• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.314-320
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• 2020

Background: A diabetic foot is the most common cause of non-traumatic lower extremity amputations (LEA). The study seeks to assess the risk factors of amputation in patients with diabetic foot ulcers (DFU). Methods: The study was conducted on 351 patients with DFUs from January 2010 to December 2018. Their demographic characteristics, disease history, laboratory data, ankle-brachial index, Wagner classification, osteomyelitis, sarcopenia index, and ulcer sizes were considered as variables to predict outcome. A chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to test the relationship of the data gathered. Additionally, the subjects were divided into two groups based on their amputation surgery. Results: Out of the 351 subjects, 170 required LEA. The mean age of the subjects was 61 years and the mean duration of diabetes was 15 years; there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of these averages. Osteomyelitis (hazard ratio [HR], 6.164; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.561-10.671), lesion on percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (HR, 2.494; 95% CI, 1.087-5.721), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR; HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.981-0.999), ulcer size (HR, 1.247; 95% CI, 1.107-1.405), and forefoot ulcer location (HR, 2.475; 95% CI, 0.224-0.73) were associated with risk of amputation. Conclusion: Osteomyelitis, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, ulcer size, and forefoot ulcer location were risk factors for amputation in diabetic foot patients. Further investigation would contribute to the establishment of a diabetic foot risk stratification system for Koreans, allowing for optimal individualized treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.152-158
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• 2001

In this study, we determined major foods and food groups which contributed to the intake of folate in korean child-bearing women. Folate content of the major foods was also analyzed. A total of 91 healthy women with childbearing potential participated. They were divided into one of three groups by age; A (15∼24 yrs), B(25∼34 yrs) and C (35∼49 yrs). Food consumption data of the subjects were obtained by the 24-hr recall method. The rate of contribution of each food to the total intake of dietary folate was determined. Seventy major foods for folate were selected from the 178 foods they consumed. Two sets of the 70 foods were collected from different markets. After extracting folates from the foods by heating with a HEPES-CHES buffer, the samples were treated with α-amylase, protease and folate intakes was Korean cabbage kimchi followed by laver, soybean sprout, rice, yolmu kimchi, eggs, lettuce, perilla leaves, sea mustard and radish root. Food items that contributed to folate intake were slightly different among the age groups. Although the folate content of Korean cabbage kimchi was 51.6 ㎍/100g, but due to the high amount of intake, it was ranked the first major food prviding folate. High folate foods containing over 100㎍/100g were laver, corn flakes, spinach, mungbean, sesame, quail's eggs, small radish kimchi, kidney beans, leeks and peanuts. However, based on the serving size, spinach, corn flakes, leeks, sweet potato, pepper leaves, quail's eggs, crown daisy, small radish kimchi and perilla leaves contributed above 50㎍ of folate per serving size.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.417-421
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• 2009

This report describes the normal radiographic and ultrasonographic morphological features of premature minipigs at 4, 8, 12 and 20 weeks of age. Radiographic examination is a simple diagnostic method used to identify the general morphologic state of major organs and their adjacent structures, and to assess the presence of abnormalities. The parameters for evaluation in plain abdominal radiographs are the degree of diffuse serosal margin details, extent of visualization of each organ, their size, shape, and contour, locations of main organs - such as the liver, stomach, spleen, kidneys, urinary bladder - the distribution of the intestines, and assessment of the retroperitoneal space and its contents. Ultrasonographic examinations are used to investigate their internal condition. The parameters for evaluation in abdominal ultrasonography are echogenicity, echotexture, and size and shape of the main organs such as the liver, spleen, kidney, urinary bladder and gastrointestinal tract. Minipigs had similar findings compared to dogs or cats.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.299-304
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• 2010

