• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.71-78
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• 2005

The purpose of this research was to conduct an analysis on the factors that determine the distance at the time of target swing based on the use of late hitting of outstanding college golfers to verify the difference between late hitting and the distance that target increases in regular swing and the distance. Then, this research conducts an analysis on the correlation between club head velocity, ball velocity, launch angle, back spin, meet ratio and distance that become kinematics variables at the time of target swing. To attain the above mentioned purpose, 25 outstanding college players with average experience and handicap of 6 years and 5, respectively, were targeted Comparative analysis on two swing that target increase in regular and the distance was conducted by used driver. When it pertained to two types of swing. analysis system comprised of an analytical software called the Science Eye of the Bridgestone and peripheries was used to define the relationship between variables of club head velocity, ball velocity, launch angle, back spin, meet ratio that become kinematics variables. As for the method of processing data pertaining to the factors that determine the distance, differences of distance by the type of swing was verified by using independent T-test that leveraged SPSS 120 statistics program. Moreover, level of correlation between variables that contribute to the increase in distance through relation of correlation, and analysis of tendencies was conducted to analyze tendency of non-distance to increase in accordance to the increase of each variable. Key results produced through this experiment are as follows: 1. Artificial late hitting for increased non-distance that targets skilled players had effect on increased the distance(p<. 05). 2 The drive distance is correlated with each measured variable that is positive correlation to ball velocity, club head velocity, meet ratio and relation of back spin and launch angle are negative correlation. ball velocity and club head velocity are very high correlated with drive distance(p<.01), back spin and distance are negative correlation(p<.01). 3. Among each measured variable increasing the club velocity is the most contribution, and ball velocity and meet ratio and the increasing launch angle and back spin is negative effect for increasing distance.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.601-609
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• 2020

This study aims to draw suggestions for establishing the Post-2020 national policy direction and goals related to protected areas in Korea by analyzing the trends of major discussion issues on protected areas in the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) and reviewing the achievement progress of the Aichi target-11. Regarding the CBD decisions on protected areas, two decisions (Decisions II/7 and II/8) were adopted in 1995, and then the Program of Work on Protected Areas (PoWPA), which presented an ideal blueprint for protected areas, was adopted at the 7th Conference of the Parties (COP) in 2004. At the 10th COP in 2010, the "Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020 and the Aichi Biodiversity Target" (Decision X/2) was adopted along with the Decision X/31, which presented ten key issues related to protected areas. The global outcomes of the Aichi Target-11 include 15% of the earth's land area and 7.4% of the ocean being designated as protected areas. In Korea, 16.63% of the land and 2.12% of the ocean have been designated as protected areas. However, the outcomes of the effective and equitable management, protection of areas important to biodiversity and ecosystem services, and identifying "Other effective area-based conservation measures" (OECMs) and linking them with protected areas have been found to be significantly short of global goals. The first draft of the Post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (Post-2020 GBF) prepared in January 2020 presented multi-step objectives. They included protecting at least 60% of particularly important sites for biodiversity through protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, at least 30% of the entire land and sea areas, and at least 10% of them under strict protection by 2030. The Updated Zero drafted in August 2020 concisely set out one quantitative goal of at least 30% of the globe by 2030, adding qualitative goals that these areas should be protected and conserved through "well connected and effective system of protected areas and OECMs at least 30 % of the planet with the focus on areas particularly important for biodiversity." Based on the draft Post-2020 GBF's targets related to protected areas and Korea's national targets reflecting the current state of Korea and established national plans, we suggest the national targets "to protect and conserve at least 30% of the land area and 10% of the marine area and to strengthen the means of qualitative achievement by establishing sub-targets through an effective system of protected areas and OECMs by 2030.".

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.33-39
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• 2022

Recently, cyberattacks on infrastructure have been continuously occurring with the starting of neutralizing the user authentication function of information systems. Accordingly, the vulnerabilities of system are increasing day by day, such as the increase in the vulnerabilities of the encryption system. In this paper, an alternative technique for the symmetric key algorithm has been developed in order to build the encryption algorithm that is not easy for beginners to understand and apply. Vigenere Cipher is a method of encrypting alphabetic text and it uses a simple form of polyalphabetic substitution. The encryption application system proposed in this study uses the simple form of polyalphabetic substitution method to present an application model that integrates the three steps of encryption table creation, encryption and decryption as a framework. The encryption of the original text is done using the Vigenère square or Vigenère table. When applying to the automatic generation of secret keys on the information system this model is expected that integrated authentication work, and analysis will be possible on target system. ubstitution alphabets[3].

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.54-62
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• 2008

International organizations related to air transport such as ICAO, IATA, ACI are forecasting that the number of passenger will grow about 4.4% annually up to 2015. Therefore, the innovation of given system technology and operation procedure is required in global scale to cope with the increase of air traffic demand. CNS/ATM infrastructure based on satellite is considered to play key role in order to solve the problems due to the dramatic increase of air traffic demand over the world. Free flight concept in the air transport operation has been proved with CNS/ATM infrastructure especially in USA and Europe. Therefore, it is necessary to develop key technologies to overcome technology gap and to secure international competitiveness in Korea. ADS-B is an important issue, and new element technologies should be considered as essential items which were shown in Capstone project. Nowadays, the free flight concept is combined to Air Transport Road Map such as NextGen project in USA, SESAR in Europe. In this process, free flight is included in the concepts such as ATM(Air Traffic Management), aviation security and safety, environmental protection and economy development, wide area weather variable reduction service, information integration and application between the related authorities (civil/military) etc. The purpose of research is to establish mid-term and long-term infrastructure plan and strategy for free flight realization in Korea. The analysis of action target and equipment construction status, phase construction plan of infrastructure has been performed by considering mid-term and long-term free flight plans of USA and Europe.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.3-21
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• 2011

