• 대한약침학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.50-54
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• 2014

Objectives: Digital infrared thermographic imaging (DITI) has been used widely for various inflammatory diseases, circulatory diseases, skin diseases, musculoskeletal diseases and cancers. In cases of ligament injury, obviously the temperature of the damaged area increases due to local inflammation; however, whether the temperature also increases due to DITI has not been determined. The purpose of the present study was to identify whether or not the changes of temperature in patient's with medial collateral ligament injury were really due to infrared thermography and to determine the applicability of DITI for assessing ligament injuries. Methods: Twenty patient's who underwent DITI for a medial collateral ligament injury from September 2012 to June 2014 were included in the current study. The thermographic images from the patient's knees were divided to cover seven sub-areas: the middle of the patella, and the inferomedial, the inferolateral, the superomedial, the superolateral, the medial, and the lateral regions of patella. The temperatures of the seven regions were measured, and the temperature differences between affected and unaffected regions were analyzed by using the Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: The 20 patient's were composed of 14 women (70%) and 6 men (30%), with a mean age of $62.15{\pm}15.71$ (mean${\pm}$standard deviation (SD)) years. The temperature of the affected side, which included the middle of the patella, and the inferomedial, the superomedial, the superolateral, and the medial regions, showed a significant increase compared to that of the unaffected side (P < 0.05). The inferolateral and the lateral regions showed no significant changes. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that DITI can show temperature changes if a patient has a ligament injury and that it can be applied in the evaluation of a medial collateral ligament injury.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.259-274
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the kinematic and kinetic parameters of lower extremity joints between novice and experienced sports aerobic dancers during two heights of depth jumps. Four male dancers were participated in this study and they performed 40cm and 60cm height depth jump three times, respectively. Four ProReflex MCU cameras (100frame/sec) and a Kistler force plate (1000Hz) were used for data collection. The results indicated that the duration of contact phase of experienced group was shorter than that of novice group regardless of jump height. For minimum angle of hip, knee, and ankle joints, the novice group had tendency to decrease the angle but the experienced group had increased the joint angle with jump height. There was no difference of total ground reaction force between the groups but the reaction force had tendency to increase with jump height. Thus, this study implied that repetition of jump and landing may induce joint related injury and further study such as. EMG analysis of lower extremity can be needed to verify the relationship between injury and ground reaction force.

• 동국한의학연구소논문집
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• 제9권
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• pp.35-49
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• 2000

본 실험은 대방풍탕(大防風湯)이 혈관생성과 세포유착인자발현 억제를 통해 LPS(lipopolysaccharide)유발 관절염 완화에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 LPS주사로 관절염이 유발된 생쥐에게 대방풍탕(大防風湯) 추출액을 음용 투여하였다. 실험동물은 20g된 female Balb/c계 생쥐암컷을 선별하여 아무런 처치를 하지 않은 대조군, 무릎관절에 LPS를 주사한 LPS군, LPS주사후 대방풍탕(大防風湯) 추출액을 투여한 DBP군으로 나누어, 다시 LPS와 DBP군은 LPS처리 후 시간의 경과에 따라 3, 7, 14일로 구분하였으며, 실험군 각각에는 실험동물을 10마리씩 배정하였다. 광학 현미경(BX50)으로 대방풍탕(大防風湯) 추출액 투여가 LPS주사 후 증가된 윤활 관절막내 혈관분포 증가에 미치는 영향과 아울러 윤활세포, 섬유화 및 섬유모세포, 비만세포와 염증관여세포, 세포유착인자 등의 윤활 관절막에서의 형태변화를 관찰하였다. DBP군에서는 자유면에서 윤활세포과형성의 억제와 침윤 림프구의 감소, 낮은 섬유화 양상과 침적 섬유모세포의 감소, 모세혈관 주변의 림프구 침적 감소와 비만세포 분포감소, 자유면과 섬유지역분포ICAM과 혈관주변분포VCAM 등과 같은 세포유착인자의 감소 등이 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 대방풍탕(大防風湯)은 관절염 유발시 발생되는 혈관생성과 세포유착인자의 발현증가 등을 억제함으로써 이후 발생되는 윤활 관절막 손상을 완화하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.27-37
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• 2008