To identify the treatment effect of lactic acid bacteria for diabetes, the treatment effects of a single administration of acarbose (a diabetes treatment drug) or lactic acid bacteria, and the mixture of acarbose and lactic acid bacteria on diabetes in a type 1 diabetes animal model, were studied. In this study, streptozotocin was inoculated into a Sprague-Dawley rat to induce diabetes, and sham control (Sham), diabetic control (STZ), STZ and composition with live cell, STZ and composition with heat killed cell, STZ and composition with drugs (acarbose) were orally administered. Then the treatment effect on diabetes was observed by measuring the body weight, blood glucose, and serum lipid. For the histopathological examination of the pancreas, the Langerhans islet of the pancreas was observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the renal cortex, outer medullar, and inner medullar were also observed. The induced diabetes decreased the body weight, and the fasting blood glucose level decreased in the lactic-acid-bacteria-administered group and the mixture-administered group. In addition, the probiotic resulted in the greatest decrease in the serum cholesterol level, which is closely related to diabetes. Also, the hematoxylin and eosin staining of the Langerhans islet showed that the reduction in the size of the Langerhans islet slowed in the lactic-acid-bacteria-administered group. The histopathological examination confirmed that the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy decreased in the group to which viable bacteria and acarbose were administered, unlike in the group to which dead bacteria was administered. The mixture of lactic acid bacteria and acarbose and the single administration of lactic acid bacteria or acarbose had treatment effects on the size of the Langerhans islet and of the kidney histopathology. Thus, it is believed that lactic acid bacteria have treatment effects on diabetes and can be used as supplements for the treatment of diabetes.

• Kosin Medical Journal
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.191-199
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• 2018

Objectives: We designed the study to compare the oncologic and renal function outcomes of off-clamp, laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (OCLPN) and conventional laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (HCLPN) for renal tumors. Methods: Between March 2008 and July 2015, 114 patients who underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) of a renal neoplasm were studied. We performed LPN without hilar clamp on 40 patients (OCLPN, Group 1), and conventional LPN with hilar control and renorrhaphy on another 40 patients (HCLPN, Group 2). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of each patient's age, sex, R.E.N.A.L. nephrometry score (RNS), operation time, complications, hospitalization period, tumor size, positive resection margin, histologic classification of tumor, pathologic stage, Fuhrman grade, estimated blood loss (EBL), warm ischemic time (WIT), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) before and one year after surgery. Results: There were no significant differences in age, sex, preoperative eGFR, EBL, surgical (anesthesia) time, and tumor size between the two groups. The mean eGFR was not significantly different between the OCLPN and HCLPN groups 1 month (95 and $86.2mL/min/1.73m^2$, respectively; P = 0.106), 6 months (92.9 and $83.6mL/min/1.73m^2$, respectively; P = 0.151) and 12 months (93.8 and $84.7mL/min/1.73m^2$, respectively; P = 0.077) postoperatively. The change in eGFR after one year was 3.9% in the OCLPN group and -7.9% in the HCLPN group. Conclusions: OCLPN was superior to HCLPN in preserving renal function one year after surgery, and there was no statistically significant difference in tumor treatment results.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.277-287
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• 1998

The present study is designed that the herb medicines which are returned to kidney, pancreas and are known by efficacy in growth are supplied to pigs, thereafter the effects to growth and secretion of growth hormone in serum is investigated. For this purpose the 24 days old pigs, which are crossbreeding, castrated are used. The conclusions are that after 4 weeks' supply of herb medicinal compounds, pigs' weight gain has increased in low nutritional group with statistical meaning(p〈0.05). And one day's weight gain has increased with statistical meaning(p〈0.05) in all groups. Regarding food take, the second nutritional group has more significant increase than control group. Utilization rate of nutrition doesn't have any statistical meaning in all groups, but it has the tendency that as herb medicinal compounds are added, utilization rate of nutrition is increased. Increase of vertebra lengths and level of growth hormone in serum according to supply of herb medicinal compound don't have any statistical meaning because of small sample size, but 10 - 20 % increase of vertebra lengths and 10 - 30 % increase of level of growth hormone are observed.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1051-1053
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• 1997

