• 제목/요약/키워드: Knowledge management systems

검색결과 1,443건 처리시간 0.033초

병동선임간호장교의 간호관리역량 격차분석과 원인조사 (An Analysis of Nursing Managerial Competencies;Military Hospital Head Nurses)

  • 이선미
    • 간호행정학회지
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.37-50
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    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study was to identify the gap between need-level and demonstration-level in nursing managerial competencies. In addition, the study proposes solutions to narrow this gap. The results of this study are as follows : 1) The mean score for need-level of each item was 4.0, and for demonstration-level, 3.5. This indicates that military hospital head nurses demonstrate a higher level of managerial competencies than the moderate level on all items. But items which were related to resource/ cost/ information managament, staff development management and professionalism management got relatively low ratings in the need-level. 2) The mean score for need-level of each category was 4.14, and for demonstration-level, 3.53. Categories on the individual dimension got a higher rating than categories on the group or organization dimension in both need-level and demonstration level. 3) The gap between need-level and demonstration-level appeared in all items(p<.05) and categories(p<.001). Although the gap was relatively low, it indicates that it is essential to plan a developmemt program for all nursing management competencies for military hospital head nurses. 4) There were significant differences in the gap between need-level and demonstration-level according to specific characteristics of the subjects. The gap did not appear in many categories on the individual dimension where the number of nursing staff was more than 10, a major grade, ICU head nurse or for head nurses having a long career. 5) Need-level and demonstration-level showed a difference according to specific characteristics of the subjects, because need-level and demonstration-level were higher where the number of nursing staff was more than 10, a major grade, and for ICU or Medical ward head nurses. The categories which showed need-level difference and demonstration-level differences according to specific characteristics of the subjects existed almostly completely in the group and organization dimension. Gap-level differences according to the number of hospital bed existed in only two categories. 6) The general causes of the gap were indicated to be 'Knowledge/ skill/ experience deficit', 'Limitation of rules and systems/ Inappropriate organizational environment' for most items, categories, and dimensions. The results of this study indicate that extensive competency developing strategies must be developed, because a gap was found in all items and categories. Specially, there is a need to concentrate attention on competencies in the group and organizational dimension which had a wider gap level. And it is important to take an individual approach according to the cause for each gap. In order to produce effective competency developing strategies, top managers must have sinsights into the importance of nursing staff development and nursing officer's efforts to develop themselves must be achieved. Further multi-dimensional(education, personnel-policy, nursing/ organizational environment) solutions to the gap must be developed and utilized.

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Balancing Water Supply Reliability, Flood Hazard Mitigation and Environmental Resilience in Large River Systems

  • Goodwin, Peter
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2016년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.1-1
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    • 2016
  • Many of the world's large ecosystems are severely stressed due to population growth, water quality and quantity problems, vulnerability to flood and drought, and the loss of native species and cultural resources. Consequences of climate change further increase uncertainties about the future. These major societal challenges must be addressed through innovations in governance, policy, and ways of implementing management strategies. Science and engineering play a critical role in helping define possible alternative futures that could be achieved and the possible consequences to economic development, quality of life, and sustainability of ecosystem services. Science has advanced rapidly during the past decade with the emergence of science communities coalescing around 'Grand Challenges' and the maturation of how these communities function has resulted in large interdisciplinary research networks. An example is the River Experiment Center of KICT that engages researchers from throughout Korea and the world. This trend has been complemented by major advances in sensor technologies and data synthesis to accelerate knowledge discovery. These factors combine to allow scientific debate to occur in a more open and transparent manner. The availability of information and improved communication of scientific and engineering issues is raising the level of dialogue at the science-policy interface. However, severe challenges persist since scientific discovery does not occur on the same timeframe as management actions, policy decisions or at the pace sometimes expected by elected officials. Common challenges include the need to make decisions in the face of considerable uncertainty, ensuring research results are actionable and preventing science being used by special interests to delay or obsfucate decisions. These challenges are explored in the context of examples from the United States, including the California Bay-Delta system. California transfers water from the wetter northern part of the state to the drier southern part of the state through the Central Valley Project since 1940 and this was supplemented by the State Water Project in 1973. The scale of these activities is remarkable: approximately two thirds of the population of Californians rely on water from the Delta, these waters also irrigate up to 45% of the fruits & vegetables produced in the US, and about 80% of California's commercial fishery species live in or migrate through the Bay-Delta. This Delta region is a global hotspot for biodiversity that provides habitat for over 700 species, but is also a hotspot for the loss of biodiversity with more than 25 species currently listed by the Endangered Species Act. Understanding the decline of the fragile ecosystem of the Bay-Delta system and the potential consequences to economic growth if water transfers are reduced for the environment, the California State Legislature passed landmark legislation in 2009 (CA Water Code SS 85054) that established "Coequal goals of providing a more reliable water supply for California and protecting, restoring, and enhancing the Delta ecosystem". The legislation also stated that "The coequal goals shall be achieved in a manner that protects and enhances the unique cultural, recreational, natural resource, and agricultural values of the Delta as an evolving place." The challenges of integrating policy, management and scientific research will be described through this and other international examples.

