• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권13호
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• pp.5319-5323
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of Ki-67 and subjective microvascular density (SMVD) indexes together with other factors in patients with oligodendroglioma. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, oligodendroglioma specimens obtained from twenty-five consecutive patients were evaluated for Ki-67 and SMVD indices to help determine histological grading and investigate the fidelity of these markers in clinical prognosis. Other potentially prognostic factors were Karnofsky performance scale, tumor histological grade, and adjuvant radiotherapy. Results: The Ki-67 proliferation index appeared to have a strong correlation with the grade of the tumor and the survival. Age, gender, adjuvant radiotherapy, surgical resection type (complete versus incomplete) did not have any influence on recurrence. The SMVD index correlated significantly with the 3 to 5-year survival. Conclusions: Ki-67 and MVD indexes are important and useful markers in estimating the prognosis of oligodendrogliomas.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.2559-2564
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• 2016

Purpose: To compare Ki-67 index and microvessel density MVD) in multiple myeloma and non-myeloma patients and their correlation with each other and other prognostic markers. Materials and Methods: Forty patients were enrolled in this study between 2011-2013, 30 with multiple myelomas and 10 with non-malignant disease as controls. Proliferative activity was analyzed by Ki-67 and microvessel density (MVC) was assessed by CD34 and compared between two groups. In myeloma patients, correlation between Ki-67, MVD and other prognostic factors was assessed by Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: According to Durie Salmon staging criteria, 13 patients were of stage 1, 5 of stage II and 12 of stage III. Ki-67 expression showed a positive correlation with MVD (r=0.729, p<0.001) and was significantly higher (p<0.0001) in myeloma patients (range 35-80%, mean 60.1 %) as compared to controls (range 8-25%, mean 18.1%). $MVD/mm^2$ was also significantly (p<0.0001) higher in myeloma patients (range $62-237/mm^2$, mean $178.0/mm^2$) than controls (range $5.2-50/mm^2$, mean $18.3/mm^2$). Ki-67 and MVD, both increased progressively with increasing stage of myeloma. Ki-67 showed significant positive correlation with blood urea and lactate dehydrogenase and a significant negative correlation with serum albumin. MVD showed a significant positive correlation with blood urea, lactate dehydrogenase, serum creatinine, ${\beta}2$ microglobulin and skeletal lesions. Conclusions: Ki-67 and MVD are indicators of aggressiveness and poor prognosis having significant correlation with each other and other prognostic markers of multiple myeloma. Routine assessment of these markers may help to identify high risk patients, who may benefit from with more aggressive therapy.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.91-96
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• 2006

목적: 일반적으로 DNA가 손상된 세포들은 사멸되거나 적절히 손상된 부위를 복구하여 항상성을 유지하거나, 손상된 DNA를 가지고 계속 증식하여 결국 암으로 진행한다. 그러므로 세포자멸사와 세포증식의 균형의 변화는 조직 항상성 및 암 발생의 중요한 조절기전이다. 이에 본 연구자들은 위샘종 또는 위샘암종 조직을 대상으로 세포 사멸 및 세포증식의 정도를 보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 내시경적으로 절제된 위샘종 41예, 외과 수술로 절제된 위샘암종 100예를 대상으로 면역조직화학적 검사를 시행하여 Ki-67 labelling 지수를 구하고, TUNEL 방법을 이용하여 세포자멸사 지수를 구하여 위샘종에서의 이형성 정도에 따른 발현도의 차이 및 위샘암종에서의 조직분류 및 병기에 따른 발현도의 차이를 관찰하였다. 결과: Ki-67 labelling 지수는 위샘종 $51.90{\pm}1.45$, 위샘암종 $55.33{\pm}0.94$로서 위샘암종에서 의의 있게 높았다(P<0.05). 세포자멸사 지수는 위샘종 $53.27{\pm}2.67$, 위샘암종 $42.41{\pm}1.32$로서 위샘종에서 의의 있게 높았다(P<0.05). 위샘종에서 이형성에 따른 Ki-67 labelling 지수 및 세포자멸사 지수는 차이가 없었다. 위샘암종에서 Ki-67 labelling 지수 및 세포자멸사 지수는 Lauren 분류법에 의한 장형과 미만형, 조기 위암과 진행성 위암, 림프절 전이 유무, TNM 분류에 따른 각 군 간의 통계학적 차이는 보이지 않았다. 결론: 샘암종에서의 세포자멸사 지수와 Ki-67 labelling 지수에 대한 연구에서 위샘종은 위샘암종보다 좀 더 정적인 결과를 보이고, 위암발생에서는 세포증식이 중요한 역할을 하나 이 두 지수가 위암의 조직학적 분류 및 병기에 따른 예후와는 관련이 없었다.

