• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.113-123
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• 2007

The astronomical understanding of the heavens in "Hwangje-Naegyeong" can be divided into three main fields: the theory of cosmos, astronomy and calender. "Hwangie-Naegyeong" comprised the theory of cosmos, astronomy and calender established in the Han period. Astronomy was to describe the heavenly world and to interpret its phenomena. Calendar was to make numerical representations of the observations of all kinds of celestial bodies and to give them number-mystical meanings. Theory of cosmos treated what ancient Chinese speculated on the structure of the heavens including the earth. These three fields developed independently. However, they can also be be combined into one tradition, the astronomical knowledge. In the Han period that the astronomical knowledge grew from the mere accumulation of primitive knowledge to the established form. Throughout the Chinese history, the essential contents of astronomical knowledge including the theory of calendar, did not change much from what they were in Han period. "Hwangje-Naegyeong" use the lunisolar calendar(太陰太陽曆) and the Calendar in the late Han period(後漢四分曆). The use of the subdivisions of the seasons(24節氣) and the leap month(閏月) in "Hwangje-Naegyeong" means that it adopted the lunisolar calendar. Also "Hwangje-Naegyeong" adopted the Calendar in the late Han period by the four points: "Hwangje-Naegveong" ruled the circulation of the universe(周天度數) at 365, 1/4 terms, use the The Twenty Eight Constellations in astronomical observation, view the heavenly body by the ecliptic(黃道) and mark down year by the Heavenly Streams & Earthly Branches(干支紀年), The 24 solar terms is made by amount of Yang-Gi(陽氣) and samyum and samyang(三陰三陽) represent the amount of Yang-Gi in the earth.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.390-397
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore practice-based evidence for health promotion in vulnerable populations with hypertension in primary health care settings. Methods: Two methodological procedures were adopted for this triangulation study. In the first phase, the sample was obtained from the computerized clinical data repository of a community nursing center. A total of 286 clients were assessed for hypertension as an actual circulation problem as coded in the Omaha System. In the second phase, a qualitative focus group was surveyed through semi-structured interviews conducted by nine advanced practice nurses who had been serving the hypertensive patients. Results: The community nurses provided essential primary healthcare services including health teaching guidance and counseling, and surveillance to vulnerable populations living in medically underserved community. There was a significant positive correlation between knowledge and behavior (r=.53, p<.01), between knowledge and health status (r=.40, p<.05), and between behavior and health status (r=.48, p<.01). Conclusion: This triangulation study encompassed not only quantitative findings from the computerized records of clients but also other information acquired from advanced practice nurses. This study contributes to understanding the importance of health promotion nursing interventions even with populations already diagnosed with chronic diseases such as hypertension.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.453-464
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• 2003

The Competitive power of the country in knowledge information can be determined that how efficiently useful knowledge and information can be circulated. Korean government established the second National GIS Master Plan, and constructed National Geographic Information Clearinghouse to the goal 'whole nation's internet circulation of the geographic information and practical use'. But every departments of government are trying to circulate their geographic information individually, And this case, consumer group should approach to several dissemination network in various routing line to get the geographic information. In fact, it is difficult to present the solution for uilified single dissemination network. It is difficult to present suitable linkage plan coinciding in special environment and characteristics of all systems. Consequently, in this study, we suggested linkage element that should consider far link with National Geographic Information Clearinghouse, and presented linkage plan by linkage target type.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2012

Objectives : Recently, for over ten years, various arterial pulse simulators have been developed for training of pulse palpation technique. In this paper, we summarized development trends of those apparatuses. Materials and methods : To search the cases of development, we mainly used China Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), National Discovery for Science Leaders (NDSL), Korean Traditional Knowledge Portal, Patent Search by Baidu (百度專利搜索), and some general search engines. Some domain cases introduced were collected based on personal experience. Results : It was found that there were two types of arterial pulse simulators. The first type uses fluids and pumps, while the second type uses actuators without fluid circulation parts. Conclusion : From year 2000, various arterial pulse simulators have been developed. In general, they could be classified two types. Further effort toward Maixiang (脈象) simulation and validation in field is needed.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2001

It is thought that the sanitary perception and hygienic food treatment of food suppliers as the first handlers of foodstuffs are extremely significant for the safe and sanitary management of food in group meal services. So in this study, a survey of 103 food suppliers who provide raw materials for 80 meal services in business places around Busan area was conducted on general matters, participation in sanitation education, sanitary perception, sanitary treatment of foodstuffs, knowledge of sanitation, etc. The results of the survey are as follows: 1. 42.7% of the subjects have worked for the food supply companies for one to five years and the main job of 36.9% of them is delivery service. Food suppliers who handle over two foodstuffs are 6839%. 2. Concerning the participation in sanitation education, 43.7% of the subjects have not experienced any such education, The reason of 23.3% of them for not having the education is that there have been no opportunity for them at all. And 83.5% of them regard the education on hygiene as necessary. 3. In the sanitary perception, 93.1% of the subjects considered the temperature control of the food delivery vehicles as important and 82.5% of them replied on of the leading causes of food poisoning as foodstuffs. 64.0% thought of their knowledge of food sanitation as not very good, but moderate. 4. Concerning sanitary treatment of foodstuffs, 50.5% of delivery vehicles were wearing sanitary uniforms and 24.3% of them washed their hands while supplying food. 5. In the score of hygienic knowledge, the average score of all food suppliers was 60.6 point. In the score of hygienic knowledge on general matters, managing supervisors got 6.31$\pm$1.70. In the score of hygienic knowledge based on the perception of food sanitation, the food suppliers with the experience of sanitation education scored 6.42$\pm$1.93 point and the point was significant(p<0.01), compared with that of the food suppliers without the experience of sanitation education. The food suppliers who answered their knowledge was very good scored the highest point, 8.00$\pm$1.41. The food suppliers who replied that sanitation education was truly necessary recorded the hygienic knowledge score of 6.75$\pm$1.77, significantly(p<0.01) high. In the score of hygienic knowledge on the basis of the practical degree of sanitary handling of food materials, the food suppliers who answered they cleaned their delivery vehicles everyday scored 6.48$\pm$1.93, the food suppliers who answered they sterilized their delivery vehicles everyday scored 6.29$\pm$1.89, the food suppliers who answered they controlled the temperature of their delivery vehicles irregularly scored 6.58$\pm$1.79 and the food suppliers who answered they washed their hands every time when they were working scored 6.86$\pm$2.24, significantly(p<0.05) high in comparison with every item in other factors. And the food suppliers who answered they were wearing sanitary uniforms irregularly while supplying foodstuffs scored the highest point, 6.66$\pm$2.92.