Purpose : Today, it enjoys a sports and a leisure where the anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) injury patient increase. The knee joint is important means of human body movement and to do an important duty when it encounters ACL injuries of the knee joint and the many restriction follows in the life which is ordinary. When it is damaged ACL, it comes to determinate that ACL reconstruction and preservation treatment that the according to condition of ligament and knee joint. After ACL reconstruction, that is the fact which already becomes known the exercise treatment advances a recovery and to reduce a sequela. Methods : we researched the method of exercise treatment after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction operation by journal of science direct and KISS in daecu university. Results : The representative exercise treatment is isometric exercise, isokinetic exercise isotonic exercise and complex exercise but what kind of exercise treatment most is effective, it revealed and support it was not. The method of exercise treatment is very various, so It causes a confusion made to the therapist and patients. So it executes once again it sought the kinetic therapeutic method which is efficient from this research and it tried to observe preceding research after ACL reconstruction. To operation a various the exercise treatments, operation only the treatment which is general compared to it was effective in muscular power and muscle functional improvement. But this like improve despite with the exercise treatment consequence which is continuous from research of most the pain leg compares to the health leg, it appeared the discrepancy which is a muscular power, a muscular endurance and a hypertrophy muscle etc, to the health leg or before operating 100% of muscular power to having gets the many therapy time was the recovery rate. Conclusion : Therefore after ACL reconstruction, it will become the many research continuously which is improve the muscle functional and ROM of the exercise treatment method and From therapeutic site of the patients it does to memorizes knowledge in advance about ACL injuries and the application the isokinetic treatment or exercise program are the set of necessary, frequency and amusement that considers complex what kind of therapeutic exercise becomes accomplished with the patient take care of attention.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2009

발목 테이핑은 상해 예방을 위해 임상적으로 이용되어 질 수 있는 보조적 수단으로 여겨지고 있다. 그러나 그동안의 연구들을 살펴보면 발목 자체에 대한 부분만을 언급하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 발목 테이핑의 적용이 기능적 발목 불안정성을 가진 선수들에게서 점프 후 착지 시에 하지 관절에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 점프의 거리는 각 대상자 키의 50%로 결정하였으며 높이는 각 대상자 키의 20%로 결정하였다. VICON을 이용하여 하지관절의 데이터를 수집하였고, 점프 착지 동안 시상면, 관상면, 수평면의 관절 움직임의 변화를 측정하였다. 테이핑은 통계적으로 시상면에서 착지순간 저측 굴곡과 최대 저측 굴곡을 제한하는 효과가 있었으며, 반면에 착지순간 무릎 굴곡과 최대 무릎 굴곡, 착지순간 엉덩 굴곡과 최대 엉덩 굴곡을 통계적으로 유의하게 증가시키는 효과가 있었으며, 관상면에서는 최대 발목 내번, 착지순간 무릎 외반과 최대 무릎 외반, 최대 엉덩 외전을 감소시키는 효과가 있었고, 수평면에서는 최대 발목 외전, 최대 엉덩 내회전의 감소를 보였다. 발목 테이핑은 발목 관절 운동범위의 제한과 함께 무릎 관절이나 엉덩 관절에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.13-17
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• 2021

A normal range of motion is essential for performing activities of daily living. The capsular pattern is the proportional motion restriction in range of motion during passive exercises due to tightness of the joint capsule. Although the capsular pattern is widely referred to in clinical practice, there is no scientific evidence to support the concept. In this review, the appropriateness of the capsular pattern for evaluation of joint pathology was assessed. In the Textbook of Orthopaedic Medicine written by Cyriax, the capsular pattern did not specify how much reduction in angular motion is considered motion restriction. As the definition proposed initially was unclear, different methods have been used in previous studies investigating capsular pattern. In addition, the capsular pattern described all the major joints of the human body, but only the hip joint, knee joint, and shoulder joint were studied in experimental studies. Sensitivity and specificity were reported in one study and were meaningful in specific pathologies (loss of extension to loss of flexion). There was no consensus on the reliability and validity. In summary, the capsular pattern suggested by Cyriax or Kaltenborn is not supported or applies only to certain conditions. Various components around a joint complement each other and provide stability to the joint. It is recommended that the therapist perform multiple assessments rather than rely on a single assessment when evaluating joints.

