• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제22권6호
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• pp.707-712
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• 1994

Yeast screening for effective production of alcohol from Jerusalem artichoke tubers as an alternative energy source was performed. Inulin assimilative strains with high alcohol tolera- nce were isolated from wild sources and cultured in the liquid media of Jerusalem artichoke powder varying its concentraion from 15 to 30%. As a result, four strains of 2,445 isolates showing the inulin assimilation were selected as alcohol fermentative and alcohol tolerant yeasts. These strains were assignated to be Kluyveromyces marxianus F043 and Kluyveromyces sp. F173, E040, and F334, respectively, by their cultural and physiological characteristics. The F043 strain produced ethanol of 98.1 g/l in the 25% Jerusalem artichoke medium for 3 days.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.440-443
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• 2008

This study was aimed to investigate the difference for carbohydrate accumulation in both the red skinned tuber and white skinned tuber of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.), and to evaluate their tuber yield of seven lines collected from Korea. Jerusalem artichoke tubers were divided into two groups regarding to their skinned colors. Red skinned tuber collected from Euisung region showed the lowest tuber yield as 3,100 kg per 10a, otherwise white skinned tuber collected from Imdong region resulted in the highest tuber production as 6,300 kg per 10a among the six kinds of white skinned tubers. Yield of white skinned tuber was higher than that of red skinned tuber. It was inferred from the result that carbohydrate accumulation in white skinned tuber was highly increased compared to red skinned tuber since after early tuber enlargement.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1990

Pericarp and seedcoat removal treatments were tested to determine their effectiveness in the hard-to-germinate botanical seeds of jerusalem artichoke. Fresh seed of five Helianthus tuberosus L.varieties were (A)untreated (B)water soaked overnight (C) soaked overnight followed by renoval of pericarp or (D) soaked overnight followed by renoval of pericarp and seedcoat. The results indicate that treatments which removed the pericarp and seedcoat were the very effective, giving germination of over 90%. A considerable increase in germination did not follow only the peri-carp removal treatments. The factors inhibitory to germination of fresh jerusalem artichoke seed is associated withthe seedcoat. The removal treatment of pericarp and seed-cost is recommended despite its complexity because it givesa high germination percentage and varies least from varietyto variety. Heliarthus tuberosus L., a biomass potential crop, is a member of the family compositae. The genus Helianthushas provided man with two food plants, the sunflower (H.annus) and the jerusalem artichoke or topinambour (H. tube-rosus) . (3) The jerusalem artichoke grown for its tubers, has always been an extremely minor crop, but it is stillgrown in many places as a food for man or livestock and forthe production of alcohoL. Though tubers are used for pro-pagation jerusalem artichoke also flower and produce seedin head-like in florescences. Flowers are developed acro-petaLly on flattened receptacles such that outermost flowers are oldest. Each of these epigynous flowers may develop an achene-type fruit in which outer layers of the overy wallpersist, while inner layers become disorganized. Insidethe ovary wall of mature fruit, there is a papery seedcoat, probably composed of compact cells from endosperm, integu-ments, and nucellus.In general, the efforts to improving this crop havebeen hampered by the hard-to-germinate botanical seed.Seeds did not germinate for at least IL months after harvest.Fresh seeds of some varieties require one year more to gar-minate. (5) Since the time factor between generations isof concern in a prospective breeding program of jerusalemartichoke , these observations led to investigation of thenature of delayed seed germination in jerusalem artichokeas a biomass potential crop.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.101-109
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• 2010

Efficient L-lactic acid production from Jerusalem artichoke tubers, by Lactobacillus casei G-02, using simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) in a fed-batch culture, is demonstrated. A kinetic analysis of the SSF revealed that the inulinase activity was subjected to product inhibition, whereas the fermentation activity of G-02 was subjected to substrate inhibition. It was also found that the intracellular NADH oxidase (NOX) activity was enhanced by the citrate metabolism, which dramatically increased the carbon flux of the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas (EMP) pathway, along with the production of ATP. As a result, when the SSF was carried out at $40^{\circ}C$ after an initial hydrolysis of 1 h and included a sodium citrate supplement of 10 g/l, an L-lactic acid concentration of 141.5 g/l was obtained after 30 h, with a volumetric productivity of 4.7 g/l/h. The conversion efficiency and product yield were 93.6% of the theoretical lactic acid yield and 52.4 g lactic acid/l00 g Jerusalem artichoke flour, respectively. Such a high concentration of lactic acid with a high productivity from Jerusalem artichokes has not been reported previously, making G-02 a potential candidate for the economic production of L-lactic acid from Jerusalem artichokes on a commercial scale.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.119-124
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• 1983

