• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.133-144
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to analyze the joint moment on lower extremity during a developpe devant. Data were collected by Kwon3D, KwonGRF program. Two professional modem female dancers were participated in this experiment. Subjects performed a developpe devant in meddle heights. On the axes of X, Y, Z, it was shown that the maximum joint moment was occurred in hip joint. The moments are plotted during developpe devant. The ankle muscles generate a plantar flexion moment and the knee muscles generate a flexion moment and The hip muscles generate a extension moment. So these muscles of joint muscles were known to play a key role in keeping the body balance while doing developpe devant. In addition adduction moment occurred at hip, knee, an ankle in the order of amount, we could assume from this data that him out motion started from the hip joint. There was small active turn out possible below the hip joint. A small amount of extra turn out could be obtained when standing because of flexion between the foot and floor, which could be used to give a passive external rotation force to the whole leg and this could produce a rotation between the knee and foot. This passive external rotation could produce very damaging results. Therefore, lower extremity joint muscles such as hip, knee, and ankle muscle should be trained to keep the body balance and prevent injury during developpe devant performance. And for the safe and perfect turn ort performance, hip joint abduction, the most important external rotating muscle for him out is needed to train and full stretching should be done in advance.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.87-93
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• 2013

Objectives : Degenerative arthritis arises from several physiological factors. The purpose of this study is to investigate the beneficial effects of Phyto-extract Complex (CME) on degenerative arthritis. Methods : CME is composed of extracts of mulberry (Morus alba L.) fruit, mulberry leaves and black beans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.). To measure the toxicity of CME, we performed the single-dose toxicity study. For the evaluation of its effects on degenerative arthritis, we examined the inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, using in vitro enzyme activity assay, the reduction of protein expression of COX-2, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in RAW264.7 cells which were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). We also examined the serum level of prostaglandins (PGs) and injury of the knee joint cartilage, using animal model of degenerative arthritis induced by mono-sodium iodoacetate (MIA). Results : CME did not have any toxicity in single-dose toxicity study. The CME inhibited the activity of COX-2 and could reduce the protein expression of COX-2, 5-LO and iNOS in RAW264.7 cells. The CME also reduced the serum level of PGs and prevented from the cartilage injury of knee joint in animal model of degenerative arthritis induced by MIA. Conclusions : Taken altogether, the CME could be useful for the improvement of degenerative arthritis through its various anti-inflammatory activities and prevention from the cartilage injury of knee joint.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.323-330
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• 2002

This study purposes at applying knee joint taping to preventing muscle fatigue. Twenty six subjects between the ages of 20s and 30s were randomly sampled among healthy males, with an average age of 26yr(range, 22 to 31yr). None of the subjects had a recent or remote history of significant lower extremity injury, No subjects had a history of central nervous system equilibrium problems. To develop muscle fatigue, Isokinetic exercise, which is a repetition of flexion and extension knee joint to $180^{\circ}$/sec, was performed 50 times per person. During the exercise, change of proprioception were measured by applying taping on both knee joints. Analysis has carried out by means of one-way ANOVA with repeated measures and independent t-test at the significance level of $\alpha$=0.05 to detect statistic significance. The results of this study were as follows: First, it was found that the generation of lower extremity muscle fatigue significant affects on proprioception (p < 0.05). Second, the application of taping to knee joint after the generation of lower extremity muscle fatigue significant affect proprioception (p < 0.05). Third, while continual exercise after the generation of muscle fatigue, taping group was significant differences in proprioceptive loss than non-taping group(p < 0.05).

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.419-425
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• 2012

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of knee brace on anterior cruciate ligament injuries risk factors during one-legged landing of female gymnasts. Eleven female gymnasts were recruited and performed randomly one-legged drop landing in height of her's knee with (3times) and without (3times) knee brace. Kinematics and ground reaction data were collected to estimate the anterior cruciate ligament injuries risk factors. Data were analyzed with paired samples t-test. Female gymnasts with knee brace showed more reduced the distance from ankle joint center to knee joint center in sagittal plane and knee maximum joint torque than without knee brace. In conclusion, Female gymnasts with knee brace reduced anterior cruciate ligament stress.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences in kinematic and kinetic parameters of the ankle and knee joint according to three landing direction(central, left, right). Fifteen collegiate male athletes(age: $22.7{\pm}3.5$ years, height: $174.9{\pm}7.1\;cm$, weight: $69.4{\pm}6.7\;kg$) with the right leg as dominant were chosen. The subjects performed series of drop landings in three directions. In terms of the three different landing directions, plantar flexion was the greatest during the central drop landings. For each initial contact of the landing direction, plantar flexion of the ankle was greatest at the central drop landing, inversion of the ankle was greatest at the right landing and valgus of the knee was greatest at the left drop landing. Regarding the peak force, the greatest was at the 1st peak force during the central drop landing. For the time-span of the 2nd peak force and the 2-1 peak force, both right sides resulted as the greatest. Therefore, with the appropriate training in landing techniques and developing neuromuscular training for proprioception by taking the injury mechanisms on ankle and knee during drop landings into account, it will assist in preventing such injuries.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.216-228
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• 1996