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시맨틱 웹 자원의 랭킹을 위한 알고리즘: 클래스중심 접근방법 (A Ranking Algorithm for Semantic Web Resources: A Class-oriented Approach)

  • 노상규;박현정;박진수
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.31-59
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    • 2007
  • We frequently use search engines to find relevant information in the Web but still end up with too much information. In order to solve this problem of information overload, ranking algorithms have been applied to various domains. As more information will be available in the future, effectively and efficiently ranking search results will become more critical. In this paper, we propose a ranking algorithm for the Semantic Web resources, specifically RDF resources. Traditionally, the importance of a particular Web page is estimated based on the number of key words found in the page, which is subject to manipulation. In contrast, link analysis methods such as Google's PageRank capitalize on the information which is inherent in the link structure of the Web graph. PageRank considers a certain page highly important if it is referred to by many other pages. The degree of the importance also increases if the importance of the referring pages is high. Kleinberg's algorithm is another link-structure based ranking algorithm for Web pages. Unlike PageRank, Kleinberg's algorithm utilizes two kinds of scores: the authority score and the hub score. If a page has a high authority score, it is an authority on a given topic and many pages refer to it. A page with a high hub score links to many authoritative pages. As mentioned above, the link-structure based ranking method has been playing an essential role in World Wide Web(WWW), and nowadays, many people recognize the effectiveness and efficiency of it. On the other hand, as Resource Description Framework(RDF) data model forms the foundation of the Semantic Web, any information in the Semantic Web can be expressed with RDF graph, making the ranking algorithm for RDF knowledge bases greatly important. The RDF graph consists of nodes and directional links similar to the Web graph. As a result, the link-structure based ranking method seems to be highly applicable to ranking the Semantic Web resources. However, the information space of the Semantic Web is more complex than that of WWW. For instance, WWW can be considered as one huge class, i.e., a collection of Web pages, which has only a recursive property, i.e., a 'refers to' property corresponding to the hyperlinks. However, the Semantic Web encompasses various kinds of classes and properties, and consequently, ranking methods used in WWW should be modified to reflect the complexity of the information space in the Semantic Web. Previous research addressed the ranking problem of query results retrieved from RDF knowledge bases. Mukherjea and Bamba modified Kleinberg's algorithm in order to apply their algorithm to rank the Semantic Web resources. They defined the objectivity score and the subjectivity score of a resource, which correspond to the authority score and the hub score of Kleinberg's, respectively. They concentrated on the diversity of properties and introduced property weights to control the influence of a resource on another resource depending on the characteristic of the property linking the two resources. A node with a high objectivity score becomes the object of many RDF triples, and a node with a high subjectivity score becomes the subject of many RDF triples. They developed several kinds of Semantic Web systems in order to validate their technique and showed some experimental results verifying the applicability of their method to the Semantic Web. Despite their efforts, however, there remained some limitations which they reported in their paper. First, their algorithm is useful only when a Semantic Web system represents most of the knowledge pertaining to a certain domain. In other words, the ratio of links to nodes should be high, or overall resources should be described in detail, to a certain degree for their algorithm to properly work. Second, a Tightly-Knit Community(TKC) effect, the phenomenon that pages which are less important but yet densely connected have higher scores than the ones that are more important but sparsely connected, remains as problematic. Third, a resource may have a high score, not because it is actually important, but simply because it is very common and as a consequence it has many links pointing to it. In this paper, we examine such ranking problems from a novel perspective and propose a new algorithm which can solve the problems under the previous studies. Our proposed method is based on a class-oriented approach. In contrast to the predicate-oriented approach entertained by the previous research, a user, under our approach, determines the weights of a property by comparing its relative significance to the other properties when evaluating the importance of resources in a specific class. This approach stems from the idea that most queries are supposed to find resources belonging to the same class in the Semantic Web, which consists of many heterogeneous classes in RDF Schema. This approach closely reflects the way that people, in the real world, evaluate something, and will turn out to be superior to the predicate-oriented approach for the Semantic Web. Our proposed algorithm can resolve the TKC(Tightly Knit Community) effect, and further can shed lights on other limitations posed by the previous research. In addition, we propose two ways to incorporate data-type properties which have not been employed even in the case when they have some significance on the resource importance. We designed an experiment to show the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm and the validity of ranking results, which was not tried ever in previous research. We also conducted a comprehensive mathematical analysis, which was overlooked in previous research. The mathematical analysis enabled us to simplify the calculation procedure. Finally, we summarize our experimental results and discuss further research issues.

