• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.389-397
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• 2002

Bacteriocin-producing lactic acid bacteria were isolated from kimchi. One isolate producing the most efficient bacteriocin was identified and named Lactococcus lactis B2, based on the biochemical properties and 16S rDNA sequences. The B2 bacteriocin inhibited many different Gram positive bacteria including Lactococcus, Lactobacillus, Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, and Staphylococcus, but did not inhibit Gram-negative bacteria. The bacteriocin was maximally produced at temperatures between $25^{\circ}C\;and\;30^{\circ}C$ and at the initial pH of 7.0. Ninety $\%$ of the activity remained after 10 min of heat treatment at $121^{\circ}C,\;and\;100\%$, after 1 h exposure to organic solvents. The bacteriocin was purified from culture supernatant by ammonium sulfate precipitation, CM Sepharose column chromatography, ultrafiltration, and finally, by reverse-phase HPLC. A 1.58-kb fragment was amplified from B2 chromosome by using a primer set designed from the published nisA sequence. Sequencing result showed that the fragment contained the whole nisZ and 5' portion of nisB, whose gene product was involved in postmodification of nisin. The upstream sequence, however, was completely different from those of reported nisin genes.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2011

Purpose: Tumor associated angiogenesis and/or lymphangiogenesis are known to be linked by VEGFR signaling pathways. These processes are regulated by several growth factors including VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3. E7080 is an orally active inhibitor of multiple tyrosine kinases including VEGFR-2, 3. Therefore, it was proposed that E7080 may inhibit angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of E7080 in a nude mouse model of OSCC. Methods: KB cells were xenografted into the submucosal tissue of the mouth floor of athymic mice. Seven days after the xenograft, the mice were randomized into 2 groups. E7080 were administered orally to the experimental group once per day. The mice were sacrificed 3 weeks after the treatment. The tumors were examined histopathologically. Immunohistochemical assays with anti- VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, phosphorylated VEGFR-2/3 (pVEGFR-2/3), and D2-40 antibodies were then performed. Results: The transplantation of human OSCC tumor cells into the mouth floor resulted in the formation of orthotopic tumors. The experimental (E7080 treatment) group showed a slowly increased tumor volume. Moreover, immunohistochemical staining demonstrated higher levels of VEGF-C, VEGFR-2, VEGFR-3, pVEGFR-2/3 and D2-40 expression in the control group than in the experimental group. Conclusion: These results suggest that E7080 may provide therapeutic benefits in OSCC.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제19권9호
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• pp.1328-1332
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• 2009

고래회충유충증은 해산어류에 기생하는 고래회충과(family Anisakidae)에 속하는 선충류 유충에 의한 질병으로 유충의 직접적인 위장관내 침입으로 인한 병변과 더불어 유충의 분비 배설물에 의한 알레르기 질환도 유발될 수 있다. 고래회충유충증은 A. simplex를 비롯하여 Contracaecum, Pseudoterranova, Hysterothylacium 등의 유충에 의해 야기될 수 있으나 이들에 대한 형태학적 감별 진단은 유충의 형태적 유사성으로 인하여 매우 어려운 경우가 많다. 이러한 형태학적 진단의 어려움을 극복하고 분자생물학적 감별진단 방법을 확립하기 위하여 A. simplex, Contracaecum type A. type C' 및 Goezia 유충을 숭어, 도다리, 고등어, 아나고, 참돔 등 5종의 어류에서 분리하였다. 각각의 유충으로부터 분리한 18S rDNA를 PCR로 증폭한 후 Taq 1, Hinf I, Hha I, Alu 1, Dde I, Hae III, Sau 96I, Sau 3AI 등 8종의 제한효소를 사용하여 PCR-RFLP를 시행하였다. PCR product의 크기는 약 2.0 Kb였으며 Hinf l, Alu 1, Hha I, Dde 1 및 Hae III로 A. simplex와 Contracaecum type C'을 구분할 수 있었다. 그러나 Contracaecum type A의 경우에는 Taq I, Hinf I, Alu I 및 Dde I의 경우에는 2가지 패턴으로 나타났으며 이들 가운데 일부는 A. simplex, Contracaecum type C', 및 Goezia와 동일한 분석 패턴을 보이기도 하였다. Goezia는 사용한 8개의 제한 효소 모두에서 A. simplex 및 Contracaecum type A 및 type C'과 각기 다른 양상을 보였다. 이러한 결과로 18S rDNA PCR-RFLP 방법은 A. simplex와 Contracaecum type C'의 감별 진단에 유용한 것으로 밝혀졌으며, Contracaecum type A의 분류에는 제한적으로 사용되어야 함은 물론 형태학적 분류 기준에 대한 재검토가 뒤따라야 할 것으로 사료되었다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.121-130
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• 1993

