• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.92-101
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• 2003

Background ＆ Aims : The aim of this study was to investigate the change of dominant power with observation of gastric myoelectrical activity and its parameter linkage in electrogastrography. Methods : Electrogastrography was performed on a total of 123 subjects (113 patients with functional dyspepsia, 10 healthy controls) for 30 min in fasting state and 50 min in postprandial state. Average myoelectrical activity per frequency and accumulated electrical activity of 5 min duration in each bradygastria, normogastria, and tachygastria were measured at the moment of frequency switchover of slow wave. Assumed parameter linkages were also investigated among dominant frequency, ％ of normal regularity, and dominant power (or power ratio). Results : Average myoelectrical activity per frequency was highest in bradygastria (mean 1.10-1.47 Volt/s), next highest in normogastria (mean 0.50-0.82 Volt/s), and lowest in tachygastria (mean 0.44-0.47 Volt/s). Average accumulated myoelectrical activity was highest in normogastria (mean 114.90-126.29 Volt/ss), next highest in tachygastria (mean 71.02-90.00 Volt/ss), and lowest in bradygastria (mean 12.93-51.94 Volt/ss). Significance of parameter linkages were noted in dominant frequency (p< 0.01) and in ％ of normal regularity (p< 0.01), but not in dominant power in case of frequency shift from bradygastria to normogastria (p=0.376). Conclusion : Dominant power is not a parameter that reflects the gastric myoelectrical activity related with only gastric contraction. Bradygastric dominant power does not follow the inter-parameter linkage of electrogastrography for gastric motility assessment.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.41 no.9
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• pp.465-470
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• 1997

A chiral pentadentate ligand, 1,9-bis(S)-prolyl-1,9-dioxo-2,5,8-triaza-nonane, (S,S-prochen) which shows the stereospecific reaction was synthesized from the reaction of S-proline and diethylenetriamine (dien). The red-violet $[Co(SS-prodien)H_2O]ClO_4$ was prepared by the oxidation of the aqueous solution dissolving $CoCl_2{\cdot}6H_2O$ and S,S-prodien. Elemental analysis, electronic absorption spectroscopy, and $^{13}C-NMR$ spectroscopy suggest that the geometrical structure of the Co(III) complex to be an ${\alpha}{\beta}$ (ffm) form, where the dien moiety of the ligand chelates the metal center to comprise a facial isomer, and an aqua ligand coordinates a cis site to the secondary nitrogens of the dien. Based upon the CD spectroscopic analysis, it seems that the absolute configuration of the ${\alpha}{\beta}$(ffm)-$[Co(SS-prodien)H_2O]ClO_4$ has the ${\Lambda}$-form.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.355-362
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• 2000

The objective of this paper is to estimate the pollutant load based on event mear concentrations(EMC) in industrial complex. Eight sub-basins in the Chongju industrial complex were selected for sampling and study with different characteristics during the period from June 1997 to August 1998. During the storm events, measured EMC ranges of $BOD_5$, COD, SS, TKN, TP, HEM, $NO_3-N$, $PO_4-P$, Cr, Pb, Cu and Fe in the industrial complex watersheds were 11~176mg/L, 40~502mg/L, 23~633mg/L, 104~20.9mg/L, 0.22~7.51mg/L, 12.7~548.7mg/L, 0.06~2.66mg/L, 0.12~3.39mg/L, 0.01~0.50mg/L. 0.02~0.42mg/L, 0.01~0.15mg/L and 1.29~11.51mg/L respectively. And the calculated annual average pollutant unit loadings of $BOD_5$ COD, SS, TKN, $NO_3-N$, $PO_4-P$, TP, HEM, Cr, Pb, Cu and Fe were 374.4kg/ha/yr 924.1kg/ha/yr, 983.6kg/ha/yr, 48.8kg/ha/yr, 8.1kg/ha/yr, 9.7kg/ha/yr, 17.8kg/ha/yr 943.0kg/ha/yr, 0.7kg/ha/yr, 0.9kg/ha/yr, 0.3kg/ha/yr and 28.9kg/ha/yr, respectively.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.305-311
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study were to analysis of marginal adaptation of metal cores fabricated by selective laser sintering. Methods: Main model was prepared and ten stone models were fabricated. Ten single metal cores were fabricated by selective laser sintering(SLS group) and another ten single metal cores using lost wax technique and casting method were manufactured(CAST group). The marginal adaptation of metal cores were analysis using by the silicone replica technique. Silicone replicas were sectioned two times. The marginal adaptations were measured using by digital microscope. Statistical analyses was performed with independent t-test(${\bullet}{\cdot}=0.05$). Results: Means of marginal adaptations were 90.3 ${\ss}{\uparrow}$ for SLS group and 65.1 ${\ss}{\uparrow}$ for CAST group. Two groups were statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Marginal adaptation of metal cores fabricated by selective laser sintering were ranged within the clinical recommendation.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.332-340
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• 2007

