• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.286-291
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• 1990

The antibiotics KG-1167A and KG-1167B were isolated from the fermentation broth of the bacterial strain KH-1167, identified as Cloetridium sp. The individual antibiotics, KG-1167A & KG-1167B were separated and purified by solvent extraction followed by silica gel column chromatography. These antibiotics showed antibacterial activities against broad spectrum of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The physico-chemical properties and UV spectra suggest that they possess aromatic moiety in their structures.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.292-295
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• 1990

The bacterial strain KH-1167, identified as Ctoetridiunt sp. was found to produce the antibiotics KG-1167A & KG-1167B which showed a broad spectrum antibacterial activity. The highest antibiotics production was obtained in fermentation medium containing glucose, casamino acid and salt complex solution. Optimum culture condition for the maximum production of the antibiotics was also determined. Antibiotic productivity of the Clostridium sp. KH-1167 was increased to about 450% compared to that in the medium used for the primary isolation procedure.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.1167-1171
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• 2003

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important group of organic contaminants present in sewage sludge, due to their persistence, toxic, bioaccumulative and long range transfer. These characters make themselves as Persistent Organic Pollutants(POPs) in Long Range Transboundary Air Pollutions convention(LRTAP) of Europe. A method of the gas chromatographicmass spectrometric (GCMS) determination of PAHs present in sewage sludge was developed and applied to analyzed samples from five sewerage treatment plants (SWTPs), having different treatment types. PAHs were extracted from freeze-dried samples by toluene 16 hours in a soxhlet extraction system. The sludge extracts were cleaned-up by an activated silica gel column chromatography. The sum of the 16 US Environmental Protection Agency PAHs sewage sludge samples varied from 2.44 to 4.82 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g. Concentration of emission carcinogen PAHs(PAHcarc), such as Benzo(a)anthracene, Benzo(b)f1uoranthene, Benzo(k)f1uoranthene, Benzo(a)pyrene, Dibenzo(a,h)anthracene and Indeno( 1,2,3-cd)pyrene ranged from 0.62 to 1.03 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g. The total amount of PAHs emission from sewage sludge in Korea was calculated as a top-down approach. PAHs and $\Sigma$PAHcarc from sewage treatment plants had emitted to environment by several pathway. The highest amount of emission to the environment was remarked in the ocean dumping(PAHs and $\Sigma$PAHcarc emissions were 1155.95 kg/year and 5040.32 kg/year, respectively).