• 복식
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• 제15권
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• pp.177-194
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• 1990

Koh(袴) was a type of dress worn on the lower part of the body which was commonly used in the Northeast Asia. It was originally used by the Northern race for the need of nomadism or hunting. The origin of the Koh which appeared in the area would be found from the trousers of the Huns who influenced in the Northeast Asia, and became in the part of the Scythian culture. The Scythians are the nomadizing race inhabited in the Northern Caucasas on the wast of the Black Sea and influenced on the inland Eurasian steppe as the first typical horse-riding race. The objectives of Koh which had been worn in the Scythian, Mongolia, Korea as well as Japan as a part of Dongho dress and ornaments and to contemplate the transmission process by cultural exchange among different races for the period from 4th century to 7th century. 1. The Origination of the Koh The Koh was originated by the environmental factor to protect the cold in the North but also from the heat in the South, and was changed and developed as gradually satisfying to the needs of the times. In the Northeast Asia the Koh was in the class of the Northern Chinese garment, and was used widely by the horse riding Scythians who moved widely from the Eurasian inland to Japan. The oldest original which could reflect the type of the Northern clothes was a pair of trousers discovered in the Huns remains of Noin Ula. This showed the exact form of hunting clothes and had a similar form with the Korean female tro-users. Since the same form of trousers drawn on the wall painting of which was excavated 4-5th century ancient Koguryo(高句麗) tomb was the same form the trousers of Noin Ula seemed to be the original form of Koh in the Northeast Asia. 2. The Chinese Trousers It was the time of the King Mooryung(武靈王) in the Cho(趙) Dynasty B.C. 3th century that the trousers used regularly in China. However, the Koh had been used as undergarment which functioned for the protection of the cold not the horseriding garment. The trousers seemed to be not very obviously shown off since the Poh (袍) was long, but mainly used by the people from lower class. As people learned the adapted the trousers. It was essential for the times of war and quarrel. The king himself started wearing the Koh. The Chinese trousers were influenced by the Huns, the Northern clothes of the Scythian culture, and similar to the Korean clothes. 3. The Korean Trousers Korean was a race bared from the Eastern foreign group. It was obvious that the clothes was Baji-Jeogori(바지 저고리), the garment of the Northern people. This had the same form of the Scythian dress and ornaments which was excavated from the Mongolian Noin Ula. The Scythian dress and ornaments were influenced from the Ancient West Asia Empire and transmitted to the Northeast Koguryu by the horseriding Scythian. The trousers were kept in the traditional style by the common people in Korea were transmitted to Japan which were for behind in cultural aspect, as well as got used to the Chinese as the efficient clothes though active cultural exchange. 4. The Japanese Trousers The ancient Japanese clothes were influenced by the Southern factor but not the form of the Koh. As the Korean people group was moving towards Japan and conquer the Japanese in the 4-5th century, however, North Altaic culture was formed and at the same time the clothes were also developed. The most influenced clothes at this time were those of Baekge(百濟) and the trousers form called Euigon became the main form. Because of the climatic regional factor, it was tied not at the ankle but under the knee. From the view the ancient Japanese clothes disappeard about that time, it could be due to the conquest of the culturally superior race but not the transmission of the culture. In the latest 7th century both the Chinese and Japanese dress forms were present, but the Dongho(東胡) dress and its ornament from Korea was still the basic of the Japanese dress form.

• Journal of Photoscience
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.162-165
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• 2002