• 대한임상검사과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.178-184
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• 2004

This research focuses on the overall evaluation of tumor protein (p53) and cell growth marker (Ki-67) in their functions as carcinogenic factors in both a HPV-infected group and in a HPV-noninfected group with the precancerous dysplasia of uterine cervix. Histological grades were determined by the H&E staining and the expression level of p53 and Ki-67 were tested by the immunohistochemistry method. The results were as follows. Among the total of 66 cases, p53 (+) was observed in 19 cases (29.0%) from the mild grade group, 22 cases (33.0%) from the moderate grade group, and 19 cases (29.0%) from the severe grade group. The values correlate with the increase of dysplasia intensity in HPV-noninfected group and showed significant correlation (p<0.05), but there were no significant difference from the HPV-infected group. Among a total of 66 cases, the mitotic index of Ki-67 (+) were observed in 19 cases (29.0%) from the mild grade group, 22 cases (33.0%) from the moderate grade group, and 19 cases (29.0%) from the severe grade group. The values were significantly different against dysplasia intensity (p<0.05), but showed no significant difference from HPV infection. After cross comparing the statistical parameters of p53 and ki-67 in their significance, p53 was shown to be statistically significant with Ki-67 while there was no statistically significant difference with Ki-67 (p<0.05). Taken together, tumor protein (p53) and an index of Ki-67 observed in cervical dysplasia and in HPV related dysplasia of cervix uterine did not have any notable significance with HPV infection. The incidence rate of p53, however, had some significant correlation with dysplasia while Ki-67 had no particular statistical significance. As a result, p53 and Ki-67 can be considered as effective diagnostic markers in predicting the disease progression of dysplasia to cervical cancer.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.861-869
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• 2001

Objective : In this study, we investigated the relationship between the histologic grading of meningiomas and proliferative potentials determined by the Ki-67, proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) and flow cytometry (FCM) with the aim of determining whether these potentials can be used as a parameter to the proliferative activity, in particular of atypical and malignant meningiomas. Methods : This study consisted of 47 meningiomas(6 malignant, 14 atypical, and random sampled 27 benign meningiomas). By immunohistochemical staining of Ki-67 and PCNA on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections, the anti-human rabbit polyclonal antibody against Ki-67 antigen and anti-PCNA monoclonal antibody(PC10) scores were counted. FCM was also performed on paraffin-embedded tissue using a selective staining technique for DNA. DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction, and proliferative index(PI)) were determined. Results : The results are summarized as follows ; 1) Proliferation rates as assessed by Ki-67 and PCNA closely correlated with the degree of anaplastic histologic features. 2) Proliferative potentials determined by FCM(S-phase fraction and PI) were not able to distinguish between benign and atypical/malignant meningiomas. 3) DNA ploidy was not a useful indicator of histologic grade in these tumors. 4) Proliferative potentials such as Ki-67 staining index(SI) and PCNA SI did not correlate with the ploidy pattern. 5) There was a linear correlation between Ki-67 SI and PCNA SI, but we could not find a correlation between Ki-67 SI and S-phase fraction or PI. Our results also did not show a statistically signficant correlation between PCNA SI and S-phse fraction or PI. Conclusions : We conclude that evaluation of the proliferative potentials with Ki-67 and PCNA is important as an additional factor for the prediction of malignancy in meningiomas. A dual study of Ki-67 and PCNA SIs on the same tissue might improve the accuracy with which the proliferative potential of a tumor can be predicted. We demonstrated that FCM in meningiomas is not valuable in predicting the behavior of these neoplasms, but we did observe a trend toward more malignancy with higher percent S-phase fraction and higher PI. Analysis of the S-phase fraction and PI might therefore be a useful tool to discriminate among histologic grades of meningiomas.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.465-477
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• 2000

