• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.244-248
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• 2021

A 10-year-old Thoroughbred mare was referred to the Jeju National University Equine Hospital with roaring, dyspnea, and weight loss. On endoscopic examination, the horse was diagnosed with right arytenoid chondritis. Surgical treatment was selected due to the failure of a previous medical treatment. Permanent tracheostomy was performed in a standing position. The horse was restrained and tied in a proper position in the stock. The cranial parts of the 2nd to 5th tracheal cartilages were resected, as were the associated skin, mucosa, muscle, and cartilages. After the stoma was formed, external mucosa and skin were sutured using a simple interrupted method. The horse was hospitalized for 22 days receiving postoperative care including antibiotics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, dressing as required, and was pregnant six months after the surgery. A permanent tracheostomy is thought to be effective in horses with diseases causing upper respiratory tract obstruction.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.94-97
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• 2021

An 18-year-old warmblood gelding was presented to Jeju National University Equine Hospital with chronic bilateral forelimb lameness. Navicular syndrome was suspected based on clinical findings, the hoof test, palmar digital nerve block, and radiographic results. Computed tomography (CT) was performed under general anesthesia. Bone cysts, enlarged vascular channels, sclerosis, and enthesophytes were identified in the navicular bone on CT images. Mineralization in the deep digital flexor tendon was also observed. CT can be a useful diagnostic tool for identifying lesions of the navicular bone and adjacent structures in horses. The horse was treated with an intra-bursal injection of triamcinolone and gentamicin. Lameness started to improve two days later and the horse was sound after two months of the injection. CT enabled us not only to diagnosis of navicular syndrome but also to determine the degree and extent of the lesions.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.41-44
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• 2021

Pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID), often referred to as equine Cushing's disease, is a common endocrine disorder often diagnosed in older horses. A 13-year-old 460 kg Warmblood gelding showed clinical signs suggestive of PPID, including hypertrichosis, fat redistribution, polyuria and polydipsia (PU/PD), and weight loss. Physical examination, complete blood cell count, and serum chemistry results were normal. However, dexamethasone suppression and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) level tests confirmed PPID. Three months after the confirmed diagnosis, the horse was referred again with symptoms of laminitis. Radiography and venography were performed to evaluate the laminitis severity level. However, the foot condition continued to worsen, and the horse was eventually euthanized. The purpose of this case report is to describe clinical signs and diagnosis of PPID with laminitis.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.784-788
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• 2006

Microsatellite polymorphism and the genetic relationship were estimated using genotype information of 305 horses from 11 microsatellite loci. The breeds include the indigenous Korean breeds, Korean native horse (102) and Jeju racing horse (56) together with Japan Hokkaido horse (5), Mongolian horse (19), Thoroughbred horse (108), Quarter horse (11) and Przewalskii horse (4). Allelic frequencies, the number of alleles per locus were estimated by direct counting from observed genotype, and genetic variability was computed using the CERVUX software and DISPAN. The number of alleles per locus varied from 6 (HMS6) to 18 (ASB17) with an average value of 10.45 in horse breeds. The expected total heterozygosity ($H_T$) and coefficient of gene differentiation ($G_{ST}$) ranged 0.764-0.921 (the average value was 0.830) and 0.102-0.266 (the average value was 0.180) in horse breeds, respectively. Four populations (Przewalskii horse, Japan Hokkaido horse, Quarter horse, Thoroughbred horse) showed lower heterozygosity than the average value (the average value was 0.710). The expected heterozygosity within breed ($H_S$) and mean no. of observed alleles ranged from $0.636{\pm}0.064$ (Japan Hokkaido horse) to $0.809{\pm}0.019$ (Mongolian horse), and from 2.73 (Przewalskii horse) to 8.27 (Korean native horse), respectively. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.490 (Przewalskii horse) to 0.761 (Mongolian horse) with an average value of 0.637 in horse breeds. The results showed three distinct clusters with high bootstrap support: the Korean native horse cluster (Korean native horse, Mongolian horse), the European cluster (Przewalskii horse, Thoroughbred horse), and other horse cluster (Jeju racing horse, Japan Hokkaido horse, and Quarter horse). A relatively high bootstrap value was observed for the Korean native horse cluster and European cluster (87%), and the Korean native horse and Mongolian horse (82%). Microsatellite polymorphism data were shown to be useful for estimating the genetic relationship between Korean native horse and other horse breeds, and also be applied for parentage testing in those horse breeds.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.644-651
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• 2015

To enhance the consumption of horse meat, its nutritional composition was analyzed and compared to that of white meat (i.e., chicken and duck), which consumers consider healthy. Horse meat samples used in the experiment were classified by breed and grade as follows: Jeju horse (grade $1^+$ and 1), Jeju crossbred horse (grade 1 and 2), Thoroughbred (no grade), and cuts (loin, chuck roll, and arm picnic). In an analysis of general components and cholesterol, the horse meat was confirmed as a low-fat, high-protein, and low-cholesterol food material. In an amino acid analysis, horse meat contained a higher proportion of essential amino acids than white meat. The fatty acid compositions were also analyzed. The content of linolenic acid, an essential fatty acid, was significantly higher in all horse meat groups than in Ross chicken and Pekin duck meat. The content of palmitoleic acid showed similar results. In a mineral analysis, the levels of Fe and Zn in horse meat were higher than those of white meat. The mineral content was as follows except for the leg of shite meat: K > P > Na > Mg > Ca > Zn > Fe.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.39-43
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• 2024

