• 상하수도학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.787-796
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• 2013

Sewer joint-related defect is one of the most common domestic sewer defects along with the lateral pipe problem. However, there are currently no criteria that precisely assess the joint-related sewer defects. Therefore, this study examined the joint-related sewer defects found in domestic circumstances, classified them according to the suggested defect code, and presented the examples of defect pictures. Each defect code was organized as the process of out of pipeline alignment (OPA) which shows the progress in deterioration. Each defect was classified into 5 grades depending on appropriate repair and rehabilitation method. The result of this study is expected to be useful for domestic CCTV inspectors to assess the sewer condition and helpful for managers to make a decision of repair and rehabilitation.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.37-47
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• 1996

An ultrasonic testing uses the directivity of the ultrasonic wave which propagates in one direction. The directivity is expressed as the relationship between the propagate direction and its sound pressure. The directivity of ultrasonic wave is related to determination of testing sensitivity, scanning pitch and defect location. This paper investigated the directivity of ultrasonic wave, which scattered from slit defect located in heat-affected zone (HAZ) in butt joint using visualization method. The directivity of shear waves scattered from slit defect were different according to probe direction (far defect, near defect) and probe position (forward movement, maximum echo position, backward movement). The difference of directivity of reflection wave was existed between 2 MHz and 4 MHz angle probes. In the case of 2 MHz angle probe, the directivity of reflection wave was appeared sharp form because of the relation wave length and defect size.

• KIEE International Transactions on Electrophysics and Applications
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• 제2C권5호
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• pp.239-245
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• 2002

In this work, in order to realize the possible defects at the cable joint interface, four different types of artificial defects are provided : conducting, insulating substances, void and scratches. The analysis related to the PD patterns has been performed by means of conventional Phase Resolved Partial Discharge Analysis (PRPDA) and Chaotic Analysis of Partial Discharge (CAPD) as well which was proposed by our previous communication. As a result, it could be pointed out that each defect has shown particular characteristics in its pattern respectively and that the nature of defect causing partial discharge could be identified more distinctively when the CAPD is combined with the conventional statistic method, PRPDA.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.378-385
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• 1995

초음파검사는 초음파 펄스가 한 방향으로 진행한다고 하는 지향성을 이용하고 있다. 초음파의 지향성은 전파 방향과 음압 분포의 관계를 나타내고 있으며 탐촉자의 배치, 탐상 감도 및 주사 간격, 결함의 위치 및 특성의 결정에 밀접한 관계가 있다. 본 논문은 초음파가시화법을 이용하여 pyrex glass로 만든 가상 맞대기 용접부내의 용접 금속부에 위치한 인공 결함으로부터 산란한 반사 횡파의 지향성을 측정하였다. 2 MHz와 4 MHz의 사각탐촉자가 인공 결함에서의 반사파의 지향성 조사에 사용되었다. 인공 결함으로부터 반사된 횡파의 지향성은 사각탐촉자의 위치 및 가상 용접부의 형상에 따라 달랐으며 2 MHz와 4 MHz의 사각 탐촉자에 따라 반사파의 지향성은 큰 차이를 나타내고 있었다. 또한 가상 용접부의 높이가 커짐에 따라 반사각과 입사각은 비슷하게 되었다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2012

Purpose: This report presents the authors' experience of twelve patients with sural artery flap for soft tissue defects around the knee joint. Materials and Methods: The patients' age ranged from 25 to 80 years; seven of the patients were male and five were female. The cause of soft-tissue defects involved wide excision for malignant soft tissue tumor, tumor prosthesis related infection, infection after total knee arthroplasty and chronic osteomyelitis. Postoperative range of motion was checked. The sensibility of flap was evaluated by Semmes-Weinstein monofilaments and two-point discrimination. Results: All flaps survived and provided satisfactory coverage of the defect. There was no complication except one delayed skin graft incorporation at donor site. Seven knee joints which had been stiff previously gained average 58 degrees of ROM postoperatively. All flaps retained sensibility and showed no significant increase in sensory thresholds comparing with contralateral side. Conclusion: Sural artery flap not only shows high survival rate and broad coverage ability, but also offers improvement in range of motion and preservation of sensation. We speculate that sural artery flap is valuable for the reconstruction of the soft tissue defects around knee joint.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.209-214
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• 2016

Traumatic bone cyst (TBC) occurs preferentially on the mandibular symphysis and body, but rarely on the mandibular condyle. When TBC occurs in the condylar area, it can usually be related with or misdiagnosed as a temporomandibular joint disorder. A 15-year-old female patient visited the Temporomandibular Joint Clinic with a 5-year history of pain and noise localized in the left temporomandibular joint. On imaging, a well demarked oval-shaped radiolucent lesion was observed on the left condyle head. The patient underwent cyst enucleation and repositioning of the bony window on the lateral cortex of the affected condyle head under the impression of subchondral cyst or TBC; however, no cystic membrane was found. The bone defect resolved and showed no recurrence on the serial radiographic postoperative follow-up for 43 months after surgery.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2008