돼지감자 괴경에서의 알콜 생산을 위한 균주 선발에서, 먼저 11종의 효모를 YNB-inulin 배지에서 inulase 생성에 대한 실험 결과 K. fragilis와 K. marxianus가 각각 0.124unit/ml와 0.116unit/ml로 가장 양호하였으며, 다음으로 돼지감자 괴경착즙액에서 36시간 알콜 발효 실험을 행한 결과 알콜 발효능이 70% 이상인 균주는 K. fragilis, K. marxianus 및 T. colliculosa였으며, 이중 K. fragilis가 82.8%로 가장 좋은 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 위 세 균주 및 S. cerevisiae의 알콜 발효 kinetic parameter들을 비교 분석한 결과 K. fragilis가 가장 좋은 균주로 판명되었다. 즉, 균체 수득율$(Y_{x/s})$은 0.07g/g으로 다른 균주에 비하여 가장 적었으며, 알콜 수득율은 0.45(이론치의 88%)로 S. cerevisiae의 0.47(이론치의 92%)보다 낮았으나, 알콜 생성속도$(q_p)$, 알콜 발효 속도(Q) 및 알콜 발효능(F) 값은 각각 1.53g/g-hr, 2.35g/l-hr 및 77%로 다른 균에 비하여 가장 높았다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.304-309
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• 1993

돼지감자 괴경의 수확시기 및 저장온도에 따른 가용성당의 조성변화를 HPLC 방법으로 조사하였다. 성숙된 괴경의 가용성당은 저온충격을 받은 후 수확한 시료에서부터 급격히 변화하여 봄에 수확한 시료의 경우, 중합도가 높은 GF8이상의 inulin은 총당의 66.4%에서 25.4%로 감소한 반면, GF2부터 GF7까지의 fructo 올리고당은 28.8%에서 61%로, sucrose는 3.4%에서 13.6%로 각각 증가하였다. 이러한 자가효소에 의한 inulin의 fructo 올리고당 및 sucrose로의 전환은 저온 충격을 받지않은 괴경을 $4^{\circ}C$에서 저장할 때에도 나타나서 $25{\sim}34$일 저장으로 거의 비슷한 결과를 보였다. 이와는 달리 fructo 올리고당이 61%에 달하는 3월 수확시료를 각각 $25^{\circ}C{\sim}40^{\circ}C$에서 3일간 저장한 경우에는 fructo 올리고당은 감소하나 sucrose는 증가하며 GF8이상의 inulin도 증가하거나 일정하여 저온저장과는 달리 fructo 올리고당이 감소하고 inulin의 합성이 일어나는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 괴경내의 fructo 올리고당 함량을 최대화하기 위해서는 돼지감자괴경을 포장에서 월동시켜 3월 중순에 수확하거나 또는 저온 충격을 받지 않은 것을 저온저장하는 것이 효과적인 방법으로 보인다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.157-161
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• 1987

In order to utilize the tuber of Jerusalem artichoke (Jerusalem tuberosus L.) which has been considered one of the most economical resources for bioenergy, the tubers of the plant were processed into silage in 11 lab-silo with three levels of mixture of concentrates i.e. 10, 20, 30%. The silage was stored for 20 to 40 days before analyses. The quality of silage was compared with those of the tube-only silage without concentrates. Aproximate composition, pH, ammonium nitrogen, total nitrogen, and organic acids were analyzed. The results obtained are summarized ; 1. With the mixture of concentrates, the water content of the silage was able to be adjusted to 70 percent and NDF significantly increased (P<0.05) while ADF significantly decreased. 2. The content of water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) was significantly decreased in silages of the mixture of concentrate and the tuber (P<0.05), while total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen increased. 3. Tube-only silage gave satisfaction in fermentation, particularly organic-acid fermentation. As the storage period extended, Flieg's score of the silage was improved. Conclusively, the tuber of Jerusalem artichoke found to satisfy the requirements of good silage and to be recommended as a good resource for all-inane silage provided the tuber was ensilaged with 20 to 30 percent concentrate.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.1979-1985
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• 2016