In this study, several experiments were designed to test the effectiveness of social media in export marketing. In particular, the experiments were made using Twitter and Facebook. The results showed that users' interest were able to increase the effects combined with B2B and B2C marketing events. The B2C marketing events could be made by personal target Event, Poll event, guest comments and social commerce. The B2B marketing was performed using Page Manager, Affiliate page, building and affiliate marketing group. Special features of Facebook such as social plug-in, Twitter integration, and Photo Tagging were found effective. A couple of implications were found in this study. First, the link between social media channel system was key success factor in effective export marketing. Second, the corporate marketing mix and social media consistent with the marketing mix strategy, communication between the managers and the managers' competencies were obtained for the key success factors.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2023

Spinal nerve injury causes mechanical allodynia and structural imbalance of neurotransmission, which were typically associated with calcium overload. Storeoperated calcium entry (SOCE) is considered crucial elements-mediating intracellular calcium homeostasis, ion channel activity, and synaptic plasticity. However, the underlying mechanism of SOCE in mediating neuronal transmitter release and synaptic transmission remains ambiguous in neuropathic pain. Neuropathic rats were operated by spinal nerve ligations. Neurotransmissions were assessed by whole-cell recording in substantia gelatinosa. Immunofluorescence staining of STIM1 with neuronal and glial biomarkers in the spinal dorsal horn. The endoplasmic reticulum stress level was estimated from qRT-PCR. Intrathecal injection of SOCE antagonist SKF96365 dose-dependently alleviated mechanical allodynia in ipsilateral hind paws of neuropathic rats with ED₅₀ of 18 ㎍. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that STIM1 was specifically and significantly expressed in neurons but not astrocytes and microglia in the spinal dorsal horn. Bath application of SKF96365 inhibited enhanced miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents in a dosage-dependent manner without affecting miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Mal-adaption of SOCE was commonly related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the central nervous system. SKF96365 markedly suppressed ER stress levels by alleviating mRNA expression of C/ EBP homologous protein and heat shock protein 70 in neuropathic rats. Our findings suggested that nerve injury might promote SOCE-mediated calcium levels, resulting in long-term imbalance of spinal synaptic transmission and behavioral sensitization, SKF96365 produces antinociception by alleviating glutamatergic transmission and ER stress. This work demonstrated the involvement of SOCE in neuropathic pain, implying that SOCE might be a potential target for pain management.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.95-109
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to analyze the container terminal operation by considering the key factors that fluctuates the container traffic volume using the System Dynamics (SD) method. The target area of this study is the 'A' container terminal which is located in the Port of Incheon and the simulation period is from 2004 to 2020. As evaluation indexes for container terminal operation, three factors such as 'total sales', 'operating ratio of C/Y' and 'operating ratio of G/C' are selected, and as for the key factors of fluctuating container traffic volume, 'variation ratio of world trade', 'variation ratio of trade among three countries in North-East Asia' and 'variation ratio of won-dollar rate are used. As of 2020, the result of this study is that import-export container traffic volume increases almost 880,000TEU and total sales and operating ratio of G/C each reach 7.1 bilion won and 65 percent. No changes however in loadage and operating ratio of C/Y in 'A' container terminal are indicated. The reason is that capability of C/Y is exceeded. Therefore this study suggest that decision-makers of 'A' container terminal realize the importance of additional space of C/Y.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.10 no.9
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• pp.1001-1008
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• 2015

This paper introduces the architecture of the power supply in order to achieve the safety integrity target for power supply which is a part of safety related system. The integrity level for safety is set 4 and according to the IEC 62425 which is standard for railway application the architecture design is conducted and process for design is developed. The procedure for design consists with 6 steps. The architecture of power supply that is able to keep the safety integrity against of failure of power supply is derived through the analysis and it is suggested that the power supply adopted the result in this paper is suitable to apply in safety system. Also, the failure frequency that is a quantitative value for the power supply is proposed.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.11-21
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• 2020

This study aims to develop and advance the evaluation technology for assessing PHWR safety. For this purpose, the complete loss of AC power or station blackout (SBO) was selected as a target accident scenario and the analysis model to evaluate the plant responses was envisioned into the MARS-KS input model. The model includes the main features of the primary heat transport system with a simplified model for the horizontal fuel channels, the secondary heat transport system including the shell side of steam generators, feedwater and main steam line, and moderator system. A steady state condition was achieved successfully by running the present model to check out the stable convergence of the key parameters. Subsequently, through the SBO transient analyses two cases with and without the coolant leakage via the PHTS pumps were simulated and the behaviors of the major parameters were compared. The sensitivity analysis on the amount of the coolant leakage by varying its flow area was also performed to investigate the effect on the system responses. It is expected that the results of the present study will contribute to upgrading the evaluation technology of the detailed thermal hydraulic analysis on the SBO transient of the operating PHWRs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.821-832
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• 2011

Recently, the noise of vehicle is the one of the key factors for customers to purchase a vehicle and the most important part which is related to the noise is the exhaust system. Thus, car makers have their own ways to assess this exhaust noise not only to decrease the level of noise but to enhance the feeling of it. Typically, to do these things in the early stage of development, the tuning code of the exhaust system has to be made by CAE tool, which is very reliable but expensive, and the prototype parts of this code would be made for the validation test. Then this process can be iterated to meet the target of the performance. In this study, a new algorithm which adapts the '3 dimensional convective sound wave theory 'and 'Doppler effect' has been developed. With this new algorithm, a brand new system for the calculation of tail pipe noise has been developed and validated by acoustic wind tunnel test. As a result of this study, various comparisons and have been carried out, for example, the comparison with other CAE tool has been performed for the validity and the improvement of the new calculation code could be achieved.