합성용질확산법으로 GaP 단결정을 성장시키고, 몇가지 성질을 조사하였다. 결정성장용 석영관을 전기로내에서 1.75mm/day의 속도로 하강시킴으로써 양질의 GaP 단결정을 성장하였다. 에치피트 밀도는 결정의 성장축 방향으로 3.8 ${\times}{10^4}$c$m^{-2}$부터 2.3 ${\times}{10^5}$c$m^2$이었다. 에너지갭의 온도의존성은 실험적으로 $E_g$(T)=[2.3383-(6.082${\times}{10^{-4}}$)$T^2$(373.096+T)eV로 구하여졌다. 저온에서의 광루미네센스 스펙트럼은 구속된 여기자의 복사재결합과 재결합 과정에 포논의 참여로 인하여 에너지갭 부근의 복잡한 선 스펙트럼이 나타났다. n형의 GaP내에서 Zn의 확산깊이는 확산시간의 제곱근에 비례하였으며, 확산계수의 온도의존성은 D(T)=3.2${\times}{10^3}$ exp(-3.486/KbTc$m^2$/sec이었다. p-nGaP 동종접합다이오드의 전기루미제센스 스펙트럼은 깊은 준위의 도너인 Zn-O 복합중심(complex center)과 Zn가 형성한 역셉터 준위사이의 도너-억셉터 쌍 재결합 천이에 의한 630nm의 발광과 에너지갭 부근의 케리어 재결합 처이에 의한 550nm의 발광으로 구성되었으며, 100mA보다 낮은 전류 영역에서 광자의 방출은 bane-filling 과정으로 이루어 진다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2004

Nebulin is a (Mr 600∼900 kDa) large actin-binding protein specific to skeletal muscle and thought to act as a molecular template that regulates the length of thin filaments. Cardiac muscles of higher vertebrates have been shown earlier to lack nebulin. Recently, full-length nebulin mRNA transcripts have been detected in heart muscle, but at lower levels than in skeletal muscle. Nebulin expression also was detected in the kidney, eye, and otic canal, suggesting that nebulin isoforms may also be expressed in these organs. We have searched for nebulin isoforms in brain of human using PCR and Northern blot. Here, we provide evidence that nebulin mRNA transcripts are expressed in brain. Seven nebulin isoforms (B, C, D, E, F, G and H form) are obtained in human skeletal muscle and four isoforms (B, C, G and H form) in human brain cDNA library. We cloned the 1.3 kb of nebulin fragment from human adult brain library by PCR. The identity of the PCR product was confirmed by sequence analysis. The partial brain nebulin sequence was 99% identical to the skeletal muscle cDNA as determined by Blast alignment. It contains two simple-repeats HR1, HR2 and linker-repeats exon l35∼143 except exon 140. It was different from skeletal muscle B form, which contain HR1 and HR8. These data suggest that nebulin isoform diversity occurs even more extensively than previously known, likely contributing to the distinct thin filament architecture of different striated muscles.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.233-245
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• 1998