임상 1급응급구조사의 특성과 업무범위 간의 상관관계 (Correlation between scope of practice and clinical paramedic properties)

  • 엄태환;박상규
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제13권12호
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    • pp.5968-5975
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    • 2012
  • 본 연구의 목적은 임상 응급구조사 특성과 업무범위 간의 상관관계를 밝히는데 있다. 2012년 4월 9일부터 5월 12일까지 181명의 1급응급구조사가 성별, 학력, 경력, 실행업무, 의료지도 등의 조사내용에 무기명으로 답변한 자료를 대상으로 1종오류를 범할 확률 ${\alpha}$=0.05 수준에서 양측 검정으로 상관관계 등을 분석하였다. 실행하고 있거나 필요하다고 보는 업무는 32가지로 구분되었으며 응급환자를 위한 처치로 의료인이 행하는 침습적인 처치가 주를 이루었다. 1급응급구조사 업무범위에 대한 수행능력이 우수하다고 판단하면 법에 따른 업무, 실행하고 있는 업무, 필요한 업무에서 통계적으로 유의하게 업무범위가 확대되는 것으로 나타났다. 경력이 늘면 법에 따른 업무, 필요한 업무에서 통계적으로 유의하게 업무범위가 확대되는 것으로 나타났다. 그렇지만 전반적으로 상관계수는 0.238이하로 낮았다. 능력과 경력에 따라서, 1급응급구조사로 하여금 의사-환자 사이의 매개역할을 원활히 형성하도록 지원해 주는 의료지도체계가 빨리 확립되어 의료서비스의 질을 높이고 효율성을 기해야 하며, 1급응급구조사가 지도의사의 교육, 훈련, 지침, 근무규정 등에 의해 업무를 수행하게 하고 처치 활동은 질관리를 하면 처치의 안정성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

조직문화에 대한 진단: 공공기관을 중심으로 (Diagnosis of Organizational Culture: Focused on Public Institutions)

  • 이향수;이성훈
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제15권3호
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    • pp.9-16
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    • 2017
  • 조직문화는 조직구성원에게 정체성과 동질성 및 행위지침을 제공하고 조직몰입의 촉진과 사회시스템의 안정성을 향상시키는 기능을 수행한다. 그렇다면 어떠한 조직문화가 조직성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는가 ? 본 연구에서는 특정 공공기관을 대상으로 조직문화를 창의성, 변화, 협력, 신뢰, 지식공유 등으로 범주화하여 이들에 대한 조직구성원들의 인식정도를 조사하여 조직문화에 대한 진단을 하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 사례기관의 전체 직원들을 대상으로 조직문화에 대한 인식조사 결과를 바탕으로 사례기관의 조직문화는 과연 조직성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 밝혀내고자 하였다. 본 연구 결과 연구대상이 된 공공기관의 미래지향적이며 협력적인 문화정도는 그리 높지는 않은 것으로 나타났다. 조직의 성과를 제고하기 위해서는 무엇보다도 미래지향적이고 협력적인 문화조성이 필요하다. 이러한 문화를 조성하기 위해서는 조직구성원들간에 끊임없이 지속적으로 의사소통하고 신뢰를 구축하기 위한 여러 가지 노력이 수반되어야 한다. 특히 부하직원들에게 권한을 분산해주고 이양해주며 신뢰해주는 리더십의 노력이 우선적이다. 즉, 관리자들의 노력없이는 미래지향적이고 협력적인 문화를 성공적으로 구축하기가 매우 어렵다.

