• BMB Reports
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• 제42권8호
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• pp.511-515
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• 2009

Downstream of Bid (DOBI) known as Pus10, has been identified as a modulator of TRAIL-induced cell death using RNAi library screening. The crystal structure of DOBI has revealed that it is a crescent-shaped protein containing the pseudouridine synthase catalytic domain and a THUMP-containing domain. Here, we demonstrated that DOBI is expressed in various tissues such as heart and lung, and is also expressed in various tumor cells such as HeLa and A549. Although ectopic expression of DOBI does not promote TRAIL death signaling in HeLa cells, knock-down of DOBI expression using shRNA inhibited TRAIL death signaling. DOBI is cleaved into a 54 kD cleaved DOBI during cell death, and the recombinant DOBI protein can be directly cleaved by caspases-3, or -8 in vitro. Together, these data suggest that the cleaved DOBI may acquire a new function, possibly by cooperating with tBid in the mitochondrial event of cell death caused by TRAIL.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the colony count of airborne microbes contamination every hour in the Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit (NSICU) in order to identify the relationship of colony count to person-visits. Method: Data were collected during from 11:00 a.m. September 5 to 11:00 a.m. September 6, 2002. This study used blood agar & nutrient agar and handtally counter (USA) for collection of airborne microbes and number of person-visits. Data was analyzed using the SPSSWIN 10.0 with means, Pearson correlation coefficient, and simple regression. Result: The result of this study are as follows. Total colony count of airborne microbes for 24 hours in the NSICU was 4,609. Total number of person-visits to the NSICU was 15,347. The highest scores fur the total colony count in different areas of the NSICU was the rear door, followed by the preparation room, and the front entrance, while the lowest count was in the isolation rooms. There was a statistically significant relationship between colony count and number of person-visits to the NSICU. The most frequently airborne microbes in the NSICU were Micrococcus, CNS, Staphylococcus Micrococcus, Aureus. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the number of person-visits in hospitals influences total colony count of airborne microbes. This study contributes to assessment of biological indoor air quality in hospital and in the development of an NSICU care plan.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.67-73
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• 2010

Paper packaging materials are essential in protection and transportation of commercial or industrial products. Raw materials for packaging paper production are mainly obtained from various grades of waste paper. For this reason, the recycled fibers from waste paper would probably have possibility of containing heavy metals. This study was focused on the development of optimum pre-treatment method for the quantitative analysis of mercury. The optimum pre-treatment for open digestion system were obtained at the treatment conditions of acid combination with $HNO_3/HCl/H_2O_2$ or $HNO_3/H_2SO_4$ at $80^{\circ}C$. The optimum pre-treatment conditions in closed digestion system were determinated by the acid combination with $HNO_3/HCl/H_2O_2/HF$ in microwave at 320 W for 20 min. The recovery rate in open digestion system was 85~94% and in closed digestion system was indicated as about 100%. Therefore, the closed system is superior than the open system in pre-treatment method for the quantitative analysis of mercury, and the detected mercury contents in the sample of KOCC, AOCC and kraft sack paper were measured below 1 ppm.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.179-183
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• 2007

This study was carried out to evaluate water quality based on physicochemical properties, including ammonium nitrogen ($NH_3-N^+$), nitrate nitrogen ($NO_3-N^-$), consumption of $KMnO_4$ and microbial indicators, such as total colony counts and total surveyed a group of 30 samples three times in 2005 (January to March, July to September, October to December). The mean concentration values of ammonium nitrogen ($NH_3-N^+$), nitrate nitrogen ($NO_3-N^-$) and the consumption of $KMnO_4$, were 0.01 mg/L (range 0.00~0.09 mg/L), 0.48 mg/L (range 0.00~3.31 mg/L) and 0.61 mg/L (0.0~3.42 mg/L), respectively. Based on the results, total colony count was detected in the ranges of 0~412 CFU/mL. In details, 84.4% of test samples was ${\leq}30CFU/mL$, 10.0% was 30~100 CFU/mL and 5.6% was ${\geq}100CFU/mL$. The detected rate of total coliforms was 6.6%. In conclusion, the ground water quality of 30 military facilities in Seoul, Kyunggi-do, and Inchon-city was acceptable for drinking except for a few detection of total colony count and total coliforms over standard.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.190-197
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• 2012