Background: Complementary and alternative medicine has been highly appreciated as a supportive regimen for classical treatment strategies. Here we offer a nutrition-based adjuvant therapy for liver fibrosis, a major risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Aim of the study: To evaluate the possible hepatoprotective effects of Jerusalem artichoke tubers (JAT) in combination with interferon and ribavirin. Materials and Methods: Twelve groups of rats were administered JAT, interferon and ribavirin either separately or in combination from day one of $CCL_4$ administration until the end of the study. Animals were killed after 8 weeks of $CCL_4$-induced hepatotoxicity. Results: Hepatocytes from rats treated with triple combination of interferon, ribavirin, and JAT showed more less normal architecture compared to $CCL_4$-treated rats. We also detected significantly higher hepatic protein expression levels of p53, BAX and transforming growth factor-${\beta}$ (TGF-${\beta}$) in the $CCL_4$-intoxicated group compared to normal controls, as evidenced by immunohistochemical staining and western blotting analyses. Addition of JAT as a supportive regimen improved response to ribavirin and interferon and effectively participated in retaining normal histopathological and biochemical criteria and significantly lowered protein expression of p53, BAX, and TGF-${\beta}$. Conclusions: We suggest that addition of JAT as a supportive r egimen to interferon and ribavirin effectively potentiates their anti-fibrotic effects.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.565-570
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• 1993

가공 과정 중 갈변에 관여하는 돼지감자의 peroxidase가 ammonium sulfate, DEAE-cellulose column, Sephacryl S-200 column chromatography에 의하여 36.65배로 정제되었다. 이 효소는 p-phenylenediamine을 기질로 사용하였을 때 pH5.0가 활성 최적 pH이었으며 pH $5.0{\sim}6.0$의 범위에서 비교적 안정하였다. 열 불활성화 곡선은 1차 곡선에서 벗어났고 60, 70, $80^{\circ}C$에서의 D값은 각각 86, 45, 33초이었으며 활성화에너지는 4,111 J/mole이었다. 이 효소의 기질특이성은 amine류 중에서 p-phenylenediamine과 가장 친화력이 좋았고 potassium cyanate, sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, L-ascorbic acid, sodium hydrosulfite, L-cysteine에 의해 활성이 완전히 억제되었으며 $Ca^{2+},\;Cu^{2+}$에 의해서는 활성이 촉진되었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.414-419
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• 1991

돼지감자의 가공과정 중 갈변에 관여하는 polyphenol oxidase를 부분 정제하고 이의 특성을 조사하였다. 인산완충액으로 추출된 조효소가 ammonium sulfate에 의한 침전과 Sephadex G-100에 의한 gel filtration으로 48배 정제되었다 이 효소는 catechol을 기실로 하였을 때 최적 활성 pH가 6.5이었으며 $K_{m}$값은 3mM, 열불활성 화는 1차반응을 보였고, 이때 Z값은 $7.6^{\circ}C$, 활성화에너지($E_{a}$)는 72.6kcal/mole이었다. 이 효소를 인산완충액에 저장하였을 때 $4^{\circ}C$에서는 일주일 이상 안정하였으나 $25^{\circ}C$에서는 활성이 급격히 소실되었다. 이 효소는 monophenol에는 반응하지 않고 diphenol의 기질에만 친화력을 나타내었으며, 그 중 chlorogenic acid와 가장 잘 반응하였다. 그리고 1 mM의 L-cystein(HCl)와 L-hydrosulfite, L-ascorbic acid에 의해서 완전히 저해되었다.