• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.1525-1531
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• 2015

Using next-generation sequencing, we conducted a genome-wide scan of selective sweeps associated with selection toward genetic improvement in Thoroughbreds. We investigated potential phenotypic consequence of putative candidate loci by candidate gene association mapping for the finishing time in 240 Thoroughbred horses. We found a significant association with the trait for Ral GApase alpha 2 (RALGAP2) that regulates a variety of cellular processes of signal trafficking. Neighboring genes around RALGAP2 included insulinoma-associated 1 (INSM1), pallid (PLDN), and Ras and Rab interactor 2 (RIN2) genes have similar roles in signal trafficking, suggesting that a co-evolving gene cluster located on the chromosome 22 is under strong artificial selection in racehorses.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.244-248
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• 2021

A 10-year-old Thoroughbred mare was referred to the Jeju National University Equine Hospital with roaring, dyspnea, and weight loss. On endoscopic examination, the horse was diagnosed with right arytenoid chondritis. Surgical treatment was selected due to the failure of a previous medical treatment. Permanent tracheostomy was performed in a standing position. The horse was restrained and tied in a proper position in the stock. The cranial parts of the 2nd to 5th tracheal cartilages were resected, as were the associated skin, mucosa, muscle, and cartilages. After the stoma was formed, external mucosa and skin were sutured using a simple interrupted method. The horse was hospitalized for 22 days receiving postoperative care including antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, dressing as required, and was pregnant six months after the surgery. A permanent tracheostomy is thought to be effective in horses with diseases causing upper respiratory tract obstruction.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.199-203
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• 2021

A 4-year-old Thoroughbred mare was brought to the Korea Racing Authority Equine Hospital with heightened sensitivity to touch of the hindquarter, reluctance to step forward, frequent urination even during training, clitoral winking, tail swinging, tail lifting, and training difficulties due to being in constant heat. The trainer claimed that she was in heat and exhibited reduced performance. Physical and lameness examinations revealed no abnormality. Rectal palpation and transrectal ultrasonography revealed normal reproductive organs and estrus. As she exhibited typical estrous behavior without any other physical conditions, the mare was considered to express undesirable estrous behavior. An intrauterine glass ball was inserted into the mare on ovulation day. However, the estrous behaviors were reduced unsatisfactorily. Additionally, 1 mL of peanut oil was administered on the 10th day after the intrauterine device insertion. The mare returned to training and expressed no undesirable estrous behavior over 30 days after the peanut oil treatment. However, further follow-ups were not conduct as the mare was retired to a farm after a limb injury occurred during training. This is the first report of undesirable estrous behavior in a Thoroughbred mare under the rules of racing in Korea. It is recommended that equine clinicians in Korea consider peanut oil as a therapeutic agent to control mares' estrous behavior-related problems.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.659-669
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• 2022

Objective: Thoroughbred horses have been bred exclusively for racing in England for a long time. Additionally, because horse racing is a global sport, a healthy leisure activity for ordinary citizens, and a high-value business, systematic racehorse breeding at the population level is a requirement for continuous industrial development. Therefore, we established genomic evaluation system (using prize money as horse racing traits) to produce spirited, agile, and strong racing horse population Methods: We used phenotypic data from 25,061 Thoroughbred horses (all registered individuals in Korea) that competed in races between 1994 and 2019 at the Korea Racing Authority and constructed pedigree structures. We quantified the improvement in racehorse breeding output by year in Korea, and this aided in the establishment of a high-level horse-fill industry. Results: We found that pedigree-based best linear unbiased prediction method improved the racing performance of the Thoroughbred population with high accuracy, making it possible to construct an excellent Thoroughbred racehorse population in Korea. Conclusion: This study could be used to develop an efficient breeding program at the population level for Korean Thoroughbred racehorse populations as well as others.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.157-162
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• 2020