Rice is widely cultivated in various regions throughout Asia. Over a five-year period, we investigated the effects of supplemental UVB radiation on the growth and yield of Japanese rice cultivars in the field. The findings of that study indicated that supplemental UVB radiation has inhibitory effects on the growth and grain development. Furthermore, we investigated the sensitivity to UVB radiation of rice cultivars of 5 Asian rice ecotypes, and found that rice cultivars vary widely in UVB sensitivity. The aim of our study is improving UVB resistance in plants by bioengineering or breeding programs. In order to make it, there is need to find the molecular origin of the sensitivity to UVB. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) is major UV-induced DNA lesions. Plants possess two mechanisms to cope with such DNA damage. The first is the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. Our previous data showed that the steady-state CPD levels in leaves of rice grown under chronic radiation in any culture were not so greatly influenced by the increased UV-absorbing compounds content, although there was a significant positive correlation between the CPD levels induced by challenge UVB exposure and the UV-absorbing compounds content. The other is the repair of DNA damage. Photorepair is the major pathway in plants for repairing CPD. We found that the sensitivity to UVB could seriously correlate with the low ability in CPD photorepair in rice plants. These results suggest that photo lyase might be an excellent candidate for restoration by way of selective breeding or engineering in rice.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.249-255
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the characterization of infectious BLV env gene isolated form Korean Holstein Cattle and to determine its incoming origin. Gp51 region of BLV env gene known as having important role in immunological function was characterized using PCR-RFLP sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. BLV env gene was grouped into PCR-RFLP patterns with three restriction endonucleases including Pvu II, BamHI and Hae III, and we identified two new RFLP patterns from nucleotide sequences of each group. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 80% of the Korean Holstein was included in the USA and Japanese group. These results here can provide a valuable information about the character of the BLV env gene and research on infection route of BLV.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제27권2E호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2008

The beat frequency is very important for the sound of Buddhist temple bells, but its concrete origins have not yet been fully clarified. In our research, we considered the beat of the bell at Hojobo Temple (Kanagawa Prefecture). Although its beat frequency has already been measured as 1.6 Hz, no satisfactory explanation has been offered for the factor that determines this value. In our previous research, we investigated the "Doza," the point where the bell is struck, and the "Obi," the vertical stripes around the bell, both of which are circumferential asymmetrical factors that can be visually recognized. Our investigations were carried out by using the Finite Element Method. These factors, however, could not sufficiently explain the beat frequency. Here, we first investigate the "Nyu," the many small projections on the bell, and the deviation between the centers of the inner and outer diameters of the bell. These two factors, however, were also found tobe insufficient explanations of the beat frequency. Through subsequent investigation, however, we finally clarified that the beat frequency's origin lies in the local dimension variation in the "Komazume," which is the bottom part of the bell as well as its thickest part.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.88-101
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• 1974

The libraries that existed during the latter period of the Yi Dynasty may be categorized into four types: the royal library, the school library, the clan community library, and the private library. Of these, the clan community library has yet received very little attention in the study of Korean libraries. In this study the author discusses the purposes, functions, and collections of the clan community library to clarify what that particular type of old libraries in Korea was. The clan community library functioned within individual clan communities to give young people Korean traditional education protecting them from possible influences of. Japanese version of Western scholarship which had threatened the traditional value systems of the society. The author believes that the clan community library was a unique community institution created by Korean people, and the Korean public library movement should trace its origin back to the activities of the libraries. Unfortunately the growing suppression and control of the Japanse colonial regime upon the traditional schools made the purposes and development of the clan community library movement a tragic experience before its flowering. The clan community library was a Korean native public library which came out in response to a historical situation and community need. It may deserve more attention in future study of the national library movement of Korea.

• 복식
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• 제35권
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• pp.135-149
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• 1997

In this thesis the northeast Asian footwear culture are examined,. in order to search the origin It started from the cradle of ancient civilization such as Meospotamia Egypt Indus and ancient China civilization region prior to the northeast Asia. The results are: On account severe intense climates and rough road as well ancient people starts to put the shoes on. Primitive form of ancient footwear put into the two categories: Chinese in the central land begins to put the shoes named Lee. After making contact with nomadic northern races boots named Wha is adopted functionally and taken throughout China. oreans wear the shoes both boots and shoes named Lee. Japanese walked with bare feet and simul-taneously Dagetta was used for rice farming. The changes of footwear is mainly in-fluenced by the factors such as climate con-dition social economic prohibition func-tional elements and aesthetic standards. Cli-mate conditions have influence upon the footwear materials form and foot exposure, The functional elements influenced on the ways of wearing shoes. Decorated patterns and materials of footwear is under the influnece of social economic prohibition and also affected by aesthetic standards(Tab 1-4) In accordance with pattern function materials of footwear the type and characteristics of footwear in China Korea nd japan came out with diversity(Tab 5-9)

• 한국잠사곤충학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.10-13
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• 2000