• 대한관절경학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2004

목적: KT-2000 Knee Ligament Arthrometer를 이용하여 정상 슬관절의 전방 전위를 측정하고, 결과에 영향을 미치는 인자들을 알아보며, 전방 십자 인대 손상 환자 슬관절의 전방 전위를 측정하여 이를 바탕으로 정상인의 전방전위 정도를 전방 십자 인대 손상 환자와 비교하여 이 기기의 유용성을 알아 보고자 한다. 대상 및 방법: 슬관절 손상의 과거력이 없는 성인 남자 30명을 대상으로 2명의 검사자가 30lb의 힘으로 슬관절30$^{\circ}$굴곡에서 근육 이완 및 수축, 25$^{\circ}$내회전, 25$^{\circ}$외회전 자세로 전방 전위를 측정하여 두 검사자간의 전방 전위 및 좌우 차이를 비교하였고. 신체 조건에 따라 두 군으로 나누어 각각의 차이에 따르는 전방 전위를 비교하였다 전방십자 인대 손상 환자 30명에서 슬관절을 이완시킨 상태로 3차례 이상 전방 전위 검사를 시행하였다. 결과: 검사자 1의 슬관절 전방 전위는 30$^{\circ}$굴곡 상태로 근육 완전 이완, 근육 수축 상태. 25$^{\circ}$내회전 25$^{\circ}$외회전위치에서 우측 슬관절은 6.5${\pm}$1.5 mm. 2.5${\pm}$0.9 mm, 4.8${\pm}$1.2 mm, 6.4${\pm}$1.3 mm였고 좌측 슬관절은 5.6${\pm}$1.3 mm, 2.1${\pm}$0.8 mm, 4.5${\pm}$1.2 mm, 5.2${\pm}$1.3 mm였으며. 검사자 2는 각각 6.9${\pm}$1.2 mm, 2.9${\pm}$1.1 mm,5.6${\pm}$1.6 mm, 6.9${\pm}$1.5 mm였고, 5.5${\pm}$1.7 mm, 1.9${\pm}$0.9 mm, 5.1${\pm}$1 9 mm, 5.7${\pm}$1.6 mm였으며, 검사자1의 전방 전위 좌우 차는 근육 이완 상태에서 0.9${\pm}$1.0 mm였다. 전방 십자 인대 손상으로 수술을 받은 환자의 전방 전위는 평균 11${\pm}$2.93 mm쳐고, 건측과의 차이는 평균 6.5${\pm}$2.31 mm였다 좌우 슬관절의 비교에서 검사자 1과 2는 30${\pm}$굴곡, 근육 이완시 통계학적으로 좌우차는 있었으나 각각 25례(83%), 21례(70%)에서 좌우 차이가 2mm미만이었고 3 mm이상은 모두 1예에 불과하였으며 근육 이완시 정상인과 전방 십자 인대 파열 환자의 전방 전위 좌우차는 통계학적으로 의미 있는 차이를 보였다. (<0.05) 결론: KT-2000 Knee Ligament Arthrometed의 결과에 영향을 주는 인자는 슬관절 주변 근육의 이완, 슬관절의 굴곡 각도, 경골의 회전. 전위력의 강도, 적용시점, 그리고 키, 체중등의 신체적 요인 등이 있으나 능숙한 기계사용과 정확한 슬관절 위치에서 검사할 때 전방 십자 인대 파열에 대한 진단에 유용한 기구이다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.51-64
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• 2015