The gene encoding F protein of CBP-1 strain, a heat-stable Newcastle disease virus (NDV) isolated from the diseased pheasants in Korea, was characterized by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), nucleotide and amino acid sequences. Virus RNA was prepared from the chorioallatoic fluid infected with NDV CBP-1 virus and cDNA was amplified by RT-PCR, cloned and sequenced to analyze. The PCR was sensitive as to detect the virus titer above $2^5$ hemagglutination unit. 1.7kb (1,707bp) size of the cDNA was amplified and cloned into BamHI site of pVL1393 Baculo transfer vector. The nucleotide sequences for F protein were determined by dye terminator cyclic sequencing using four pairs of primers, and 553 amino acid sequences were predicted. In comparison of the nucleotide sequence of F gene of CBP-1 with those of other NDV strains, the homology revealed 88.8%, 98.5% and 98.7% with Kyojungwon (KJW), Texas GB and Beaudette C strains, respectively. As the deduced 553 amino acid sequences of F protein of CBP-1 were compared with those of other NDV strains, the homology appeared 89.9%, 98.7% and 98.9% with KJW, Texas GB and Beaudette C strains, respectively. The putative protease cleavage site (112-116) was R-R-Q-K-R, indicating that CBP-1 strain is velogenic type. The amino acid sequences include 6 sites of N-asparagine-linked glycosylation and 13 cysteine residues. These data indicate that the genotype of CBP-1 strain is more closely associated with the strains of Texas GB and Beaudette C than KJW strain.

• 환경생물
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.439-448
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• 1999

1997년 11월부터 1998년 6월까지 총 4회에 걸쳐 군산인근 해역을 대상으로 Vibrio 속의 분포와 특성을 조사하였고, 분리동정된 Vibrio 속 3종(V. anguillarum, V. vulnificus, V, metschnikovii)을 대상으로 해수에서 수온 변화에 따른 생존을 관찰하였다. 조사 기간 중 총 해양 종속영양 세균의 분포는 평판도말법으로는 1.2$\pm$0.6$\times$$10^3$~2.0$\pm$1.5$\times$$10^4$CFU ml­$^1$을 나타냈으며, 형광현미경에 의한 직접측정법으로는 6.0$\pm$4.0$\times$$10^{5}$ ~1.9$\pm$1.5$\times$$10^{7}$ cells ml­$^1$의 범주에서 변화하여 측정방법에 따라 커다란 차이를 보였다. 해양 Vibrio의 분포는 1$\times$10~6$\pm$2.2$\times$$10^2$CFU ml­$^1$의 범주에서 변화하여 전반적으로 총 해양종속영양 세균의 수에 대하여 차지하는 비율은 0.l~6%였다. 최종 분리된 51균주를 Biolog Identification System$^{TM}$에 의해서 동정한 결과 V. mediterranei(11균주), V. anguillarum(13균주), V. netschnikovii(5균주), V. parahaemolyticus(5균주)등이 우점속으로 밝혀졌다. 분리 동정된 51균주들 간의 통계학적 유사도를 70%이상을 기준으로 grouping한 결과 26 group으로 나뉘어 본 조사해역에서 Vibrio 속의 다양성을 간접적으로 보여 주고 있다. 동정된 균주들에서 plasmid의 존재를 확인한 결과 65%에 해당하는 33균주가 plasmid를 갖고 있었으며 그 크기는 12kb이상으로 나타났다. 또한 분리된51균주들에 대하여 7종의 항생제 (gentamicin, ampicillin, chlorarnphenicol, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, carbenicillin)에 대한 내성을 측정한 결과 51균주들 중 96%가 한 종류 이상의 항세균제에 대하여 내성을 나타냈다. 분리 동정된 균주들 중 V. angulliarum, V. vulnificus, V. metschnikovii를 대상으로 여과된 해수에 접종시켜 생존율을 4, 15, $25^{\circ}C$에서 30일간 측정한 결과 15$^{\circ}C$에서 가장 높은 생존율을 보였다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.73-81
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• 1988

$\alpha$-Amylase (EC.3.2.1.1) of Neurospora crassa (ATCC9279) was cloned in E. coli HB101 using shotgun method, and the enzymes isolated from both N. crassa and E. coli were compared. Chromosomal DNA isolated from the spores of N. crassa was partially digested with PstI restriction endonuclease and rejoined to pBR322 which had been digested with the same enzyme. The resulting recombinant DNA were introduced into E. coli HB101 which had competancy by treating with $CaCl_{2}$. As the result, about 8000 colonies which showed tetracycline resistance were selected and two of the colonies which had 13.5Kb recombinant plasmid exhibit starch degrading activity on starch-containing plate when treated with D-cycloserine. $\alpha$-Amylases from both N.crassa and E. coli were isolated by using ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-cellulose ion exchange column chromatography and Bio-Gel P150 gel foltration column. As the result, about 81.3 fold and 5.6 fold purifications in specific activities were obtained respectively, and specific activities of the gel filtrates were 6.1u/mg and 85u/mg respectively. The properties of both enzymes were compared and they showed quite the similar patterns in optimal temperature, optimal pH and had same molecular weight about 100,000 daltons on gel filtration method. Optimal temperatures for both enzymes were $70^{\circ}C$ and optimal pH were about 6 and 10.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.174-184
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• 1998

