• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.209-224
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• 2015

Objective : The main purpose of this study is to find a reasonable solutions for utilization of herbal formulas based on the medical classics. Methods : We used official Ten 'Selected Korean Medical Classics(SKMC)'. For input of formulas from SKMC, we had to select proper editions of them. After consultations with experts of 'The Korean Medicine Society for the Herbal Formula Study' and 'Korean Society of Medical History', we chose the proper editions of SKMC, and according to those books, we built formulas database using microsoft office excel sheets, respectively. Results : After whole input procedures, we requested several experts to inspect the results and also, to correct errors in them. Input categories were name of formula, name of classic, classification, original source, composition herb, weight, unit of weight, weight conversion index, converted weight, basic formula, indications, reason for modification, preparing method, taking method and contraindications. Final number of whole formulas in DB was 32,882. Conclusions : We used SKMC and built database using excel program. Through this procedure, we can provide a developmental ways to make a foundation for herbal formulas from the medical classics, so that we can make herbal formulas be standardized or industrialized more efficiently.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.3 s.76
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• pp.442-446
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• 2006

Cedrela sinensis is a broadleaf tree that is widely cultivated in Korea and China. It was used for treating enteritis, dysentery, and skin itch in oriental medicine. In this study, three major flavonoids, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside (1), quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside (2), and quercetin-3-O-glucoside (3), were isolated from the leaf of Cedrela sinensis. The biological activities of these compounds were tested by inhibitory activity of matrix metalloproteinases-2 (Type IV collagenase) method together with a cytotoxicity and a apoptosis test against human cancer cell lines.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.211-216
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine whether Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom), cultivated in various ratios with herbal extract remnants instead of cotton supplemented with nutrients (the control), improved mycelial growth, mushroom yields and longevity during storage. In addition, we investigated the transfer of medicinal herb components into the mushrooms since they contained non-specific medicinal herbs and their composition could not be controlled. Mushrooms cultivated with 70% and 100% medicinal herb remnants had faster growth rates, higher yields and less failure in the development of the fruit body than the control group. There were no differences in HPLC chromatogram among the methanol extracts of Pleurotus ostreatus in all groups. In addition, glycyrrhizin, an indicative compound of licorice which was a major herb among the herbal remnants, was not detected in any of the extracts. Pleurotus ostreatus that was cultivated with 70% and 100% herbal extract remnants had improved storage longevity in comparison with the control. They exhibited the least weight loss during storage among the groups and they maintained firmness in the stipe and pileus. However, the sources of media did not alter the color difference of the stipe and pileus or the quality index of the outward appearance during storage. In conclusion, cultivating media that contained over 70% of medicinal herb extract remnants increased the growth rates and yields of Pleurotus ostreatus. In addition, these mushrooms had enhanced storage longevity due to their firmness. Therefore, medicinal herb extract remnants should be utilized in the cultivating media of various mushrooms.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.128-135
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• 2009

This paper is the monitoring results of some heavy metals (lead, cadmium, arsenic, mercury) in herbal medicines and their intake rates. The monitoring of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury was carried out on 600 samples with 60 kinds of herbal medicines. And the transfer ratio of heavy metals in the water-boiled drinks w as calculated. The results show that lead was detected over the Maximum Residue Limits (MRL) in 10 samples (7 species). Cadmium was detected over the MRM in 69 samples (19 species). Arsenic was detected over the MRM in 3 samples (3 species). Mercury was detected over the MRM in 13 samples (10 species). We need continuously monitoring to ensure confidence and safety for these herbal medicines. In case of the water-boiled drink, average intake rates of lead, cadmium, arsenic and mercury are 9.77%, 6.72%, 26.1% and 6.79%, respectively.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.80-83
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• 2006

Allergy, meaning 'heightened reactivity' of a host on being exposed to an antigen, is an immediate reaction which included anaphylaxis following contact with an antigen. An anaphylatic reaction is caused by the release of pharmacological mediators, like histamine, from mast cells. The potential anti-allergic activities of 27 seaweed and 19 salt marsh extracts collected from the coast of Korea were tested against the inhibition of histamine release in rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMCs). Among them, three salt marsh plants (Persicaria lapathifolia, Ixeris tamagawaensis, and Salsola komarovil) significantly showed more than 75% of inhibition of the histamine release at a concentration of $100{\mu}g/mL$, and also three salt marsh (Messerschmidia sibirica, Rosa rugosa, and Portulaca oleraceae) and three seaweed (Colpomenia bullosa, Derbesia marina, and Sargassum thunbergil) extracts exhibited moderately inhibition effects when compared to the control.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.670-678
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• 2004

