• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.84-87
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• 1994

Retrospective analysis, of 1,734 patients treated for nerve block from October 1991 to March 1994. Largest percentage of patients were in the 50 year old range, with a distribution of 44.9% male and 55.1% female. Treatments were for ailments of: Low Back Pain 17.3%, Multiple Contusion 10.5%, and Cancer 10%. Most common nerve block was epidural block 38.6%, followed by stellate ganglion block 38.4%, intercostal block 5.4%, and suprascapular nerve block 5.2%. Nerve block under fluorscopic guide were as follows: facet joint block 34.1%, lumbar sympathetic ganglion block 13.6%, and celiac plexus block 12.9%.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.155-161
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• 1994

Joint mobilization refers to techniques that are used to treat joint dysfunction such as when there is stiffness reversible joint hypomobility, or pain. Currently there are several schools of thought and treatment techniques that are popular in the United States. and leading practitioners and educators are attempting to blend common points to yield more uniform treatment from the various approaches. In order to effectively use joint mobilization for treatment, the practitioner must know and be able to evaluate the anatomy, arthrokinematics, and pathology of the neuromusculoskeletal system and to recognize when the techniques are indicated or when other stretching techniques would be more effective for regaining lost motion. Indiscriminate use of joint mobilization techniques when tot indicted could lead to potential harm to the patient's joints.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2007

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a group of musculoskeletal conditions characterized by pain in the pre-auricular area, limitation of jaw movement and palpable muscle tenderness. Thermography is a nonionizing, noninvasive diagnostic alternative for the evaluation of TMD. This study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of thermography in the assessment of TMD. Methods: Thermography was conducted on the 61 patients who had been diagnosed with TMD, and on the 34 normal symptom-free volunteers. The temperature differences between opposite sides of the temporomandibular joint (${\Delta}T_{TMJ}$) and the masseter muscle (${\Delta}T_{MST}$) were calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of thermography was calculated at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3, and $0.4^{\circ}C$. Results: In the patient group, the ${\Delta}T_{TMJ}$ was $0.42{\pm}0.38^{\circ}C$ and the ${\Delta}T_{MST}$ was $0.38{\pm}0.33^{\circ}C$, whereas in the control group the ${\Delta}T_{TMJ}$ was $0.10{\pm}0.07^{\circ}C$ and the ${\Delta}T_{MST}\;0.15{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$. In addition, the patient group demonstrated a significantly lower level of thermal symmetry than the control group (P < 0.001) in both the temporomandibular joints and the masseter muscles. The sensitivity of thermography at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3 and $0.4^{\circ}C$ was 67.2, 49.2, and 42.6% in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and 60.7, 49.2 and 37.7% in the masseter muscle, respectively. The specificity of thermography at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3 and $0.4^{\circ}C$ was 88.2, 100, and 100% in the TMJ and 61.8, 91.2 and 100% in the masseter muscles, respectively. The accuracy of thermography at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3 and $0.4^{\circ}C$ was 74.7, 67.4, and 63.2% in TMJ and 61.1, 64.2 and 60.0% in the masseter muscles, respectively. Conclusions: Temperature differences exist between the opposite sides of the TMD and masseter muscles in patients with TMD. Although the sensitivity of thermography in the diagnosis of TMD is low, it has high specificity in the evaluation of TMD, and is therefore applicable to patients with TMD.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the relationships among pain, depression, health behaviors, and activities of daily living (ADL) in older adults after femur fracture surgery. Methods: This was a descriptive correlational study. Ninety seven outpatients aged 65 or older were selected, who agreed to participate and visited the four hospitals located in G providence. Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) for pain, a Short form Geriatric Depression Scale (SGDS) for depression, health behavior scale and Korean version of Bathel Index for ADL were used. Data were analyzed using t-test and ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and the hierarchical regression analysis in SPSS 18. Results: Pain and depression were positively correlated (r=.35, p<.001). Pain and health behaviors (r=-.30, p=.010), pain and ADL (r=-.21, p=.044), depression and health behaviors (r=-.51, p<.001), depression and ADL (r=-.29, p=.004) were negatively correlated. The variables affecting the ADL was intake of a painkiller or not (${\beta}$=-.32), age (${\beta}$=-.25), transitional period after discharge (${\beta}$=.23) and depression (${\beta}$=-.23). ADL was accounted for 33.4% in total by these four variables. Conclusion: Interventions for alleviating pain, and managing depression would be effective in enhancing ADL in older adults after femur fracture surgery.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.50-59
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• 2008

Taping techniques have been usually used by physical therapists long time ago, which have been considered a useful adjunct to treatment programs for a variety of musculoskeletal disorders. Also, taping techniques may be employed as effective prophylactic methods in clinical setting because of ease application and cost effectiveness. The aims of this study were to describe background information for the management of some chronic low back pain patients with/without leg pain that don't respond to conservative treatment, to demonstrate McConnell taping as successful therapeutic strategies for treating these patients, and to provide detailed application methods of McConnell taping in order that physical therapists can readily use the taping in clinical setting. This study emphasized to illustrate biomechanical benefits of McConnell taping in controlling undesirable muscle activation by decreasing mechanical loads on specific muscles. McConnell taping may be helpful for the inhibition of overactive synergist or antagonists, the facilitation of inactive synergists, the promotion of proprioception, the optimization of joint alignment, pain reduction, and unloading of irritable neural tissue. This study provides taping examples of low back pain, sacroiliac joint dysfunction and lower extremity symptoms associated with these conditions, and discusses the possible mechanisms for their successful application.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-29
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• 2017