Storm runoff from road contains significant loads of particulate and dissolved solids, organic constituents and metal elements. Micro particle is important when considering pollution mitigation because pollutant metal and organics have similar behavior with particles. The objective of this research is to evaluate the hydrodynamic filter separator performance for road storm runoff treatment. A various types of media such as perlite, granular activated carbon, zeolite were used for column test packing media and filter separator, and to determine the removal efficiency with various surface loading rate. As the results of column test, the highest SS removal efficiency was using mixed media(granular activated carbon, zeolite and perlite), and granular activated carbon mixed with zeolite has higher heavy metal removal efficiency than perlite. In laboratory scale hydrodynamic filter separator study, the operation ranges of surface loading rates were from 192 to 1,469 $m^3/m^2/day$. The estimated overall removal efficiencies of hydrodynamic filter separator for typical storm runoff were SS 48.1%, BOD 31.9%, COD 32.6%, TN 15.5%, and TP 17.3%, respectively. For the case of heavy metals, overall removal efficiencies were Fe 26.0%, Cu 19.4%, Cr 25.7, Zn 16.6%, and Pb 15.0%, respectively. The most appropriate medium for hydrodynamic filter separator was perlite mixed with granular activated carbon to treatment of road storm runoff.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2024

Over recent years, 6 Sigma has become a key methodology in manufacturing for quality improvement and cost reduction. However, challenges have arisen due to the difficulty in analyzing large-scale data generated by smart factories and its traditional, formal application. To address these limitations, a big data-based 6 Sigma approach has been developed, integrating the strengths of 6 Sigma and big data analysis, including statistical verification, mathematical optimization, interpretability, and machine learning. Despite its potential, the practical impact of this big data-based 6 Sigma on manufacturing processes and management performance has not been adequately verified, leading to its limited reliability and underutilization in practice. This study investigates the efficiency impact of DX SS, a big data-based 6 Sigma, on manufacturing processes, and identifies key success policies for its effective introduction and implementation in enterprises. The study highlights the importance of involving all executives and employees and researching key success policies, as demonstrated by cases where methodology implementation failed due to incorrect policies. This research aims to assist manufacturing companies in achieving successful outcomes by actively adopting and utilizing the methodologies presented.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2011

This study was performed to evaluate the water purification properties of bio-composites planting blocks using oyster shell and effective microorganism that have high absorption ability of heavy metals and organics to develop environmentally friendly river embankment technique contained various factors such as oyster shells, effective microorganism, porous concrete and planting embankment block. To maximize greening effect, the seeds were arbitrarily sown. In addition, in order to analyze the effect of water quality purification after the planting, the samples were collected from each designated zone 1, 7 and 30 days after steeping in water. Then, the samples were analyzed in terms of seven test items such as SS, BOD, COD, T-N, T-P, pH, etc. on the basis of the test method for water pollution. The following conclusions were reached from the test result. As a result of analysis for water quality purification for the concrete block containing the effective microorganism, it was found that the values for SS, BOD, T-N and T-P for the sample taken after 30 days were lower than the initial values, which indicated that the water purification effect had been created. The result of the water quality purification analysis for the concrete block containing oyster shell showed that the values for SS, BOD, COD and T-P for the sample taken after 30 days were lower than the initial values which also indicated that it had been effective in water quality purification.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.13-22
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• 2003