The objective of this research was to characterize of the silkworm that might be recognized to the Korean native strains. The eleven strains of Korean race used in this study, which is cultured in Korea and Japan seri-cultural research organs. Most of Korean varieties were three molting and univoltine, comparatively longer larval duration than the trimolter general. The egg characters of varieties showed short-eliptic shape and dark brown egg color except for a few varieties which shows greenish dark brown. Also, most of varieties were showed the plain(p) and moricaud( $p_{M}$) in larval markings. Moric marking of the varieties also consist of innumerable dark grayish brown lines and dots, though somewhat darker and lighter than that of the wild silkworm, Bombyx mandarina. Cocoon characters variations of varieties were seen in the size, color and shape. 8 varieties were colored cocoon, i.e., yellow, greenish yellow and light green etc., the others were white cocon. The shape of cocons were consisted of constricted shallowly in the middle and attenuated at one or both ends of cocoon, i.e., spindle. The results of this study is sufficient evidence that Korean strains were shown as the one of regional origin strain of domesticated silkworm such as the Chinese and Japanese etc.c.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.56-61
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• 2015

Rutin is an important bioflavonoid that is consumed in the daily diet. This study compared the functional components of rutin from various silkworm species using a gene database with those of rutin produced by silkworms selectively bred through cross-combinations. We made comparisons between the geographical origin and species of silkworm using a gene database and discovered that rutin activity was ranked in the following order by species, Chinese (C5)> miscellaneous varieties (Jamsaeng 1 Ho) >Japanese (Jam 115) > European (E58) >Korean (Sun 3 ho). However, rutin levels with respect to various genetic traits (blood color, silk color, and egg color) were consistent. In order to study rutin changes that occurred during the cross breeding of the silkworm gene, we bred cross-combinations utilizing Jam 115 and the 4051 silkworms. In conclusion, in order to provide information about the constituents of functional materials contained in silkworm powder, it is imperative that silkworm cross breeding occurs so that the database of functional materials extracted from silkworms will expand.

• 기술사
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.54-65
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• 1985

Korean Landscape Garden may be described according to its stage of development. In the primitive agricultural era, the garden was preceded by vegetable yards and at this time rock arranging (Soo-Sok garden) was initiated together with the megalithis culture of dolmens, heavenly altars and tumuli. In the early Three Kingdom period palace gardens were built on a grand scale and toward the end of fourth century temple garden were introduced along with Buddhism. These gardens evolved to the flourishment of "HWAGE"(terraced gardens) rock arrangements of ZEN, early KOR-YO period. Especially since the middle of KOR-Yo period the "IM-CHUN"(forest and pond) garden became popular, while during Cho-Son period "HWAGE" in the back yard, pond and pool garden and "IM-CHUN" style country villa became fashionable. The Korea traditional Landscape garde may be characterized that first it is a nature Landscape style, which makes the maximum accomodation with the surrounding nature. Secondly, the Korean garden is built creatively by utilizing the elements of its climate and topography, Kogu-Ryo, Paik-Je great-Kaya and Sil-Ra had developed original a castle town plans and beautiful gardens rock arrangements which precede the equivalent style of China and set the prototype for Japan. The Landscape art of waterfalls and rock arrangements at An-Ap-Chi garden of 7th century has no equals in China and set the origin of pond style of Japanese garden.

• 대한한방소아과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.32-53
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• 2015

Objectives : This research aimed to analyze studies on pediatric disease treated by kampo drug, kind of kampo drug used in children, treatment period, and the result of kampo drug treatment for children in Japan. Methods : We got 263 search result with searching word 'kampo medicine' and '小兒', 'children', '乳兒' in J-stage. We selected 34 articles among them which were related to objective of research to analyze studies by type of pediatric disease treated with kampo drug, kinds of kampo drug for each disease, treatment period and result of kampo drug treatment for children. We considered frequency of kampo drug use & pediatric disease treated with kampo drug and significance of research. Results : According to analyzed results, respiratory diseases are the most frequent diseases that are healed by kampo drug. Next sequenced diseases are skin disease. In Kind of kampo drug for pediatric disease. Goreisan and Shosaikoto (柴胡桂枝湯), Shokenchuto (小建中湯) are used frequently. Also, various disease treated with kampo drug were improved. Conclusions : Japanese Doctors consider the Kampo drug is safe and has a lot of merit compared to modern medication. Especially for symptom with unknown origin & immune diseases such as upper respiratory tract infections. Referring to clinical cases of kampo drug in Japan, we will use kampo drug for various pediatric diseases in future.