In order to accumulate fundamental. data for control of fishes’ behavior at the real fishing ground, the fitness of the numerical model for describing the behavior of fishes was examined by the marine fish. Mullet, Mugil cephalus were used as experimental fishes. The numerical model of fishes’ behavior presented in our earlier paper was modified on the vertical movement of fish school. For the comparision of parameters of the modified numerical model between mullet and rainbow trout, the estimated values of parameters were identified with dimension. The fitness of the modified numerical model was examined by the comparision between experiment and simulation on the several indexes represented by fishes’ swimming characteristics. The obtained result are summarized a follows : 1. The non-dimensional parameter a’ of propulsive force and kb’ of interactive force by the experiment without model net showed a similarity, but the non-dimensional parameter k sub(c’) of schooling force for rainbow trout was lager than one for mullet and the non-dimensional parameter k sub(w’) of repulsive force for mullet was lager than one for rainbow trout. 2. The non-dimensional parameter a’ and k sub(b’) for rainbow trout by the experiment with model net were a little lager than ones for mullet, but non-dimensional parameter k sub(c’) and k sub(w’) for mullet were lager than ones for rainbow trout. 3. The non-dimensional parameter k sub(c’) and k sub(b’) showed the largest and the smallest value among the non-dimensional parameters for rainbow trout and mullet, respectively. 4. The fitness of the modified numerical model was confirmed by means of the compulsion between experiment and simulation on the swimming trajectory of fishes, the mean distance of individual from wall, the mean swimming speed, the mean swimming depth and the mean distance between the nearest individuals. Especially, the similarity of mean swimming depth was improved by using the modified numerical model.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.33-38
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• 1999

재래산양의 유전자원 보존과 유전적 개량을 위하여 재래산양과 수입산양의 genomic DNA의 유전적 다형을 분석하기 위하여 수행되었으며 재래산양과 수입산양의 유전적 판별 분석은 RAPD 기법을 이용하였으며 공시품종은 재래산양 30두, 재래산양 교잡종 10두, 수입산양 10두를 이용하였다. 재래 산양육과 수입 산양육의 판별을 위한 시료는 재래 산양육 10두와 수입 산양육 10두를 이용하였다. 이들로부터 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 재래산양, 수입산양 및 재래산양 교잡종으로부터 추출된 genomic DNA는 전기영동에 의해 약 23kb 크기의 DNA을 얻을 수 있었으며 UV spectrophotometer를 이용하여 흡광도 A 260과 A 280의 비율로 측정한 결과, 그 비율이 1.75~2.10의 범위로 순도는 비교적 양호한 결과를 얻었다. 2. 순수 재래산양의 유전자원의 보존을 위한 재래산양의 유전자 감식여부를 탐색하기 위하여 약 110 여종의 random primer를 이용한 RAPD 기법에 의하여 재래산양, 수입산양 및 교잡종의 다형성을 분석한 결과 random primer OPO-19(5'-CAA ACG TCG G-3')를 이용하였을 때 재래산양에서만 396bp에서 band가 나타났으며 수입산양과 교잡종에서는 band가 나타나지 않았다. 3. 또한, 재래 산양육과 수입 산양육의 유전적인 차이를 구명하기 위하니 RAPD 기법에 의한 genomic DNA의 다형성 분석에 있어서도 random primer OPO-19(5'-CAA ACG TCG G-3')를 사용하였을 때 396bp에서 재래 산양육에서는 band가 나타났지만, 수입 산양육에서는 band가 나타나지 않았다.