Objectives: CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) is known as the substance which decreases concentration of sarum lipid. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) on decreasing concentration of sarum lipid which are triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol in rat high cholesterol diet inducede hyperlipide rats. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups, Normal group(supplied enough water and feeds only. Normal Group), high fat diet administered group(AIN-76 high fat diet #100496 used beef tallow for 4 weeks, Control Group) and CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) administered group(AIN-76 high fat diet #100496 used beef tallow and CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) extracts 85.0mg/200g 1time/day for 4 weeks. SS Group). Rats were sacrificed and concentration of triglyceride, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol were measured in rat's sarum lipid Results: There was no significant difference in the level of waight between each experimental group(F=0.243, p=0.787, ANOVA test), Concentration of triglyceride has no significant difference in each group(F=0.210, p=0.813, ANOVA test). There was significant increase of total cholesterol in the Control group compared to those of Normal but there was no significant difference in the SS group compared to the Control group(F=5.237, p=0.0l9, ANOVA test). There was a significant increase of HDL-cholesterol in the SS group compared to the Control group and decrease in Control group compared Normal group(F= 11.437, p=0.001, ANDYA test). Concentration of LDL -cholesterol was significantly different in each group(F= 16.377, p=0.0001, ANDYA test). It was significantly increased in the Control group compared with the Normal group and it has no difference in the SS group compared to the control group. TBARS values(Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances) were significantly different in each group(F=5.242, p=0.0019, ANDYA test). It was significantly increased in the Control group compared with the Normal group and significantly decreased in SS group compared with the Control group. Conclusions: According to the above results, it is considered that CRATAEGII FRUCTUS(山査) is effective in decreaseing concentration of sarum lipid in high cholesterol diet induced hyperlipidemic rats.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.159-167
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• 2000

In recent years, combined and separated sewer overflows (CSOs, SSOs) have been recognized as a significant pollution problem. To solve this problem a series of experiments were performed in a small scale Rapid Floc Settler (RFS) device to determine its ability in removing micro particles and dissolved materials from polluted waters. The RFS device is a compact physico-chemical wasterwater treatment system. Polyacrylamide (PAM) is used as a coagulant for treating stormwater in the RFS. The results of Jar test showed that PAM could be an excellent coagulant as compared with aluminum sulfate. and ferric chloride. In several experimental conditions, the influence of different variation parameters was tested to measure the efficiency of the RFS. Tests have been carried out with typical CSOs concentrations (50~1.000mg SS/L). The treatment efficiency with regard to SS and COD, which can be obtained at an overflow rate of $130m^3/m^2/day$, are 90% and 80%, respectively. Comparing other sedimentation technologies with RFS, the overflows rate of RFS is ten times faster. The distribution of particle size and number were analyzed. The RFS is suitable for the treatment of CSOs and also the removal of settleable and dissolved materials in urban stormwater runoff.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1996.05b
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• pp.461-466
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• 1996

원전에서 가상적인 중대사고 발생시 격납용기 하부 캐비티에서 고온의 노심용융물과 콘크리트와의 반응시 생성되는 기체의 종류 및 양, 콘크리트 침식율 및 주변 열전달 특성은 중대사고 연구의 쟁점으로 이에 대한 많은 연구가 수행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 용융 유사물로 고온의 금속 용융물(SS304) 및 Thermite (Fe＋A1$_2$O$_3$)를 영광 3,4호기 원전에 사용한 콘크리트 시편에 부어 침식율, 생성가스 종류 및 주변 열전달 계수를 측정하였고 후에 MELCOR 로드내 MCCI 해석 부분인 CORCON MOD-3 코드와 비교할 계획이다. 본 논문에서는 MCCI scoping test의 실험 장치, 실험 방법 및 곁과를 소개하였다. 약 1$600^{\circ}C$ 의 SUS 304 용융물(10kg)은 충분치 않은 melt superheat와 용융물 이송과정시 열손실로 인해 침식이 거의 일어나지 않았으나, Thermite 실험에서는 측면 및 하부 방향으로 최대 2.7cm/min 의 침식율을 보였으며 하부방향으로의 최대 열유속은 약 3.1MW/$m^2$로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과 및 실험 기술은 차세대 원전의 중대사고 완화를 위한 원자로 캐비티 설계 실증실험에 응용될 예정이다.