Little research has been done on investigating the specific characteristics of Jeju Ponies (Korean native horse) and Jeju Pony crossbreds. The authors performed evaluation of skin thickness of the skin of these breeds (n=205) at Jeju Race Park as a way of find of hippological difference. Results of this study showed that the Jeju Pony's skin were thicker than the Jeju Pony crossbred. The male's skin were thicker than the female's skin in two breeds respectively. Especially, in the Jeju Pony show significant differences (P < 0.05). In Jeju Pony crossbreds, as the skin thickness were thinner with age increase. 2-year-old group's skin significantly thinner than 3 and over 4-year-old groups. However, the Jeju Pony's skin were not significantly different by age. In conclusion, the authors thought that causes of the difference of the breeds were origin and genetic differences among the horse and the pony. Furthermore, the modified umbilical herniorrhaphy with rubber rings must be used cautiously in the Jeju Pony. It should be taken into account the animals' skin thickness when the leather goods created by using their skin.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1441-1446
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• 2007

This study was conducted to establish the individual identification system and to estimate the genetic characteristic of Jeju native horse (JNH) using 13 microsatellite markers located on different horse autosomes. The markers were genotyped on 191 animals from five horse breeds including Jeju native horse (JNH). In total, 138 alleles were detected from the genotypes of 13 microsatellite markers. The average heterozygosities ranged from 0.317 to 0.902 and the polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.498 to 0.799 in JNH. We found that there were significant differences in allele frequencies in JNH when compared with other horse breeds. In ATH4 marker, there were specific allele frequence pattern that some of allele only found in JNH, Mongolian horse (MONG) and Jeju racing horse (JRH). The calculated cumulative power of discrimination (CPD) was 99.9% when nine microsatellite loci were used for analysis in the individual identification system. Also, the matching probability that two unrelated animals would show the same genotypes, was estimated to be $0.60{\times}10^{-10}$. Therefore, in the nine markers used in this study can be used for individual identification in the Jeju native horse population.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

Horse fat was vacuum-extracted from fatty tissues of Jeju and Halla horse meat and their physicochemical properties were compared to those of commercial lard and beef-tallow. For color, ${\Delta}E$ was found to be decreased when crystallized. Although acid values of horse fat were higher than those of lard and beef-tallow, p-anisidine and totox values were lower. The iodine value of beef-tallow was the lowest (44.61), and those of horse fat and lard were similar (57.53-57.74). Only horse fat contained ${\alpha}-tocopherol$. The contents of ${\gamma}-tocopherol$ in Jeju and Halla horse fat, lard, and beef-tallow were 7.08, 4.57, 2.13, and 1.91 mg/kg, respectively. Palmitoleic acid ($C_{16:1}$) was found in horse fat. Melting and crystallization curves of horse fat displayed two endothermic and exothermic peaks which were differentiated from lard and beef-tallow. These results indicated that horse fat demonstrates different physicochemical properties compared to lard and beef-tallow, when applied to various types of lipid products.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.213-217
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• 2017

A 1-year and 8-month-old male, thoroughbred horse showed fever ($39.8^{\circ}C$), cardiac murmur, tachycardia up to 80 beats/min, anorexia, depression and lameness for about 2 months. The dead horse was referred to pathology laboratory at the College of Veterinary Medicine in Jeju National University. At necropsy, Severe protruding multiple rough cauliflower-like yellowish red nodules ranged $5{\sim}6{\times}2{\sim}3cm$ in size were attached on the mitral valve of the left heart. A yellowish red long stick-shaped thrombus $15{\times}3.5{\times}1.5cm$ in size was also present inside the right ventricle. Multifocal infarcts were scattered in the myocardium and renal cortex. Histopathologic examination revealed that morphologic diagnosis were vegetative endocarditis, thrombus in right ventricle, infarcts in myocardium and kidney, pulmonary congestion and edema, and splenic congestion. The isolated bacteria from vegetative lesions and thrombus were confirmed as Escherichia (E.) coli based on the bacterial culture and VITEK 2 system. Based on the gross and histopathologic features, and bacterial test, this case was diagnosed as vegetative endocarditis with thrombus formation associated by E. coli in a thoroughbred horse.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.227-231
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• 2012

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a horse riding program on balancing ability in children with cerebral palsy. Eleven children (five males and six females) diagnosed with cerebral palsy participated. The horse riding exercises (walking and trotting) were conducted twice per week for 30 minutes during 24 weeks. Balancing ability was measured three times at pre, mid, and post-test using an air pad by the same physical therapist. The data were analyzed using a two-way repeated-measures analysis of covariance with time (0, 12, and 24 weeks) using SPSS version 18.0. A comparison of horse riding between patients with hemiplegia and paraplegia was conducted with the Willcoxon signed-ranktest at a predetermined probability rate of 5%. The results showed a significant increase in balancing ability after horse riding than that before horse riding (p<0.01). The average balancing score increased greater in males ($54.59{\pm}84.05$) than that in females ($27.84{\pm}12.67$) after the horse riding exercise program compared to that before the program (p < 0.05). Thus, horse riding exercise was considered an effective to improve balance in children with cerebral palsy. These results provide useful basic data for horse riding for the disabled.