skin $a^*$ value of the fish fed the diets containing 5-17% Spirulina was higher than that of fish fed control diet at 6 and 12 weeks of feeding. The skin $a^*$ value and total carotenoids of the fish fed the S17 diet was the highest among groups. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that dietary inclusion of Spirulina powder could increase the skin redness of red- and white-colored fancy carp.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.47 no.6
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• pp.790-795
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• 2014

A feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary carotenoids sources on growth and skin color of red- and white-colored fancy carp Cyprinus carpio var. koi. Nine experimental diets (designated as Con, CP, PA, SP, OP, MB, TO, BE and PO) were formulated to contain Carophyll Pink, red paprika, Spirulina, Opuntia, mandarin bark, tomato, beet and Porphyra, respectively. Each experimental diet was fed to two replicate groups of fish (22.9 g/fish) to visual satiation three times a day for 8 weeks. Weight gain and feed efficiency of fish fed the diets containing Spirulina or Opuntia were higher than those of fish fed the control diet (P<0.05). The values of $a^*$, $L^*$ and $b^*$ of fish skin were significantly changed by dietary carotenoids sources (P<0.05). The $a^*$ values of fish fed the diets containing Carophyll Pink, red paprika and Spirulina were higher than those of fish fed other diets (P<0.05). The skin total carotenoids of fish fed the diets containing Spirulina and Opuntia were higher than those of others (P>0.05). Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that dietary inclusion of red paprika and Spirulina pacifica could increase the skin redness of red- and white-colored fancy carp.