회의 소집을 위한 다중 에이전트 시스템의 구현 (Implementation of A Multiple-agent System for Conference Calling)

  • 유재홍;노승진;성미영
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제8권2호
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    • pp.205-227
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    • 2002
  • 이 연구는 웹 기반 협동작업 시스템에서 지능적인 에이전트들을 이용하여 원격 회의의 소집을 자동화함으로써 여러 참여자들에게 보다 편리한 형태의 협동작업 환경을 지원해 주는 시스템에 대한 것이다 회의 일정을 잡는 작업을 자동화하는 것은 각 개인의 공적인 일정 뿐만 아니라 개인의 사정과 선호도 등에 대한 세심한 배려를 요구한다. 그러므로, 회의 소집 자동화는 신뢰성과 병렬성을 높이기 위해서 각 개인의 일정을 병렬적으로 별도 관리하는 작업을 지원하는 분산 처리 작업이 요구된다. 이 논문에서는 회의 소집에 들이는 시간과 노력을 최소로 줄여주는 다중 에이전트 시스템의 설계와 구현에 대하여 자세하게 소개한다. 이 시스템은 서버-를라이언트 모델에 기반하며, 서버 측에서는 스케줄 에이전트, 협상 에이전트, 개인정보 관리 에이전트, 그룹 정보 관리 에이전트, 세션관리 에이전트와 조정 에이전트가 활동한다. 클라이언트 측에서는 인터페이스 에이전트, 미디어 에이전트와 협동 에이전트가 활동한다. 이들 에이전트들은 통신은 표준화된 지식 표현 언어를 이용하여 통신하므로 분산 협동 처리를 위한 에이전트들 간의 통신에 있어 가장 큰 문제점인 이형질성을 극복할 수 있도록 해준다. 본 시스템의 회의소집 지원 에이전트들은 전진연결 알고리즘으로 추론하고 역전파 네트워크 알고리즘으로 학습하여 가장 많은 사람이 참여할 수 있는 날짜를 제안해줌으로써 회의 소집자가 회의 소집에 들이는 노력을 최소로 줄일 수 있게 해 준다.

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비대칭 오류비용을 고려한 분류기준값 최적화와 SVM에 기반한 지능형 침입탐지모형 (An Intelligent Intrusion Detection Model Based on Support Vector Machines and the Classification Threshold Optimization for Considering the Asymmetric Error Cost)

  • 이현욱;안현철
    • 지능정보연구
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    • 제17권4호
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    • pp.157-173
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    • 2011
  • 최근 인터넷 사용의 증가에 따라 네트워크에 연결된 시스템에 대한 악의적인 해킹과 침입이 빈번하게 발생하고 있으며, 각종 시스템을 운영하는 정부기관, 관공서, 기업 등에서는 이러한 해킹 및 침입에 의해 치명적인 타격을 입을 수 있는 상황에 놓여 있다. 이에 따라 인가되지 않았거나 비정상적인 활동들을 탐지, 식별하여 적절하게 대응하는 침입탐지 시스템에 대한 관심과 수요가 높아지고 있으며, 침입탐지 시스템의 예측성능을 개선하려는 연구 또한 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 본 연구 역시 침입탐지 시스템의 예측성능을 개선하기 위한 새로운 지능형 침입탐지모형을 제안한다. 본 연구의 제안모형은 비교적 높은 예측력을 나타내면서 동시에 일반화 능력이 우수한 것으로 알려진 Support Vector Machine(SVM)을 기반으로, 비대칭 오류비용을 고려한 분류기준값 최적화를 함께 반영하여 침입을 효과적으로 차단할 수 있도록 설계되었다. 제안모형의 우수성을 확인하기 위해, 기존 기법인 로지스틱 회귀분석, 의사결정나무, 인공신경망과의 결과를 비교하였으며 그 결과 제안하는 SVM 모형이 다른 기법에 비해 상대적으로 우수한 성과를 보임을 확인할 수 있었다.

