• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.2
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• pp.19-34
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to analysis level on family caregiver's burden for the elderly with chronic disease in a rural area and to choose priority care group, thereby facilitating the development of interventions to reduce the caregiver's burden. For this purpose, data were collected by questionaire from June 10 to October 8, 1994. The instruments for data collection were Caregiver Burden Inventory by Novak(1989) and Zarit et al(1982), severity of dementia by Hughes Scales(1982), ADL by Lawton(1971), patients' family caregiving activity by pre-survey and reference review(Lee, 1993 ; Jang, 1990 ; Yoo, 1982). The subjects were 213 family caregiver of elderly with chronic disease in a rural area. The data was analysed by the use of t-test, ANOVA, correlation and multiple regression. The results were as follows ; 1. Total burden was evaluated below average, the mean of family burden was 46.98. By the diagnostic classification, Hypertension was 27.37, DM 32.46, CVA 62.96, Dementia 61.24. 2. Significant variables which were correlated to the family caregiver's burden were the patient's disease diagnosis (F=33.82, p<0.001), severity of dementia(F=30.52, p<0.001), the status of disease management(F=11.53, p<0.001), ADL(F=10.54, p<0.001), PADL(F=7.50, p<0.001), income(F=7.17, p<0.001), caregiver's health status(F=24.53, p<0.001), a view of patient's prognosis (F=22.17, p<0.001), relationship with the patient(F=33.82, p<0.001), the number of hours per day spent on caregiving(F=77.52, p<0.001), level of intimacy of caregiver and patients(F=8.75, p<0.001), level of helping(F=4.90, p<0.01), the frequency of caregiving activity(F=3.80, p<0.01), the number of admission(F=5.54, p<0.01), the length of caregiving(F=4.43, p<0.01), other chronic patient in family(t=2.81, p<0.01), caregiver's job(F=3.11, p<0.01), the duration of illness(F=2.98, p<0.05), caregiver's religion(F=2.93, p<0.05), medical security(F=3.89, p<0.05), caregiving's helper(t=2.42, p<0.05). 3. PADL was the most important predictor to family caregiver burden(R2=0.6611). In addition to this, IADL, caregiver's health status, the length of caregiving. level of intimacy of caregiver and patients, patient's age, the patient's disease diagnosis and patient's job accounted for 76% of family caregiver burden. 4. The criteria of priority care group were as follows ; the mean of family caregiver burden was above 58, above of moderate ADL, the number of hours per day spent on caregiving above of 8 hours, above of moderate dementia. By the diagnostic classification, number of priority care group, Hypertension was 4 (8.0%), DM 4(8.0%), CVA 34(64.1%), Dementia 45(75.0%).

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to explore housing cost burden of young single- or two-person households in the United States who have recently moved for job-related reasons. Total 580 households were selected from 2009 American Housing Survey public-use microdata for data analysis. The findings are as follows: (1) Targeted single-person households were characterized as younger households with higher educational attainment, lower household income, and greater proportion of renters, multifamily housing residents and households with housing cost burden than other households; (2) two-person households showed a higher income level and lower housing cost burden; (3) characteristics that showed significant influences on housing cost burden were household size, householder's age, gender, race and educational attainment, household income level and tenure type; and (4) a linear combination of household size, household income, whether or not a low-income household, residency in metropolitan area, and home structural type were found to be most efficient to predict a single- or two-person household's housing cost burden regardless of the household size.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.187-203
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation between burden and teaching effectiveness on clinical nursing practice. The subjects were collected 135 clinical nurses who have taught nursing students and worked at hospitals which have over 400 beds in Seoul, Inchon, and Kyoung-gi Do. The instruments used in this study were : the burden on clinical nursing education was measured by Montgomery (1985) developed and visual analogue scale, and effectiveness of clinical instruction was measured by Reeve (1994) developed. The results of this study were as follows. 1) Seeing that the general characteristics of participants : average ages we 32.8 years old, 29.6% of them have Catholics in religions. 75.6% of them were graduated from 3-year nursing college. 20.7% of nurses are working at the surgery ward and I.C.U in each. Clinical nursing career is average 10.03 years, clinical instructional career is 5.22 years, and clinical teaching time is 5.26 hours in a day. Contents of clinical teaching were composed of basic nursing skills 80.7%, orientation 78.5%, inspection(making rounds) 71.9%. 2) The mean score of the burden on clinical nursing instructor was 2.42 by Montgomery's scale and 4.69 by the visual analogue scale. Theses scores represented that subjects were not affected burden highly. The mean score of leaching effectiveness on clinical nursing education was 3.47 and the almost items were found to have higher level. 3) There is no statistically significant differences in the burden according to general characteristics. And the teaching effective ness on clinical nursing education according to general characteristics regarding the age, job position, clinical career and clinical educational time were shown statistically significant differences. 4) There is a negative correlation between the burden and teachin effectiveness on clinical nursing education with a correlation efficient(r=-0.396, p<0.01). Further study is recommended to explore the meaning of burden experiences of clinical instructor deeply and to identify the correlation between the burden of clinical instructor and teaching effectiveness as the job position, and to analysis differences in teaching effectiveness as subcategories.