Background: Patients after rotator cuff (RC) surgery experienced pain, weakness and limited of motion of the shoulder. Physical therapists have used heat therapy, electrotherapy, range of motion (ROM) exercise and other methods to treat patients after RC surgery. In addition, functional taping is also used to support joint movement and to increase shoulder joint stability. Objects: The purpose of this study was to determine the initial effects of functional taping using non-elastic tape on pain, strength and ROM of the shoulder following RC surgery. Methods: Forty-eight patients with who underwent RC surgery volunteered for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG, $n_1=25$) and a control group (CG, $n_2=23$). First, non-allergic tape was applied to the shoulder to prevent skin irritation. The EG applied functional taping using non-elastic tape and the CG applied sham taping using elastic tape. Assessment tools included the shoulder pain and disability index for functional activity score, visual analog scale for level of pain, shoulder muscle strength, hand grip strength and ROM testing. Results: Pain score in the both group significantly decreased (p<.05), and change in pain score of in the EG increased significantly than in the CG (p<.05). Shoulder strength and ROM in the both group significantly increased (p<.05). Especially external rotation and extension of the shoulder ROM in the EG increased significantly more than in the CG (p<.05), but the rate of change in the two groups showed no significant difference. Conclusion: These results suggest that functional taping using non-elastic tape was initially effective in decreasing pain score level in patients with RC surgery.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제10권2호통권23호
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• pp.47-55
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• 2007

Objectives : To verify pain relief effects and allergy inhibitory action for the osteoarthritis of the knee joint in Sweet Bee Venom in which allergy causing enzyme is removed. Methods : We randomly allocated 36 participants to treatment group Sweet Bee Venom and Bee Venom. Outcomes on pain reduction were measured by 100mm VAS(Visual Analog Scale). And we recorded into details allergic responses during Pharmacopuncture treatment. Results : Whole body condition and pain rate through VAS measurement were improved significantly in 2 weeks. We could get difference in pain score of two Pharmacopuncture groups significantly in 2 weeks. BV group showed superior reduction in pain compared to the Sweet BV group. But we could not get difference in whole score of two pharmacopuncture groups significantly. On the other hand other allergic responses such as edema, itchiness, pain were significantly lower in the Sweet BV group.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.911-919
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• 2017

Objectives: The baobab tree is a multipurpose, widely-used species with medicinal properties and numerous food uses. The aim of study was to evaluate the effect of oral administration of baobab on the formalin-induced inflammatory pain in rat model injected into the orofacial regions. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 260-280 g were used. Pain in the orofacial region was induced using two models, 5% formalin was injected $50{\mu}l$ subcutaneously or $30{\mu}l$ in temporomandibular joint (TMJ), respectively. Rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6); formalin, formalin after distilled water (vehicle) or baobab (150, 300 mg/kg). The number of noxious behavioral responses with scratching the facial region was recorded for 9 successive 5-min intervals following formalin injection. Results:There was no significant difference in the first response to the pain between the formalin induced group and the drug administration group. However, in the secondary infusion group, all of the pain medication were responded (Bao 150, 300 mg/kg) (p<0.05). Conclusions:The results showed analgesic effect of baobab on formalin-induced orofacial inflammatory pain. This suggests that the natural product is an effective alternative to the postinflammatory pain control.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2021

Background: This study aimed to investigate the demographic characteristics of patients with knee pain caused by traffic accidents and test the effectiveness of Korean medicine (KM) treatment. Methods: The medical charts of 114 inpatients with knee pain caused by a traffic accident were reviewed from July 1, 2019 to October 31, 2019 at Bucheon Jaseng Hospital of KM. The patients' demographics including gender, age, period of hospitalization, and type of pharmacopuncture and herbal medicine prescribed were reviewed. The Numeric Rating Scale scores and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index scores were used to assess subjective knee pain. Results: There were more females (55%) than males in this study. Patients were more likely to be in their 30s (27.2%), be hospitalized for 11-14 days (41.2%), treated with Hwangryunhaedok pharmacopuncture (78.1%), and be prescribed Hwalhyeoljitong decoction (62.3%).The mean Numeric Rating Scale score for patients with knee pain caused by a traffic accident decreased significantly from 4.26 ± 1.39 to 2.53 ± 1.60 (p < 0.001), and the mean Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index score also decreased significantly from 32.72 ± 18.36 to 23.40 ± 15.80 (p < 0.001) following KM treatment. Conclusion: As a result of analyzing 114 hospitalized patients with knee joint pain due to TAs, inpatients were more likely to be female (55%), a patient in their 30s (27.2%), and be a patient hospitalized for 11-14 days (41.2%). KM treatment of traumatic knee injury using pharmacopuncture therapy and herbal medicine can be an may be effective at reducing pain, and healing functional disorders of the knee.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.93-107
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• 2023

This study aimed to design a knee brace with dry electrode EMS (Electrical Muscle Stimulation) for elite badminton players suffering from knee pain and assess its effectiveness in relieving pain and improving mobility. The assessment measured knee joint range of motion (ROM), Sargent jump height, and pain perception using a visual analog scale (VAS). Four experimental groups were established: stability, pain induction after 100 squats, muscle soreness induction with a regular knee brace, and muscle soreness induction with the EMS knee brace. The most suitable knee brace was selected from four samples to design the EMS knee brace. The conductive fabric was integrated into the inner surface of the knee brace to enhance EMS conductivity for the quadriceps muscles. Tensile strength tests showed that the dry electrode did not significantly affect the physical functionality of the knee brace.Regarding knee joint ROM and Sargent jump height, the EMS knee brace outperformed muscle soreness induction with a regular knee brace and wearing a standard knee brace. VAS measurements demonstrated that the EMS braces effectively alleviated pain perception in most cases. The results indicate the potential for developing EMS braces to alleviate pain and prevent injuries for athletes across various sports.