• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.85-97
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• 1995

Orthopaedic medicine was developed and published by James Cyriax, a British Orthopaedic Physician on 1929. Orthopaedic medicine is concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue lesions. These disorders affect a substantial proportion of all patients in general and in particular, physiotherapy and sports clinics. In broad terms these disorders em trace conditions. such as arthritis. rheumatism. fibrositis. backache. lumbago, sciatica, frozen shoulder, tennis elbow, strained wrist, sprains, aches, inflanmation and sports injuries generally. The soft Moving tissues share one thing in common - they are all radiotranslucent and the tissues in question are the joint capsule, the ligaments, the fasciae, dural sheath. These structures can cause pain but none of them is visible on the radiograph. Dr. Cyriax divided all soft tissues into two basic types : 1) Contractile tissue, 2) Inert or noncontractile tissue. The mechanism of diagnosis is tension applied manually. The physician subjects each tissue about the incriminated joint to tension in turn which they call 'Selective tension' with Cyriax's assessment, a more definitive diagnosis can be obtained and proper treatment can be implemented.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.37 no.8
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• pp.1051-1057
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• 2013

In this study, an automatic surface-strain measurement system called "ASIAS-bio" has been developed. This system can be used even in cases in which it is very difficult to apply a regular grid pattern necessary for measuring surface-strain, such as curved or uneven surfaces; surfaces damaged by corrosion or contamination; or soft materials such as rubber, foam, and biological tissues. This system works independently of the measurement conditions including the material and its surface condition, grid pattern and size, grid marking method, and degree of deformation. A comparison between the strain distributions of the sheet metal parts measured by using this system and those obtained by a commercial system showed that this system was sufficiently reliable. In addition, the deformation of the swine joint capsule and human knee skin was measured by using this system to demonstrate its usefulness.

• Anatomy and Cell Biology
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2023

Fixation of radial head fracture with minimally invasive posterior approach remains a significant challenge. The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of trans-anconeus posterior elbow approach and to observe lateral ulnar collateral ligament (LUCL) in extended elbows. This cadaveric study was performed in twenty upper limbs of fresh fixed adult male cadavers. An oblique incision was made in the middle segment of anconeus until the lateral ligament complex and the joint capsule had been revealed. A deep dissection was explored to observe the anatomical relationship of the LUCL to the anconeus. Measurements of the LUCL were recorded while the elbow was fully extended. The mean distance between the edge of the radial head and the proximal insertion of the LUCL was 13.3 mm (11.5-16.2 mm); the mean distance between the edge of the radial head and the distal insertion of the LUCL was 20.9 mm (19.2-23.4 mm); the distance between the edge of the radial head and the distal edge of the annular ligament was 11.2 mm (8.22-11.7 mm). By estimate correlation of the previous measurements, the direct and accessible way to expose the posterolateral articular capsule of the elbow joint was through a window in medial 2/3 of the middle segment of anconeus muscle. These trans-anconeus approach is useful. It provides good visualization, facilitates applying the implants, and lessens the risk of radial nerve injury. Awareness of the anatomy is mandatory to avoid injury of LUCL.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.204-208
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• 2007

Purpose: To evaluate the results of surgical reconstruction of lateral capsule-ligament complex with reinforcement by periosteal flap of distal fibula and inferior extensor retinaculum for chronic lateral ankle instability. Materials and Methods: From April 2003 to August 2006, 62 patients with chronic lateral ankle instability were operated. There were 38 males and 24 females with a mean age of 39.6 years (range, $18{\sim}61$ years). Mean follow-up period was 32 months (range, $10{\sim}48$ months). All patients were checked with preoperative ankle anteroposterior and lateral view, stress anterior drawer and varus test using Telos device. The clinical results were graded according to the VAS and AOFAS scale. Results: VAS score improved from preoperative 8.2 points to 3.1 points. There were 38 patients who were excellent (above 90 points), 18 who were good (between 76 and 90 points), 5 who were fair (between 60 and 75 points), and 1 who was poor (below 60 points) according to the AOFAS ankle and hindfoot scale. The excellent and good results amounted to 90.3%. Conclusion: Surgical reconstruction of lateral capsule-ligament complex with reinforcement by periosteal flap of distal fibula and inferior extensor retinaculum is believed to be a effective method for chronic lateral ankle instability.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 2013

Flap tear is a type of displaced meniscal fragments that is often clinically significant lesions requiring surgical intervention. If the displaced tear is located inferomedial to the tibial plateau and incarcerated into the articular capsule, it can be overlooked from preoperative magnetic resonance imaging evaluation and escape detection during arthroscopic examination. In addition, the clinical feature and treatment result of incarcerated flap tear has not been reported. We present 2 cases of medial meniscus flap tear incarcerated into the articular capsule that showed specific clinical features, in order to emphasize the importance of clinical suspicion of such a lesion for accurate preoperative diagnosis.