국가혁신시스템 협력 네트워크가 기술혁신에 미치는 영향 (The Effect of Cooperation Network in National Innovation System on Technological Innovation)

  • 주성환
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제14권5호
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    • pp.107-116
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    • 2016
  • 본 연구는 우리나라 정부가 창조경제 및 산업개혁 정책을 추진하면서 창의적이고 선도적인 경제 체질로의 탈바꿈을 시도함에 따라 이에 맞는 혁신시스템을 제안하고자 수행하였다. 이에 대표적인 지식 산업이라고 할 수 있는 우리나라 정보통신 분야 혁신시스템의 협력 네트워크 요인이 기술 혁신에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 본 연구를 위해 한국기업혁신조사(KIS) 데이터를 사용하였고, OECD NESTI-WPIA 방법론을 준용하여 프로빗 분석을 실시하였다. 이에 분석을 통해 다음의 연구 결과를 도출하였다. 첫째, 정보통신업에서 혁신 주체 간 협력은 대체적으로 기술혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 민간기관과의 협력이 기술 혁신에 중요한 역할을 미친다. 셋째, 다양한 협력은 혁신에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 창의성 수준이 낮은 활용적 혁신에 보다 큰 영향을 미친다. 이 결과를 통해 향후, 우리나라 기술혁신 정책이 협력촉진, 민간중심의 기술혁신, 다양한 의견을 수립할 수 있는 조합주의형 시스템 구축 등의 방향으로 나아가야 할 것으로 보인다.

A Study on the Development of Service Quality Scale in Traditional Market for Big Data Analysis

  • HWANG, Moon-Young
    • 한국인공지능학회지
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    • 제7권1호
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    • pp.23-59
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of this study is to develop a measure of service quality in the traditional market by examining previous research on the service quality of the traditional market studied so far. After defining basic concepts through definition of traditional market and existing studies, 5 categories of configuration items for SERVQUAL measurement in traditional market were made up based on existing researches related to definition of service quality and service quality of traditional market. A survey was conducted on the items that fit the intention of this study and various statistical analyzes were conducted. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. The reliability of the items was measured by the reliability test, and the predictability and accuracy of the items were examined. The validity of the measured variables was verified through confirmatory factor analysis. Reliability, empathy, responsiveness, certainty, and tangibility were the most important factors in this study. Responsiveness factors include communication, time reduction, real time, promptness. Assurance factors include the assurance of delivery, prompt answers, product knowledge items. Tangibility factors include, convenient device systems, location information, presence as a fact, and as a result, the latest modern items are adopted. The quality of service in the traditional market developed in this study was found to be good in reliability and validity test. Confirmatory factor analysis result using structural equation model also met the conformity index standard. If service satisfaction is measured based on this research, basic data can be presented to policy makers who implement policies on traditional markets to make the right decisions. In addition, it will be able to provide traditional market operators with operational strategy and marketing data. In the future, based on the traditional market service quality scale developed in this study, it is necessary to grasp the factors to be continuously managed to improve the service quality of the traditional market, user satisfaction, and intention to use.

지식창출형 콘텐츠 기반 창조산업 육성방안 (A Study on Creative Industry Development Vision based on Digital Contents)

  • 노시춘;방기천
    • 디지털융복합연구
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    • 제10권2호
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    • pp.47-53
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    • 2012
  • 경제위기를 디지털콘텐츠산업 육성으로 극복하려는 노력이 국내외에서 경주되고 있고 국가의 미래가 디지털콘텐츠 산업에 달려있다. 우리나라는 국민 개개인 성향이 창의력에서 결코 뒤지지 않음을 우리는 많은 문화, 예술, 역사 사례에서 발견할 수 있다. 이같은 국민적 창의력을 디지털 콘텐츠 기반의 창조산업 육성으로 연결할 경우 엔터테인먼트 콘텐츠 소재만이 아닌 창조지식기반 경제의 핵심 플랫폼으로서의 기능과 역할을 발휘할 수 있다. 이를 위해 창의적이고 효율적인 창조산업 육성 방향을 마련해야 한다. 주요국 창조산업 성공사례 벤치마크, 창의성을 바탕으로 한 한국적 창조산업 비전 개발, 콘텐츠 정책 추진체계 리엔지니어링, 콘텐츠 클러스터 체계를 구축하는 정책이 필요하다. 융합시대의 u-미디어 콘텐츠 시장은 정부, 기업, 소비자의 선순환 구조로 형성되며 이같은 유통체계가 활성화됨으로써 활력을 위한 시너지 효과를 얻게 된다. 무엇보다 콘텐츠산업 기반의 대내외적인 성장동력을 확보하는 것이 핵심이다. 디지털콘텐츠 비전은 디지털콘텐츠가 국가사회 발전성장의 모멘텀으로 기여될 수 있도록 정책 역할모델을 변화시켜가는 일련의 과정이 필요하다.