• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.79-86
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• 2022

Background: Bird dog exercise (BDE) is one of the lumbar stabilization exercises that rehabilitate low back pain by co-contraction of the local and global muscles. Previous studies have reported the effect of various type of BDEs (for example, practicing the exercises on various surfaces and changing the limb movement) for muscle co-contraction. Objects: This study aimed to investigate the effect of knee joint flexion position of the raised lower limb on abdominal and back muscle activity during BDE in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods: Thirteen males participated in this study (age: 32.54 ± 4.48 years, height: 177.38 ± 7.17 cm). Surface electromyographic (SEMG) data of the internal abdominal oblique (IO), external abdominal oblique (EO), lumbar multifidus (MF), and thoracic part of the iliocostalis lumborum (ICLT) were collected in two knee joint flexion positions (90° flexion versus 0° flexion) during BDE. The SEMG data were expressed as a percentage of root mean square mean values obtained in the maximal voluntary isometric contraction. Results: Greater muscle activity of the IO (p = 0.001), MF (p = 0.009), and ICLT (p = 0.021) of the raised lower limb side and the EO (p = 0.001) and MF (p = 0.009) of the contralateral side were demonstrated in the knee joint flexion position compared to the knee joint extension position. Greater local/global activity ratios of the abdominal muscle (i.e., IO and EO) of the raised lower limb (p = 0.002) and the back muscle (i.e., MF and ICLT) of the contralateral side (p = 0.028) were also noted in the knee joint flexion position. Conclusion: BDE with a knee joint flexion position might be recommended as an alternative lumbar stabilization exercise to enhance muscle activity in both the raised lower limb and the contralateral sides of the trunk for individuals with CLBP.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.239-244
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• 2018

Recently, many researches regarding the natural products which alternate with chemical products have been done. Among them, boswellia is well known for effect on anti-oxidative effect and inflammation. The aim was the effect boswellia of formalin- induced orofacial and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain on experimental animals was investigated. Experiments were carried out using subcutaneous (SC) pain model and TMJ pain model that were induced by the injection of 5% formalin into the right vibrissa pad (SC, $50{\mu}L$) or TMJ ($30{\mu}L$) of rats, respectively. In both models, formalin (5%), formalin after distilled water (vehicle), formalin after boswellia extract (p.o., concentrations of 15, 30 mg/kg) (n=6). The number of scratching on the injected region was scored during the 9 successive periods of 5 min intervals following injection of formalin. Oral administration of boswellia (15, 30 mg / kg) reduced formalin-induced SC orofacial pain behavioral responses. SC orofacial pain behavioral responses was significantly reduced at 20~35 min. In the experimental group injected into temporomandibular joints, the pain response was significantly reduced by $276.2{\pm}8.20$ and $78.3{\pm}4.7$ after oral administration of boswellia (15, 30 mg / kg) at $398.3{\pm}24.8$ times. As a result of the passage of time, the oral administration of boswellia showed a significant effect of reducing the temporomandibular joint pain 30 minutes after the injection of formalin. This study confirmed that oral administration of boswellia modulated the pain behavior in both models. In conclusion, boswellia extract may be a potential therapeutic treatment for orofacial pain.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2021

Various conditions such as pain or effusion of temporomandibular joint, degenerative condylar resorption, and articular disc displacement can be a cause of malocclusion. However, the reasons of occlusal changes are ambiguous in some patients. Unexpected occlusal change in patients with or without temporomandibular disorder (TMD) symptom was mostly caused by masticatory muscular disorders. This article reports two cases of recovery of occlusal relationship in TMDs patients after stabilization splint therapy. Stabilization splint therapy could be useful in certain conditions of occlusal changes in TMD.

• Oral Biology Research
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.269-271
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• 2018

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory joint disorder characterized by sacroiliitis, spondylitis and enthesitis. Patients suffering from AS may also have extra-articular symptoms, such as uveitis, bowl disease, heart, lung, skin, bone and kidney involvement, but vary widely in severity and prevalence. Facial manifestation of AS include eye involvement and temporomandibular joint involvement. In this study, a case of an AS that mimicked dental pain was presented.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.286-289
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• 2002

In the treatment of mandibular condylar fractures, arthrocentesis, lavage and selective intermaxillary fixation were performed after closed reduction. In this lavage group, the physiotherapy performed for 3-6 months after injury. in control group, continuous intermaxillary fixation was done for 1-3 weeks, and physiotherapy followed in the same method of the lavage group. In the comparative study of the both groups, the following results are shown. 1. Compared to control group, the lavage group had a slightly superior result at range of motion, joint pain and occlusal deviation, from I day after arthrocentesis to 6 months after injury. 2. The significant differences between both groups were seen at range of motion and joint pain in 1 month after injury. 3. At 6 months after injury, the differences between both groups were not significant at range of motion, joint pain and occlusal deviation. From this study, in the mandibular condylar fracture, the arthrosentesis, lavage and selective intermaxillary fixation after closed reduction can improve symptoms such as joint pain and occlusal deviation, also increase range of motion. in this therapeutic way, intracapsular hemarthrosis which can cause TMJ ankylosis or dysfunction can be removed effectively. in addition, patient's discomfort such as swallowing disturbance, speech disturbance and emotional stress can be reduced signuficantly.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.975-983
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• 2006