• Journal of Ginseng Culture
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• v.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2024

Wild ginseng, grown in undisturbed forest environments, has been maintained for centuriesthrough human intervention and knowledge, leading to the development of current ginseng agriculture. The practice of ginseng farming has long been established in various regions of Korea. However, the ginseng farming specifically in Geumsan was recognized as a Globally Important Agricultural Heritage System (GIAHS) by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) in 2018. This designation was granted after a thorough evaluation, which confirmed that Geumsan's ginseng farming met the necessary criteria, including historical importance, traditional knowledge system, agrobiodiversity, and agricultural landscape. Traditional ginseng farming in Geumsan practices the 'rotating agriculture system', a sustainable land use approach that has been developed over several cycles of long duration (10-15 years). It contains the knowledge to choose locations for cultivation that prioritize the direction of sunlight and wind circulation. Furthermore, it received significant recognition for its agricultural heritage value based on its maintenance of several traditional knowledge systems, including ancestral wisdom and knowledge regarding pre-planting field management techniques. As of December 2023, there are currently 86 locations in 26 nations that have been designated as GIAHS. Among these sites, Geumsan stands out as the first and only site in the world specifically recognized for the cultivation of ginseng crops. This historical record serves as a significant reminder of Korea's prominent position as a major producer of ginseng on a global level. This article first provides an overview of the concept of agricultural heritage, the designation criteria, and the status of the designation. It then identifies, among the GIAHS designation criteria, the agricultural heritage value of traditional ginseng farming in the Geumsan region from the perspective of local traditional knowledge systems.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.63-87
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• 2010

Natural Medicine is a medical system that tries to find the cause and cure of the disease in the nature emphasizing on natural healing power of human body. The most important value of traditional medicine in east Asia lies on the fact that this medicine is a medical culture and natural medicine that was selected by instinct and human nature reflecting the best possible remedy by the wisdom of evolution, and views the living phenomenon based on relation and circulation. This medicine is a natural medicine that tries to recover and promote the natural healing power by vitality and is a system that cumulates various empirical information about unique and complicated life phenomenon as a legacy of evolution in the body and the disease. The understanding of variation and adaptation of human species should be based on thorough knowledge of origin, instinct and nature of human as well as knowledge of survival and adaptation of human and environment based on evolution. And through this insight, the prevention and treatment of modern diseases should be developed. In this regards, traditional medicine in east Asia should be highlighted again as a study on adaptation and harmony of penetrating the cultural history of mind which has led the history of biological body and change of society and culture, and the repository of practical wisdom and knowledge.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.832-835
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• 2000

A case of unruptured cerebral aneurysm at the junction of accessory middle cerebral artery and the distal portion of the $A_1$ segment of the anterior cerebral artery is reported. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of cerebral aneurysm developed at the junction of accessory middle cerebral artery, demonstrated on magnetic resonance angiography(MRA). The accessory middle cerebral artery is a rare vascular variant of middle cerebral artery. Furthermore, it is extremely rare for an aneurysm to be developed at the origin of the accessory middle cerebral artery. The development of the accessory middle cerebral artery is very important in surgery of cerebral aneurysm and collateral circulation of cerebral infarction. Review of the literature regarding the genesis and anatomical variation of the accessory middle cerebral artery is also presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2006.04a
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• pp.417-422
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• 2006

This study is an attempt to investigate Korea & U.S Company Corporate ethics Programs & System through the Corporate Favorite Index and researches. Design of Ethics Management Model on how in contemporary Corporate & society. today, There many Corporate & social ethics problems in the post knowledge society based monetary circulation. We can design Ethics Management Model the key to solving today's inconsistency of Capitalism & Corporate ethics problems from Integrated & analysis our Corporate Ethics Management. This is the purpose of this thesis.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.101-108
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• 2022

Drosophila melanogaster lymph gland, the primary site of hematopoiesis, contains myeloid-like progenitor cells that differentiate into functional hemocytes in the circulation of pupae and adults. Fly hemocytes are dynamic and plastic, and they play diverse roles in the innate immune response and wound healing. Various hematopoietic regulators in the lymph gland ensure the developmental and functional balance between progenitors and mature blood cells. In addition, systemic factors, such as nutrient availability and sensory inputs, integrate environmental variabilities to synchronize the blood development in the lymph gland with larval growth, physiology, and immunity. This review examines the intrinsic and extrinsic factors determining the progenitor states during hemocyte development in the lymph gland and provides new insights for further studies that may extend the frontier of our collective knowledge on hematopoiesis and innate immunity.