A 6-year-old Thoroughbred mare presented to the Korea Racing Authority Equine Hospital with dropping of the left front fetlock due to an injury sustained while racing. Radiographic examination revealed a comminuted fracture of both proximal sesamoid bones of the affected fetlock. Arthrodesis of the fetlock joint using a broad dynamic compression plate with a tension band wire was performed as a salvage procedure for the future use as a broodmare. After surgery, however, a delayed union of the bones and surgical site infection was present for a prolonged period. Staphylococcus aureus was persistently identified from the surgical site, and antimicrobial therapies were based on antibiotic sensitivity tests, including regional perfusions. The removal and replacement of surgical implants associated with seropurulent discharge was based on coordinating the development of fetlock ankylosis and infection control over 13 months. Firstly, seven screws associated with surgical drainage were replaced and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and local antibiotics were placed into the surgical site to accelerate bone fusion at postoperative month 7. Further six screws, along with drainage, were removed at postoperative month 10. The plate and screws were removed from the limb due to the progression of bone fusion at postoperative month 13; BMP-2 and local antibiotics were also used. Delayed healing of arthrodesis due to surgical site infection and implant instability were treated by implant removals and antibiotic therapies, and the horse eventually showed improved weight-bearing ability of the affected limb.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.194-197
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• 2010

14세의 거세 마장마술마가 기침, 빈호흡, 점액농성의 비루를 호소하여 한국마사회 말보건원 동물병원에 내원하였다. 일반적인 광범위 항생제 치료를 3주간 실시하였으나 임상증상은 오히려 악화되었다. 이후 환자는 심한 기침과 점액농성의 비루, 빈호흡을 동반한 노력성 호흡, 운동능력저하 등의 임상증상과 기관세척액세포검사에서 심한 호중구성 염증이 관찰되어 만성폐쇄성폐질환으로 진단되었다. 마방 내 공기정화 노력과 병행한 3주간의 전신 글루코콜티코이드 치료를 실시한 결과 치료 후 임상증상이 현저히 개선되었다. 본 증례는 국내 말에서 다발하는 만성호흡기질환 중비감염성염증인 만성폐색성폐질환의 존재 가능성을 시사하였다. 향후 질병 발생 예방을 위해 말 사육 환경 내 존재하는 항원의 조사와 질병 발생율 조사가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
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• pp.3-3
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• 2011

After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Kra-Araks Basin (KAB) became an international river basin with respect to the South Caucasus states of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. However, there are no agreements regarding water allocation, water quality, or ecosystem maintenance among the aforementioned riparians. The main water problems in the basin include not only water quantity and quality, but also the lack of joint management. The aforementioned countries share many similar circumstances: location in a politically unstable but strategic region bureaucratic and structural issues; and more importantly, ongoing ethnic and related conflicts. Despite these obstacles, the countries recognize that they depend greatly on the basin, whose waters they must share. To that end, they proposed and participated in the joint NATO-OSCE South Caucasus River Monitoring (SCRMP) project between 2002 and 2009.The SCRMP sought to investigate and characterize the surface water quality in the KAB by providing equipment and training to all three countries. Several years' worth of water quality data were collected in the KAB: major ions; heavy metals; POPs (persistent organic pollutants); and radionuclides; The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (primary funder) and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europesupported the SCRMP not only to build capacity but also to promote cooperation and minimize conflict over water and other resources, thus providing a measure of security for Europe and other regions. The South Caucasus is a strategically-important region, functioning as a bridge between Asia and Europe. Energy-rich Azerbaijan seeks to become a key player in trade by serving as a transportation and energy hub between the energy and mineral-rich Central Asian KUT countries (Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan) and Western Asia, Europe, and other areas. The presentation will summarize the scientific results of the SCRMP, elucidate the regional water-energy-security nexus, discuss future work in the region, and explain why the world needs to be concerned about the KAB and the entire South Caucasus.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.741-746
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• 2008