목적: Thallim-201 ($^{201}Tl$) 뇌 SPECT와 proton ($^1H$) magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)는 뇌 신경교종의 악성도와 치료 후 종양의 생존여부를 평가하기 위하여 사용되어 왔다. 우리는 뇌 신경교종에서 $^{201}Tl$ brain 지수와 $^1H$ MRS 소견을 비교하여 보고 병리조직소견과 잘 일치하는지를 알아보고자 이 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: 성상교세포종 4예, 미분화 성상교세포종 7예, 다형성 교모세포종 6예 등 모두 17예를 대상으로 하였다. $^{201}Tl$ 뇌 SPECT에서 $^{201}Tl$ 지수는 병변에 관심영역을 설정하고 계수한 평균값을 반대측 뇌에 관심영역을 설정하고 계수한 평균값으로 나누어 구하였다. $^1H$ MRS에서는 뇌종양 중앙에서 choline (Cho)/creatine (Cr) 비와 N-acetylaspartate (NAA)/Cr 비를 구하였다. 병리조직학으로는 Ki-67 지수, 세포충실도 유사분열정도, 다형태성정도, 괴사 및 내피생성정도 등을 검사하였다. 통계방법으로는 unpaired t test와 상관관계분석을 사용하였다. 결과: $^{201}Tl$-지수는 Ki-67 지수와 좋은 상관관계가 있는 것으로 판명되었고 (p<0.01), 세포 충실도, 유사분열정도 및 내피 생성정도 등과도 어느 정도 상관성이 있었다. 하지만 $^1H$ MRS 결과나 다형태성 및 괴사정도와는 무관하였다. $^1H$ MRS와 일치하는 병리소견이 없었다. 다형성교모세포종인 경우에는 성상교세포종보다 높은 $^{201}Tl$-지수, Cho/Cr 비, Ki-67 지수 등을 나타내었고 낮은 NAA/Cr 비를 나타내었지만 통계적인 의미는 없었다. 결론: 비록 $^{201}Tl$ 뇌 SPECT와 $^1H$ MRS가 악성 뇌교종과 양성 뇌교종을 직접적으로 감별해 낼 수는 없었다. 하지만 $^{201}Tl$ 지수는 여러 가지 병리소견을 대변하므로 종양의 생물학적 생활성이나 환자의 예후 평가 등에 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• Journal of Gastric Cancer
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.173-179
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• 2011

Purpose: It is difficult to obtain biopsies from gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) prior to surgery because GISTs are submucoal tumors, despite being the most common nonepithelial neoplasms of the gastrointestinal tract. Unlike anatomic imaging techniques, PET-CT, which is a molecular imaging tool, can be a useful technique for assessing tumor activity and predicting the malignant potential of certain tumors. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the usefulness of PET-CT as a pre-operative prognostic factor for GISTs by analyzing the correlation between the existing post-operative prognostic factors and the maximum SUV uptake (SUVmax) of pre-operative 18F-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose (FDG) PET-CT. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on 26 patients who were diagnosed with gastric GISTs and underwent surgery after being examined with pre-operative FDG PET-CT. An analysis of the correlation bewteen (i) NIH risk classification and the Ki-67 proliferation index, which are post-operative prognostic factors, and (ii) the SUVmax of PET-CT, which is a pre-operative prognostic factor, was performed. Results: There were significant correlations between (i) SUVmax and (ii) Ki-67 index, tumor size, mitotic count, and NIH risk group (r=0.854, 0.888, 0.791, and 0.756, respectively). The optimal cut-off value for SUVmax was 3.94 between "low-risk malignancy" and "high-risk malignancy" groups. The sensitivity and specificity of SUVmax for predicting the risk of malignancy were 85.7% and 94.7%, respectively. Conclusions: The SUVmax of PET-CT is associated with Ki-67 index, tumor size, mitotic count, and NIH classification. Therefore, it is believed that PET-CT is a relatively safe, non-invasive diagnostic tool for assessing malignant potential pre-operatively.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제49권1호
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• pp.26-30
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• 2011