Depression is one of the most prevalent diseases of alcohol abuse. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays a critical role in cell survival in the hippocampus. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (p-ERK1/2) is induced by BDNF, and it regulates cell proliferation and differentiation in the brain. We investigated the effects of alcohol intake on depression-like behavior, cell proliferation, expressions of BDNF and its downstream molecules in the hippocampus using Mongolian gerbils. The gerbils were divided into four groups: control group, 0.5 g/kg alcohol-treated group, 1 g/kg alcohol-treated group, 2 g/kg alcohol-treated group. Each dose of alcohol was orally administered for 3 weeks. The present results demonstrated that alcohol intake induced depression-like behavior. Both 5-hydroxytryptamine synthesis and its synthesizing enzyme tryptophan hydroxylase expression in the dorsal raphe and cell proliferation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus were decreased by alcohol intake. Alcohol intake suppressed BDNF expression, and resulted in the decrease of its downstream molecules, pERK1/2 and Bcl-2, in the hippocampus. We showed that alcohol intake may lead to a depressed-like state with reduced hippocampal cell proliferation through inhibition of the BDNF-ERK signaling pathway.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제43권5호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2011

A chemical, MNU-induced hulless barley mutant line designated as 'Mutant 98 (M98)' was developed from a Korean hulless waxy barley cultivar, 'Chalssalbori'. The objective of the study was to determine the genetic basis of 'M98' and the possibility of using 'M98' as breeding parent to improve lysine level. Compared to 'Chalssalbori', 'M98' had large embryo and higher lysine content in both the embryo and endosperm. Significantly different lysine content in 'M98' and the other high-lysine barley mutant stocks was observed for two years. However, the genotype by year interaction was not significant. 'M98' was higher than the other high-lysine barley mutant stocks in the percentage of lysine of total amino acid composition (0.75%). The trait of shrunken endosperm of 'M98', which was typical in the high-lysine mutants, was inherited by a single recessive gene. Based on seed morphology and lysine content of $F_1$ seeds, 'M98' had a genetically different gene from the other high-lysine mutants for shrunken endosperm. Segregation of $F_2$ for plump/shrunken endosperm did not fit the expected ratio of Mendelian inheritance except for only one cross combination (GSHO1784 (lys1)/M98). The amino acid analysis of $F_5$ and $F_6$ progenies from the cross between 'M98' and 'Chalssalbori' revealed that the attempt to increase the range of lysine content of plump lines did not go beyond the limit of the average high-lysine barley germplasm.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1391-1400
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• 2019

Canine parvoviral enteritis (PVE) is an important intestinal disease of the puppies; however, the potential impact of the canine parvovirus (CPV) on the gut microbiota has not been investigated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the gut microbial shifts in puppies naturally infected with CPV. Fecal samples were collected from healthy dogs and those diagnosed with PVE at 4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks of age. The distal gut microbiota of dogs was characterized using Illumina MiSeq sequencing of the bacterial 16S rRNA genes. The sequence data were analyzed using QIIME with an Operational Taxonomic Unit definition at a similarity cutoff of 97%. Our results showed that the CPV was associated with significant microbial dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota. Alpha diversity and species richness and evenness in dogs with PVE decreased compared to those of healthy dogs. At the phylum level, the proportion of Proteobacteria was significantly enriched in dogs with PVE while Bacteroidetes was significantly more abundant in healthy dogs (p < 0.05). In dogs with PVE, Enterobacteriaceae was the most abundant bacterial family accounting for 36.44% of the total bacterial population compared to only 0.21% in healthy puppies. The two most abundant genera in healthy dogs were Prevotella and Lactobacillus and their abundance was significantly higher compared to that of dogs with PVE (p < 0.05). These observations suggest that disturbances of gut microbial communities were associated with PVE in young dogs. Evaluation of the roles of these bacterial groups in the pathophysiology of PVE warrants further studies.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권12호
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• pp.1701-1708
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• 2021