Popliteal artery injury in blunt trauma of knee joint is not common but poses high rate of amputation due to anatomical characteristics or delayed diagnosis and treatment. The aim of the present study is to review the authors' experiences with this condition and identify factors contributing to disability. We reviewed 7 cases of popliteal artery injury in trauma around knee. Injury mechanism, type of vessel damage, associated injuries, mangled extremity severity scores (MESS), ischemic time and additional treatments were analyzed. Tibial fracture, distal femoral fracture and serious soft tissue defect were combined. Mean MESS was 9.9 point and mean time of revascularization was 7.1 hours. Transfemoral amputation was performed in 2 cases due to vascular insufficiency and devastating infection, and 4 patients were able to walk without any support at the last follow up. Age, the severity of soft tissue injury, ischemic time and MESS are thought to be related to prognosis, and young patients with short ischemic time show best results, but authors experienced one exceptional case. We have to consider multiple factors related to the prognosis in popliteal artery injury with fractures around knee, and careful decision is needed regarding to early amputation.

• 대한골관절종양학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.32-38
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• 1997

PURPOSE : For the reconstruction of large bone defect after tumor resection, it is possible to reuse the bone involved by tumor with some treatment to it. Several bone-reusing methods have been reported such as autoclaving, low-heat treatment(pasteurization) and intraoperative radiotherapy. We have used extracorporeally radiated autogenous bone graft for reconstruction after tumor resection, and analyzed the periods for junctional union, functional results and complications to know the indications of this method. METHODS : From Dec. 1993 to Sept. 1995, nine patients had taken autogenous bone graft with extracorporeal irradiation. Eight cases were osteosarcoma and 1 giant cell tumor. The graft sites were 5 in femur, 3 proximal tibia and 1 femur and tibia. Stage 3 was 1 case(GCT), Stage IIB 3 and Stage IIIB 5. After wide resection, surrounding soft tissue and intramedullary and extramedullary portion of the tumor were removed. Radiation was done in 5000cGy to the resected bone. Ender nails and bone cement were inserted and filled into the medulla to prevent fracture. RESULTS : Average follow-up period was 12.3(4 to 21) months. Average junctional union period in simple X-ray was 6.5 months in 4 cases. Average functional score following Enneking's criteria was 19(12-27). Complications were as follows ; condylar fractures and femur neck fracture in 4 cases, subluxation of the knee joint 3 and infection 1. Although local recurrence was detected in 1 case, the site of recurrence was not in the radiated bone but surrounding soft tissue. At final follow-up, no recurrence was found in one case(GCT), CDF 2, AWD 2, DOD 3, and died of chemotherapy related sepsis 1. CONCLUSIONS : Extracorporeally radiated bone autograft is considered to be a method for reconstruction of the large bone defect made by tumor resection, especially in the reconstruction around the joint.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
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• pp.545-550
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• 2002

In order to ensure the signal could be transported cocrrectly, the microwave devices made of Aluminmn alloys must be assembled and brazed flaw-freely. In this paper, a new approach of using contact reactive brazing (CRB) process to realize the compact brazing of Aluminum alloys was put forward. The reason for this is that CRB, which realizes bonding depending on the liquid alloy produced by metallurgy reaction between the materials to be joined, overcomes the limitation of traditional brazing that the macroscopically disorganized filling flow of liquid filler metal would result in defects in brazed seam. Joint ofLF21 (AA3003) with the compactness of over 95% was brazed by the method of CRB using Si powder as an interlayer. At last, the influence of the physical parameter related to the Si powder interlayer on the compactness of the joints was investigated in detail.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2018

Postoperative airway aspiration is not uncommon in patients with head and neck cancer. Airway aspiration has serious consequences, such as swallowing disorders, nutrition-related health problem, or reducing the quality of life due to maintenance of tracheal or nasogastric tubes. The postoperative oropharyngeal defect due to the surgery may interfere with normal swallowing reflex, or the laryngeal dysfunction caused by radiation therapy may cause severe airway aspiration, which may lead to complications such as dyspnea and pneumonia. Complete removal of the disease is also important in the treatment of head and neck cancer, but it is necessary to select a method to avoid and predict the occurrence of airway aspiration according to the treatment method. The most important factor to prevent airway aspiration after surgery is to preserve the proper volume of the oropharynx and to preserve at least one of the cricoarytenoid joint function. It is also the most effective way to reduce additional complications by seeking appropriate surgical treatment according to airway aspiration status. The purpose of this study is to review the operative methods that can induce airway aspiration and consider the prevention and treatment strategy through review of the literature.