Degenerative arthritis is characterized by progressive degenerative change, particularly change occurring to the joint due to the burden of body weight. Arthritis means inflammation occurring to the joint: it causes pain and limits exercise involving movement of the joint. Edema is not a disease but a condition which is accompanied by progression of a certain disease. Degenerative arthritis patients also have various diseases and mostly brings edema. Even though the cause is known to be abrasion of the joints, there are many cases in which walking difficulties are caused by pressure and pain due to edema. We found patients with walking difficulties caused by pain and increase of pressure in the joints walk better after treatment of both the pain and edema.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.197-207
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to report the effect of Korean medical treatment on 4 patients with acute traumatic meniscal tear, presenting severe knee pain and limitation of range of motion of the knee joint. Methods : 4 patients with acute traumatic meniscal tear had been treated with acupuncture, herbal treatment, moxibustion, and wet-cupping therapy. From administration to discharge, we recorded subjective pain by using a visual analogue scale and by measuring the range of motion of the knee joint once per week. Results : The visual analogue scale of knee pain of all 4 cases reduced to 0 after treatment. The range of motion of the knee joint also increased considerably after treatment. Conclusions : In this study, Korean medical treatment may have been effective in reducing knee pain and increasing the range of motion of the knee joint.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.283-292
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of early knee joint exercise education program on pain, knee ROM, and satisfaction among patients with a total knee replacement arthroplasty. Methods: An experimental study with non-equivalent groups was conducted using 32 patients for an experimental group and 32 patients for a control group. The experimental group received knee joint exercise education including systemic continuous passive motion (CPM) exercise and knee exercise. The control group received conventional CPM exercise. Pain, flexion and flexion contracture range of motion, and patient satisfaction were evaluated by $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, and repeated measures ANOVA using the SPSS 23.0 Windows program. Results: There were a significant improvement in patients' knee flexion and satisfaction in the experimental group compared to the control group. There was no significant difference in pain and flexion contracture between the two groups. Conclusion: The findings suggest that the proposed education program is efficient and effective when providing nursing care after a total knee replacement arthroplasty.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.11-17
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• 2008

Purpose: This study examined the application of electric stimulation to the auricle acupoint (frequency 2 Hz, stimulation level: noxious) with 30 elderly people over 65 years that received treatment in a rural hospital to determine the influence of pain, gait and balance in the aged with knee joint disease. Methods: The subjects were divided into three groups; the degenerative joint diseases (DJD) group (1 male, 9 females), the total knee replacement (TKR) group (1 male, 9 females) and the control group (1 male, 9 females). Auricualr electrical stimulation (AES) was applied with low frequency, high intensity transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for 10 seconds per each point. Results: 1. For the change of pain according to AES, there was interaction in the resting period (p<0.001) and gait (p<0.001) and pain of the DJD group and TKR group was decreased. 2. The range of motion (ROM) of the knee joint showed a significant difference in interaction for each group of elderly people (p<0.001) and the ROM for the DJD group and TKR group of elderly people was increased. 3. In the analysis of gait speed changes, there was a significant difference in interaction for each group of elderly people (p<0.001) and for gait speed in the DJD group and TKR group of elderly people. 4. It was found in the change of static balance that there was a significant difference in interaction for each group of elderly people (p<0.01) and balance capacity in the DJD group and TKR group of elderly people was increased. Conclusion: The aged with knee joint disease have pain, and a decreased function of gait and balance. AES was an excellent treatment for control of pain, and an excellent treatment to enhanced joint functions. AES was useful for improving gait and balance due to decreased pain.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.75-82
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• 2013

Objective : This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the prescription Dokhwalkigisaengtangagambang(DGG) and Gamisayuktanggagambang(GSG), which has been utilized in the treatment of joint disease, for improving low back and knee joint pain. Methods : In the patients for the clinical studies, control group was 28 cases, experimental group was 41 cases. All subjects had low back pain and knee pain. The experimental group was treated with DGG or GSG, the control group was treated with 17 prescriptions. VAS (Visual Analag Scale), WOMAC (Western Ontario and McMasters Universties Osteoarthritis Index) and ODI (Oswestry Low back pain Disability index) measured before and after the prescription administration. Results : In the difference of VAS score, the experimental group (p <0.001) and the control group (p <0.001) were decreased significantly before and after the administration of prescription, and in the comparisons between the experimental group and the control group, experimental group was decreased significantly compared to the control group(p = 0.008). In the WOMAC score, there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. In the difference of ODI items score, lifting (p = 0.020) and sleeping (p = 0.028) index were decreased significantly before and after the administration of prescription. Conclusion : The results indicated that the prescription DGG and GSG can reduce knee pain and low back pain. This study will be helpful for improving joint disease.