Food safety is the most important global health issue due to foodborne pathogens after consumption of contaminated food. Foodborne bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Campylobacter spp., Bacillus cereus, Vibrio spp., Yersinia enterocolitica and Clostridium perfringens are leading causes of the majority of foodborne illnesses and deaths. These foodborne pathogens often come from the livestock feces, thus, we analyzed fecal microbial communities of three different livestock species to investigate the prevalence of foodborne pathogens in livestock feces using metagenomics analysis. Our data showed that alpha diversities of microbial communities were different according to livestock species. The microbial diversity of cattle feces was higher than that of chicken or pig feces. Moreover, microbial communities were significantly different among these three livestock species (cattle, chicken, and pig). At the genus level, Staphylococcus and Clostridium were found in all livestock feces, with chicken feces having higher relative abundances of Staphylococcus and Clostridium than cattle and pig feces. Genera Bacillus, Campylobacter, and Vibrio were detected in cattle feces. Chicken samples contained Bacillus, Listeria, and Salmonella with low relative abundance. Other genera such as Corynebacterium, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Helicobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella, and Pseudomonas known to be opportunistic pathogens were also detected in cattle, chicken, and pig feces. Results of this study might be useful for controlling the spread of foodborne pathogens in farm environments known to provide natural sources of these microorganisms.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제25권11호
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• pp.87-103
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• 2009

지반정수의 신뢰성 높은 확률분포형을 결정하기 위해서는 분석자료에 대한 이상치 및 무작위성 검정, 적용한 확률 분포형의 매개변수 추정 및 매개변수 적합성 검정, 마지막으로 확률분포형의 적합성 검정의 과정이 필요하며, 위의 순서로 지반정수의 확률분포형을 산정할 것을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 제안한 절차에 따라 분석대상 지반으로 선정된 인천 송도지역 지반정수들의 확률분포형을 추정하였으며, 추가로 지반정수들의 변동성을 나타내는 변동계수를 산정하였다. 이와 같이 신뢰성 높은 지반정수들의 확률분포형과 변동계수는 확률론적 설계방법에 사용될 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 결정론적 설계에 사용될 지반정수의 합리적인 결정에 사용될 수 있는 중요한 자료로 판단된다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.68-76
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• 2024

Background: Although the survival outcomes of childhood cancer patients have improved, childhood cancer survivors suffer from various degrees of immune dysfunction or delayed immune reconstitution. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) on T cell recovery in childhood cancer patients who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) from the perspective of inflammatory and senescent phenotypes. Methods: This was a single-arm exploratory trial. The KRG group (n = 15) received KRG powder from month 1 to month 12 post-ASCT. We compared the results of the KRG group with those of the control group (n = 23). The proportions of T cell populations, senescent phenotypes, and cytokine production profiles were analyzed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-ASCT using peripheral blood samples. Results: All patients in the KRG group completed the treatment without any safety issues and showed a comparable T cell repopulation pattern to that in the control group. In particular, KRG administration influenced the repopulation of CD4⁺ T cells via T cell expansion and differentiation into effector memory cell re-expressing CD45RA (EMRA) cells. Although the KRG group showed an increase in the number of CD4⁺ EMRA cells, the expression of senescent and exhausted markers in these cells decreased, and the capacity for senescence-related cytokine production in the senescent CD28^- subset was ameliorated. Conclusions: These findings suggest that KRG promotes the repopulation of CD4⁺ EMRA T cells and regulates phenotypical and functional senescent changes after ASCT in pediatric patients with cancer.