• Journal of the Korean Arthroscopy Society
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.64-67
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• 1998

A ganglion cyst is a soft tissue mass that is surrounded by a dense connective-tissue capsule. The capsule is filled with a viscous fluid that is rich in hyaluronic acid and other mucopolysaccharides. But, Ganglion cysts in the knee joint are rare. There are very few case reports of ganglion cysts related to the surface of the anterior cruciate ligament, Posterior cruciate ligament and medial meniscus. We are reporting a case of a ganglion cyst in the anterior aspect of the anterior cruciate ligament accompanying with discoid lateral meniscus in the right knee of a 46-year-old woman without any history of trauma. The cyst and discoid lateral meniscus were treated successfully with arthroscopic excision and partial meniscectomy.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.308-313
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• 2011

Posterior cervical foraminotomy is an attractive therapeutic option in selected cases of cervical radiculopathy that maintains cervical range of motion and minimize adjacent-segment degeneration. The focus of this procedure is to preserve as much of the facet as possible with decompression. Posterior cervical inclinatory foraminotomy (PCIF) is a new technique developed to offer excellent results by inclinatory decompression with minimal facet resection. The highlight of our PCIF technique is the use of inclinatory drilling out for preserving more of facet joint. The operative indications are radiculopathy from cervical foraminal stenosis (single or multilevel) with persistent or recurrent root symptoms. The PCIFs were performed between April 2007 and December 2009 on 26 male and 8 female patients with a total of 55 spinal levels. Complete and partial improvement in radiculopathic pain were seen in 26 patients (76%), and 8 patients (24%), respectively, with preserving more of facet joint. We believe that PCIF allows for preserving more of the facet joint and capsule when decompressing cervical foraminal stenosis due to spondylosis. We suggest that our PCIF technique can be an effective alternative surgical approach in the management of cervical spondylotic radiculopathy.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.257-267
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• 1995

An Epidemiologic study was carried out on 77 TMD patients with degenerative joint disease who had visited the Orofacial Pain Clinic in Pusan National University Hospital. Al subjects were interviewed and examined clinically and radiologically using a standardized examination form. As related to gender and duration, subjective and objective sysmptoms in DJD patients were studied. The obtained results were as follows : 1. There were much more patients in the twenties or thirties, women and histories such as chronic duration and microtrauma. 2. Most patients responded positively more often to the questions of jaw function, unilateral chewing in habits, poot appetite and depression in behavioral response and shoulder pain in worsening prognosis 3. While the most common reasons for treatment were pain, noise, and limitation of opening, the associated symptoms such as headache, neckache, earache, jaw dysfunction, neck dysfunction, acute bite change and dizziness, ringing or fullness in the ears as secondary CNS excitatory effects were complained. 4. Opening the mouth in 25 to 40mm, soft end feel and deflective incisal pathway were seen and more tenderness to lateral or dorsal capsule of joint than intra or extra oral muscles were complained. 5. While there appeared no click, crepitus and single click in acute group, in chronic group, crepitus, single click and no click appeared in order of sequence. 6. Tomogram or bone scan revealed more bony changes than panorama and transcranial view.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.129-137
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• 2003

A single subject experimental design (alternating treatment design) was used to compare the effects of only ultrasound and ultrasound combined with stretching of the joint capsule on the ROM increase and pain reduction in patients with frozen shoulder. Two subjects were included in each group. In the only ultrasound treatment sessions, ultrasound was applied at the pain point of the shoulder joint in supine position. In the ultrasound combined with stretching treatment sessions, ultrasound was applied at the pain point of the shoulder joint positioned in external rotation and abduction in sitting position. Only ultrasound treatment and ultrasound combined with stretching treatment were alternately performed on each patient. Pain and disability was measured by shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI), and range of motion (ROM) was measured by scratch test. The results of this study showed that ultrasound combined with stretching treatment were more effective than only ultrasound treatment in ROM increase and pain reduction. However, disability score was not significantly different.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.354-359
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• 2023

The temporomandibular joint is a unique structure composed of the joint capsule, articular disc, mandibular condyles, glenoid fossa of the temporal bone, surrounding ligaments, and associated muscles. The condyle is one of the major components of a functional temporomandibular joint. Reconstruction of large mandibular defects involving the condyle is a surgical challenge for oral and maxillofacial surgeons. To restore large mandibular defects, there are different options for free flap method such as fibula, scapula, and iliac crest. Currently, the vascularized fibula free flap is the gold standard for reconstruction of complex mandibular defects involving the condyle. In the present report, neocondyle regeneration after mandible reconstruction including the condyle head with fibula free flap was evaluated. In this report, two patients were evaluated periodically, and remodeling of the distal end of the free fibula was observed in both cases after condylectomy or mandibulectomy. With preservation of the articular disc, trapezoidal shaping of the neocondyle, and elastic guidance of occlusion, neocondyle bone regeneration occured without ankylosis. Preservation of the articular disc and maintenance of proper occlusion are critical factors in regeneration of the neocondyle after mandible reconstruction.