본 연구는 한국마사회로부터 수집한 8,197두의 경주기록 총 155,656개를 이용하여 더러브렛 경주마의 체중변화가 주파기록에 미치는 효과를 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 국내 더러브렛 경주마의 평균 체중은 449kg 이었으며, 거세말, 수말과 암말의 평균 체중은 각각 460kg, 454kg과 441kg으로 수말의 체중이 가장 높게 나타났다. 암말의 경우 체중의 감소는 3월, 4월과 5월사이에 가장 크게 나타나며, 수말과 거세마의 경우 5월, 6월과 7월에 체중의 감소가 가장 크게 나타났다. 전반적으로 경주마의 체중은 봄과 여름에 감소하며, 가을과 겨울에 증가하는 현상을 나타내었다. 주파기록에 대한 유전력과 반복력은 각각 0.237과 0.525였으며, 체중에 대한 유전력은 0.612로 추정되었다. 직전 경주 대비 체중의 변화가 ±10kg 이상일 때 주파기록은 현저히 증가하였으며, 직전 경주 대비 체중의 변화가 ±20kg인 경우는 ±5kg인 경우와 비교했을 때 주파기록의 차이가 0.3초 정도 증가하였다. 체중의 변화가 체중에 비례하여 ±0.5% 정도 변화하였을 때 주파기록이 가장 우수하였으며, 체중의 변화가 체중 대비 ±2.5% 이상이 되면 경주능력은 현저히 감소하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.102-107
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• 2014

본 연구는 한국마사회 동물병원에서 시행한 전신마취 결과를 분석하고 마취 중 후에 발생한 사망률에 영향을 미치는 인자를 찾기 위하여 실시되었다. 총585두의 환마에서 전신마취가 실시되었으며, 수술의 빈도는 정형외과 수술(410)이 가장 많이 실시되었고, 산통 수술(85), 호흡기 수술(45) 순이었다. 585두 중 20두가 마취 중 후에 죽거나 안락사 되었다. 20두 중 14두는 산통 수술을 받았고, 3두는 정형외과 수술, 3두는 호흡기 수술을 받았다. 세부 사망원인으로는 산통 수술에서는 장파열, 호흡기 수술에서는 기도폐색이었다. 정형외과 수술에서는 근육병증, 재골절, 제엽염이 안락사의 원인이었다. 결과적으로 산통 수술과 호흡기 수술 후의 사망률은 정형외과 수술 후보다 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.01). 이상의 결과로부터, 산통수술을 받는 말의 사망률이 가장 높은 것을 확인하였으며, 그 원인은 예후불량에 의한 안락사이었다. 말의 마취 전후 사망률을 낮추기 위하여, 산통 수술을 받는 말은 수술 전후의 집중 관리가 필요하고, 호흡기 수술을 받는 말은 회복 중 주의 깊은 관찰이 추천된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.771-781
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• 2015

Thoroughbred, a relatively recent horse breed, is best known for its use in horse racing. Although myostatin (MSTN) variants have been reported to be highly associated with horse racing performance, the trait is more likely to be polygenic in nature. The purpose of this study was to identify genetic variants strongly associated with racing performance by using estimated breeding value (EBV) for race time as a phenotype. We conducted a two-stage genome-wide association study to search for genetic variants associated with the EBV. In the first stage of genome-wide association study, a relatively large number of markers (~54,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, SNPs) were evaluated in a small number of samples (240 horses). In the second stage, a relatively small number of markers identified to have large effects (170 SNPs) were evaluated in a much larger number of samples (1,156 horses). We also validated the SNPs related to MSTN known to have large effects on racing performance and found significant associations in the stage two analysis, but not in stage one. We identified 28 significant SNPs related to 17 genes. Among these, six genes have a function related to myogenesis and five genes are involved in muscle maintenance. To our knowledge, these genes are newly reported for the genetic association with racing performance of Thoroughbreds. It complements a recent horse genome-wide association studies of racing performance that identified other SNPs and genes as the most significant variants. These results will help to expand our knowledge of the polygenic nature of racing performance in Thoroughbreds.