In oriental medicine, meridian is pathway of bio-energy, and basic an object of diagnosis/therapy. But, in western medicine, meridian has been accepted as action pathway of nerve-endocrine-immune system. Acupuncture effect has been regarded as not effect by transmission of bio-energy but action or response by stimulation. In this paper, when an acupuncturist's bio-energy is passed on(non-insulation) and when is not(insulation), we analysed electric potential on meridian/non-meridian to verify effect of acupuncture therapy. In the results, when bio-energy isn't passed on, bio-potential is reacted to only the first of 4 times acupuncture operating. But when bio-energy is passed on, it is reacted to 4 times, and potential on meridian is higher than that of on non-meridian. Electric potential for same acupuncture operating is different on non/meridians, which implies that physiological construction and bio-energy transmission material is different respectively. When is extracting acupuncture method, potential is higher than that of injection one. It implies that extracting method is more effect than injecting one, in aspect of acupuncture therapy effect. Therefore, acupuncture therapy effect is verified as effect of response by acupuncturist's bio-energy transmission rather than that by only acupuncture stimulus.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.3358-3365
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• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of Sorbus commixta (SC), Geranium thunbergii (GT) and their mixture (SC:GT=1:1, MIX) on inhibition of bone loss and chondral defect. To examine their activities, we measured the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity in human osteoblast-like MG-63 cells and performed tartrate-resistant acid phosphate (TRAP) staining in osteoclast differentiated from Raw264.7 cells. To investigate the influence on chondrocyte differentiation, we performed alcian-blue staining in chondrocyte differentiated from ATDC5 cells. All of SC, GT and MIX did not increase ALP activity in MG-63 cells. However, SC and mixture (SC:GT=1:1, MIX) significantly inhibited osteoclastic differentiation. And they also induced chondrocyte differentiation. These results suggest that SC and GT may have a potential for the treatment of bone loss and chondral defect by suppression of osteoclast differentiation and stimulation of chondrocyte differentiation. Therefore, clarification of their mechanisms and active components will be needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.7
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• pp.828-834
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• 2006

We investigated whether two-kinds of mixture (NHDT-1 and NHDT-2) mainly composed of Hovenia dulcis Thunb had beneficial actions for alcohol and acetaldehyde degradation in acute alcohol treatment and liver protection from fatty liver induced by chronic alcohol administration. In acute alcohol degradation experiment, serum alcohol and acetaldehyde concentrations exhibited lower 1, 3 and 5 hours after taking 3 g ethanol per kg body weight in NHDT-1 treated rats, but not NHDT-2 including ginseng. On the contrast to the acute effect on alcohol degradation, the long-term alcohol administration revealed that NHDT-2, not NHDT-1, protected the increase in serum concentration of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotrasferase and ${\gamma}-triglyceride$ metabolism similar to the rats not consuming alcohol, leading to decreased triglyceride accumulation in blood and liver. In liver morphological study, NHDT-1 preserved the regular hepatocyte morphology, decreased fat accumulation and reduced sinusoidal leukocyte infiltration in hepatocytes. In conclusion, NHDT-1 plays an important role in alcohol and acetaldehyde degradation without protecting liver damage while NHDT-2 works as hepatocyte protector from alcohol mediated damage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.604-609
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• 2009

To investigate the potential use of microbial heme as an iron source, recombinant Escherichia coli coexpressing ALA synthase (HemA) as well as the NADP-dependent malic enzyme (MaeB) and dicarboxylic acid transporter (DctA) were cultured. The typical red pigment extracted from the recombinant E. coli after 38 h showed highest absorbance at 407 nm, and the amount of iron in 38.4 mg of microbial heme extract derived from 6-1 fermentation broth was 4.1 mg. To determine the commercial potential of the recombinant E.coli-synthesized iron-associated heme as an iron source, mice were fed the iron-free provender with the microbial heme extract. The average body weight reduction of mice fed non-iron provender was 2.3%, whereas no detectable weight loss was evident in mice fed microbial heme addition after 15 days. The heme content of the blood from microbial heme fed mice was 4.2 mg/ml whereas that of controls was 2.4 mg/ml, which implies that the microbial heme could be available for use as an animal iron source.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.169-176
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• 2008

The subcronic toxicity of WK-38, a herbal preparation for the atherosclerosis, was examined in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. WK-38 is composed of Rhei Rhizoma, Magonoliae Cortx, Moutan Cortex Radicis. Rats were treated with the test substance at a dose of 5 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg intragastrically for 13 weeks. Control rats were treated with vehicle only. No death and abnormal clinical signs were observed throughout the administration period. Also there was no difference in net body weight gain, food and water consumption, organ weight, gross pathological findings, and urine analysis among the groups of rats treated with different doses of the WK-38. Hematological findings and biochemical examination revealed no evidence of specific toxicity related to WK-38. The results suggested that under the condition employed in this study no observation effect level (NOEL) of WK-38 would be 500 mg/kg/day.