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to perform a retrospective evaluation of the radiological and pathological features influencing the formation of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE) in meningiomas. Methods: The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and pathology data for 86 patients with meningiomas, who underwent surgery at our institution between September 2003 and March 2009, were examined. We evaluated predictive factors related to peritumoral edema including gender, tumor volume, shape of tumor margin, presence of arachnoid plane, the signal intensity (SI) of the tumor in T2-weighted image (T2WI), the WHO histological classification (GI, GII/GIII) and the Ki-67 antigen labeling index (LI). The edema-tumor volume ratio was calculated as the edema index (EI) and was used to evaluate peritumoral edema. Results: Gender (p=0.809) and pathological finding (p=0.084) were not statistically significantly associated with peritumoral edema by univariate analysis. Tumor volume was not correlated with the volume of peritumoral edema. By univariate analysis, three radiological features, and one pathological finding, were associated with PTBE of statistical significance: shape of tumor margin (p=0.001), presence of arachnoid plane (p=0.001), high SI of tumor in T2WI (p=0.001), and Ki-67 antigen LI (p=0.049). These results suggest that irregular tumor margins, hyperintensity in T2WI, absence of arachnoid plane on the MRI, and high Ki-67 LI can be important predictive factors that influence the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas. By multivariate analysis, only SI of the tumor in T2WI was statistically significantly associated with peritumoral edema. Conclusion: Results of this study indicate that irregular tumor margin, hyperintensity in T2WI, absence of arachnoid plane on the MRI, and high Ki-67 LI may be important predictive factors influencing the formation of peritumoral edema in meningiomas.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.3903-3909
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• 2016

Purpose: To evaluate the expression of Her2/neu and Ki-67 in benign and malignant gallbladder lesions, and to establish correlations with clinico-pathologic parameters. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) benign (n=25) and malignant gallbladder (n=25) tissue samples. Hematoxylin and eosin stained slides of each case were reviewed for: type of malignancy (whether adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, or any other type), grade (well, moderate, and poor), depth of invasion, pre-neoplastic changes in adjacent mucosal epithelium like metaplasia and dysplasia. Immunohistochemistry for Her 2 neu and Ki-67 was performed and data analysis was conducted using SPSS 17 software. Chi-square test was used to compare categorical/dichotomous variables. P value of ${\leq}0.05$ was considered significant. Results: The difference of Her 2 neu expression and Ki67 index between benign and malignant groups was found to be statistically significant. Her2/neu positivity did not have any significant correlation with various clinicopathological parameters other than liver involvement. 5 cases of gallbladder cancer showed both Her2/neu and Ki67 positivity. Ten cases were Ki67 positive but Her2/neu negative while one case was Her2/neu positive but Ki67 negative. Conclusions: The present study demonstrated overexpression of Her2/neu and Ki67 in gallbladder cancer. A trend of decreasing Her2/neu expression with increasing grade of tumor was observed. Furthermore, greater Ki67 positivity was found in cases with lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Future studies with a larger number of patients will be required to precisely define the correlation of Her2/neu expression and Ki67 positivity with clinicopathological parameters. The results however are encouraging and suggest evaluation of Her2/neu as a candidate for targeted therapy.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-46
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• 2010

Background and Objectives Various tumor markers have been studied in an attempt to evaluate and decide the optimal treatment of the patients with head and neek squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). A nuclear antigen Ki-67 is a proliferative marker of tumor cells in all phases of cell cycle except G0. c-met gene, the tyrosine kinase receptor for hepatocyte growth tactor, may play various roles in malignant transformation. The authors evaluated the prognostic significance of Ki-67 and c-Met in surgical specimens of HNSCC to determine the relationship with the various clinicopathological characteristics. Materials and Methods Formatin-fixed paraffin-embedded surgical specimens were obtained from 54 patients with HNSCC. Ki-67 and c-Met expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemical staning and were compared with the clinicopathological characteristics such as, pathologic differentiation, tumor stage, clinical stage and lymph node metastasis. Results Ki-67 and c-Met over-expression was detected in 66.7% and 90.7% in HNSCC. There was positive correlation of increased expression of Ki-67 with tumor stage. and clinical stage, increased expression of e-Met with tumor stage, clinical stage, and nodal status. The expression of c-Met had a significant positive relationship with Ki-67 index (p<0.05). Conclusion Therefore, Ki-67 and c-Met are useful markers of tumor progression, aggressiveness and prognosis in HNSCC.