This study has purpose to perform leaving the hospital nursing plan during hospital treatment of patient with the knee ligament Injury on the basis of the concerns between the time of leaving the hospital after 2 weeks in hospital and the concerns through practical life after leaving the hospital systematically. This study is also tried to make exercise plan to prevent atrophy of Quardriceps muscle of the thigh caused by the limitation of activities. The subjects of study are 12 people who were in the hospital in affiliation to a university in Seoul, were operated on the knee ligament, and were discharged from the hospital within 2 weeks. Data collection time was for about 4 months from December, 94 to March, 95. Research method was performed 2 times by unorganized open questions. The collection of first data is through direct interview about the concerns before leaving the hospital, and secondary data is through direct interview about the concerns by practical life and experiences after leaving the hospital. The data was categorized by classifying several common elements among similar contents according to data by the situational analysis of Giorgi. The result of this study is as follows : 1) The concerns before leaving the hospital are like that the concerns of recovery possibility, the limitation of activities, the grim realities of life, the lack of confidence about self-nursing, the eyes of the surroundings, the burden to the others, and so on. 2) The concerns after leaving the hospital are like that the demands of the inconvenience by the limitation of self-nursing, the support about self-nursing by the difficulties of performing treatment order, the support of physical activities limitation by physical tiredness and the limitation of social activities, the support of information by the necessities of education in using crutches before leaving the hospital and continuing informational needs, psychological and mental support of normal physical recovery by the worries of physical recovery and physical change, and social support by thankfulness for his family and relatives. I suggest to make more systematic leaving the hospital nursing plan and exercise education plan for nursing plan after leaving the hospital of the patients with the knee ligament injury on the basis of this content.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.77-81
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• 2003

Purpose: The biomechanics and kinematics of knee joint were reviewed in this article. And then the common sports injuries were presented. Anatomy and Kinetics: None of the pairs of bearing surfaces in the knee joint is exactly congruent This allows the knee six degrees of freedom of motion. Tibiofemoral Kinematics: In flexion and extension, the axis of motion is not perpendicular to the medial-lateral plane of the joint, nor is it perpendicular to the axis of longitudinal rotation. This results in coupled varus angulation and internal rotation with flexion and in valgus angulation and external rotation with extension. Patellofemoral Articulation: Loads across the patellofemoral joint are indirectly related to the angle of knee flexion and directly related to the force generated within the quadriceps mechanism. Fractures of the Patella: Nonoperative treatment is indicated if the extensor mechanism is intact and if displacement of fragment is minimal. The specific type of internal fixation depends on the fracture pattern. It is important to repair retinaculum. Acute and Recurrent Patellar Instability: The degree of dysplasia and the extent of the instability play a large part in determining the success of nonoperative treatment. Patients who experience recurrent dislocations and patients with major anatomic variations require surgery to minimize their instability. Sports Injuries in School-age Atheletes: Patellar pain in young athletes groups a number of conditions, including Idiopathic Adolescent Anterior Knee Pain, Osgood- Schlatter Disease, and Sinding-Larsen-Johansson Disease.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.161-170
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• 2002

knee injuries are among the most common problems confronting patients, physical therapist and physicians. since the bony structure provides little stability, the soft tissues are required to withstand high forces, often resulting in tissue overload and injury immobilization of the knee in the presence of a hemarthrosis usually leads to proliferation of intraarticular connective tissue adhesions and pint fibrosis. the physical basis of treating scar tissue is early controlled motion. the management of the knee with increased instability is to strengthening the muscles to properly treat an soft tissue injuries, physical therapist should know about the anatomic structures and biomechanical function of the knee joint, in this review article, we discuss the physiologic properties of soft tissue, biomechanical observation in fibrous connective tissue, managing soft tissue contractures, principles in treating scar tissue and treatment of the knee with increased instability.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.58 no.2
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• pp.405-416
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• 2019

This study aimed to identify the efficiency of short track-related sports injury prevention program consisted of muscle strength and neuromuscular training on non-contact injury incidence and characteristics in knee and ankle joints and low back for elite short track speed skaters. Twenty-five short track athletes who belonged to G-City Team were participated in this study from Nov. 2017 to Jul. 2018. Information on their sports injuries occurred were collected and injury prevention program was applied in their warm-up every training sessions and competition. Also their symptom-level of knee and ankle joint and low back were measured by using OSTRC overuse injury questionnaire and Cumberland ankle instability(CAIT). The injury incidence rate after application of prevention program was 2.79 injuries/1,000 hour exposures(HEs), which was lower than before (3.04 injuries/1,000HEs). The OSTRC score (30.89±28.34 and 23.84±23.61, respectively) in knee and low back after application of prevention program were lower than before (58.47±26.77 and 52.36±21.55, respectively), and the CAIT score (13.47±6.07) in ankle joint after application of program was higher than before (16.26±7.28), which means that their symptom-level was alleviated with sports injury prevention program. In conclusion, the sports injury prevention program designed for short track's motion and characteristic can have positive influences on the occurrence of non-contact injury for short track speed skaters.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.59-61
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• 2002

The injury of meniscus, integral components of the knee joint, is a common sports-related problem and the most frequent injurγ to the knee joint.$^1$ This study was aimed to tissue-engineer meniscus in rabbit models. Cells isolated from rabbit meniscus were seeded onto meniscus-shaped, biodegradable polymer matrices and implanted to rabbit knee joints The tissue-engineered meniscus explanted at 6 and 10 weeks showed gross and histologic evidences similar to those of native meniscus. This study may lead to the development of tissue-engineered meniscus appropriate for clinical applications.