• Journal of Korean Clinical Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.115-127
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• 2013

Purpose: This study aimed to describe how nurses in neurological intensive care units (ICU) perceive their roles about patient transfer and liaison. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a questionnaire developed for the study. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 115 nurses working in the neurological intensive care units ofsix university hospitals. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 15.0). Results: Staff nurses were mainly in charge of patient transfer, and the awareness about its importance was significantly related with the burden about the practice of patient transfer (p<.001). Patient liaison was mainly conducted by staff nurses as well. Liaison practice wassuggested to be started from the ICU at the time of transfer; the suggested time for completion of liaison service and evaluation was when patients were adjusted to the transferred ward. Preparing job descriptions and increasing nursing staffing for patient liasion service were strongly recommended. Conclusion: The results suggest that the ICU nurses' burden in relation to patient transfer is commensurate with their awareness about itsimportance. To improve the continuity of care from ICU to transferred ward, it isrequired to reduce the burden about patient transfer and improve perceptions about patient liaison.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.93-104
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship among infertility stress, depression and Resilience of infertile women during infertility treatment. Methods: As a descriptive study, we surveyed 129 infertile women in 1 fertility center from November 2014 to January 2015. The data was analyzed in SPSS WIn 18.0 program. Results: Infertility stress, depression, and resilience averaged $3.23{\pm}.32$ (range of scale 1~6), $1.42{\pm}.39$ (range of scale 1~4), and $3.45{\pm}.35$ (range of scale 1~5), respectively. There was significant difference in infertility stress by job, abortion experience after pregnancy with infertility treatments, anxiety of high risk pregnancy, burden of pregnancy, important of having child. There was significant difference in depression by job, Economy burden on infertility treatment, burden of pregnancy. Infertility stress had a positive correlation with depression (r=.192. p<.029) Resilience had a negative correlation with depression (r=-.349. p<.001). Conclusion: It is necessary to provide infertile women with the counseling on their infertility stress and depression, and the intervention programs for infertile women is expected to help them cope and adapt with their personal and marital problems, reduce their negative emotions, and thus promote their quality of life.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.549-558
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• 2018

This study was conducted to define the level of job stress and to determine its association with sociodemographic and health related characteristics, as well as job-related factors. The subjects surveyed were 1,240 out of 119 rescue workers who worked in 14 fire stations across the country by self-administered questionnaires during the period of 1 March, to 30 April, 2016. As a result, the score of job stress was significantly higher in the unmarried, no coffee drinking, poor subjective sleep evaluation, unhealthy, lower position, lower job career, hard physical burden of work, job dissatisfaction, unfit for job groups without group of consider quitting the job than their respective counterparts. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the factors influencing job stress included coffee drinking, subjective sleep evaluation, job career, physical burden of work, sense of satisfaction in work, fitness for the job and considering quitting the job. Overall, the results of this study results suggest that the job stress of 119 rescue workers is influenced by variable factors as well as sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors and job-related characteristics.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.35-48
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• 2016

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of job stress on organizational commitment among nurse working in small sized general hospitals and determine moderating effects of job satisfaction. Methods : A self-report questionnaire survey was completed by 292 nurses working at five small sized hospitals in P and K. Data were collected during March 2015 and analyzed with the SPSS 21.0 program. Results : Job satisfaction was a positive factor in organizational commitment. Job satisfaction had significant moderating effects on the relationship between job stress and organizational commitment of nurses working in small sized general hospitals. Conclusions : The results of this study indicate that various job stresses and job satisfaction have a significant effect on the organizational commitment of nurses working in small sized general hospitals. Therefore, to decrease the job stress and increase the job satisfaction of nurses working in small sized general hospitals, consideration must be given to improving the financial and psychological rewards as well as providing differentiated job training. To reduce the psychological burden of nurses, it is necessary to develop adaptation programs of nurses.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.107-113
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• 2017

The results showed that the male teachers' have higher expectations of the free learning semester compared to the female teachers'. Furthermore, the teachers who had experienced the free learning semester felt less job burdens than the teachers who did not. In addition, the subject teachers showed higher expectations of the free learning semester than the general teachers or the homeroom teachers. Therefore, in order to establish a stable system of free learning semester, it should be preceded by development of differentiated program of special education, free learning semester, strengthening of advance training, establishment of the system for participating in the whole school and the simplification of administration.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.25
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• pp.223-242
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• 2008

Today, businesses are under rapidly changing environments that are characterized as stopless competition and uncertainty. Under this circumstance, workers are exposed to much stress that is induced by factors such as lots of job burden, responsibility, role conflicts, role ambiguity, interpersonal conflicts, pressure related to job performance and lots of job-related requests. Unlike workers of other industries, those of distribution business may be more exposed to stress because they serve in unique work conditions. Therefore, distribution workers have an accumulate fatigue of their own, suffering from health problems that are stress-induced. Distribution businesses should positively try to identify factors that fall their workers into stress, making those workers less stressful and preventing their negative job performance. Efforts to reduce workers' stress can not only improve their physical and mental health, but also raise business competitiveness. Thus the purpose of this study is to investigate how much distribution workers' job role, interpersonal relations and job environment are influential to their job stress and thereon determine relations between job stress and job performance.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.99-109
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• 2018

Objectives: The study was conducted to understand job stress and fatigue conditions by dividing nurses in a polyclinic-level public medical institution, Seoul with more than 600 beds into ward nurses and non-ward nurses and to comprehend sub-areas of job stress that affect fatigue. Methods: A survey was conducted from August 18 2014 to September 12 2014, so 216 cases were analyzed by using PASW statistics 18.0. Results: Job stress of ward nurses is significantly high in the psychological burden of nursing service area and medical limit. Fatigue of ward nurses is also higher. As a result of multiple Linear regression, nursing service area affects fatigue of ward nurses and there is no significant influence factors in non-ward nurses. Conclusion: Therefore, mental health education and interest of hospital in nursing service area are more needed for ward nurses with high job stress and fatigue among nurses.