Malignant schwannoma is rare tumor which is derived from schwas cells or nerve sheath cells, and it is frequently associated with Von Rechlinghausen's disease. We experienced one case of malignant schwannoma on the right chest wall without Von Rechlinghausen's disease. Patient was 64-year-old man who presented painless palpable mass on the right lower -chest wall for about 2 months. On chest computed tomography, the mass which was 6$\times$6 cm in size and had central necrosis, involved 11th rib with destruction, invaded the diaphragm and displaced the kidney anteriorlly. He underwent on-bloc resection of the tumor and discharged without any problem after 20 days.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.125-137
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• 1986

Sprague-Dawley rats received subcutaneous injections of gentamicin sulfate, 50 and 100mg/kg for 3, 7 and 10 days. The hematological and blood chemical values were determined. Kidneys were examined histologically and ultrastructurally. The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The serum values of aspartate transaminase, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine in the rats administered gentamicin, 50 and 100mg/kg/day were significantly increased than those in the control. 2. The ratio of kidney weight to body weight was significantly increased in the rats injected gentamicin, 100mg/kg for 10 days than those in the control. 3. The brush borders of proximal convoluted tubules in the kindneys received gentamicin, 50 and 100mg/kg/day were decreased or absent in periodic acid-Schiff staining. 4. The necrosis of proximal convoluted tubules was shown in the rats given gentamicin, 50 and 100mg/kg for 7 and 10 days. 5. The regeneration of the proximal tubular epithelia was observed in the rats treated gentamicin, 100mg/kg for 10 days. 6. The number and size of lysosomes were increased in the proximal convoluted tubules of the rats injected gentamicin, 50mg/kg for 7 days, many of which contained myeloid bodies.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9113-9116
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• 2014

Purpose: : To assess the clinic value of application of laparospic ultrasonography (LU) in partial nephrectomy of small renal cell carcinoma. Materials and Methods: From 2007 to 2011, 28 small renal cell carcinoma patients in ou clinic underwent laparoscopic partial nephrectomy with LU. For comparison with preoperative conventional ultrasound and CT, we collected ultrasonic performance of the affected side kidney, renal tumor location, size, echo change, blood supply situation and the relationship with the surrounding tissue. Results: LU could more clearly show the tumor interior structure and blood supply, as well as the relationship with the surrounding tissue. It also can provided doctor assistance with real-time tumor resection, reducing operative complications. Conclusions: LU can clearly show tumor internal structure and blood supply, which is helpful for explicit diagnosis. Moreover, it supplies accurate information for surgeons and assists surgery. Therefore LU has an important guiding value in partial nephrectomy for small renal cell carcinoma.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.361-368
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• 2007

Biological samples can be fixed either by chemical method by using chemical solution or physical methods by using heat treatment. The problem in traditional heat fixation is unsatisfactory quality due to uneven heat conduction in specimen and loss of inner cell contents. Chemical fixation method also bears several intrinsic problems like the limit in specimen size, time consumption in fixative impregnation, and loss of low molecular weight cell components. These factors deteriorate the quality of fixed specimen, thus limit the magnification and contrast of tissue pictures. Microwave heat has been reported to be a good alternative to current chemical methods to overcome these problem. In this study, we tried to introduce the microwave energy method to routine fixation work in hospital. We replaced chemical fixative with saline to provide moderate reaction condition, and used frozen section to reduce time for sample preparation. Temperature was measured at each experiment. The fixation of rat kidney tissue with 2.45 GHz electromagnetic wave and saline showed similar result to the control group fixed with traditional chemical method. Human tumor tissue fixed with 2.45 GHz electromagnetic in frozen section was improved in terms of histochemistry of PAS and immunohistochemistry of tumor marker like cytokeratin. Total turnaround time was reduced from $24\sim38$ h to to $2\sim4$ h. In conclusion, the quality of samples prepared by microwave heating method was at least as good as that of traditional method. If the condition for the fixation of different specimens is standardized, this new method could be applied to routine work in hospital, and could save working time as well.