Objectives This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Gyejigabuja-tang extracts on the Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) induced osteoarthritis in rats. Methods Osteoarthritis was induced by injection of MIA into knee joint cavity of rats. Rats are divided into 4 groups (normal, control, positive comparison group, GBT group, each n=5). Normal group was injected by normal saline into knee joint cavity only. Control group was induced for osteoarthritis by MIA and oral medicated with distilled water. Positive comparison group was injected with MIA and taken Joins tablet 25 mg/kg. GBT group was injected with MIA and taken Gyejigabuja-tang extracts 300 mg/kg. Positive comparison group and GBT group were oral medicated for each substance once a day for 4 weeks. ALT, AST and creatinine were evaluated for hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Hind paw weight bearing ability was examined and inflammatory cytokines (IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6, TNF-${\alpha}$), $PGE_2$, $LTB_4$, osteocalcin and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) within serum were analysed. Knee joint structures were observed by Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E), Safranin-O staining method. Results 1. Function of liver and kidney was not affected. 2. Hind paw weight bearing ability was significantly improved. 3. IL-$1{\beta}$, IL-6 and TNF-${\alpha}$ in experimental group were significantly decreased compared with control group. 4. $PGE_2$, $LTB_4$, Osteocalcin and DPD in experimental group were decreased compared with control group. 5. In histopathologic observation, injury on synovial membrane and cartilage of experimental group was lesser than control group (H&E, Safranin-O staining). Conclusions Based on these results, it can be suggested that Gyejigabuja-tang has anti-inflammation effects on the MIA-induced osteoarthritis in rats.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2023

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of an 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Reformer and Chair Pilates exercise on static and dynamic lower limb alignment for healthy female adults. Method: Ten healthy young female adults without musculoskeletal injury history in last 6 months (Age: 29.3 ± 3.5 yrs., Height: 165 ± 3.4 cm, Body mass: 58.2 ± 5.4 kg) participated in this study. All participants asked to join the 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Reformer and Chair Pilates exercise, and the program was conducted for 60 minutes twice a week. Participants were asked to be measure a static Q-angle and performed free squat one week before and after the program. A 3-D motion analysis with 8 infrared cameras and 5 channels of EMG was executed in this study. The effectiveness of the training was evaluated by paired t-test, and the significance level was set at .05. Results: A significantly decreased in internal rotation angles was found at hip joint during free squat after the training. Also, significantly decreased in lateral rotation angles were found at knee and ankle joint during free squat after training. Finally, significantly decreased in muscle activations were found at adductor longus and peroneus longus during free squat after training. Conclusion: From results of our study, it is concluded that an 8-week closed kinetic chain typed Pilates exercise positively effect on lower limb alignment during dynamic movement.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.39-50
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• 2014

Objectives The objective of this study is to investigate the protective effects of Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) on the articular cartilage injuries in rat model of osteoarthritis. Methods Articular cartilage injury was induced by injection of monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) (0.25 mg) into both knee joint cavities of rats. Rats were divided into control group (n=8) and Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) group (n=8), which was taken extracts of Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) by orally for 20 days. At the end of the experiment (20 days after MIA injection), gross and histopathological examinations on the articular structures of knee joints were performed. Proteoglycan (PG) content in articular cartilages was analyzed by safranin O staining method. And also, tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$ (TNF-${\alpha}$) and interleukin-$1{\beta}$ (IL-$1{\beta}$) contents in synovial fluid were measured by ELISA method. Results 1. Grossly, the degree of articular cartilage injury in the Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) group was alleviated compared with the control group. 2. PG content in articular cartilage of the Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) group was increased significantly compared with the control group. 3. Histopathologically, osteoarthritic score of the Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) group was decreased significantly compared with the control group. 4. TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-$1{\beta}$ content in synovial fluid of the Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) group was increased compared with the control group. But there was no significance. Conclusions On the basis of these results, we suggest that Banggi-eum (FangchiYin) have inhibiting effects on the progression of articular cartilage injury in MIA-induced osteoarthritis model.