• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.285-293
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• 2022

Background: This study was conducted to analyze the effects of low skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and obesity on aging-related osteoarthritis (OA) in the Korean population. Methods: A total of 16,601 participants who underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and 3,976 subjects with knee X-rays according to the modified Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) system were enrolled. Knees of ≥KL grade 2 were classified as radiologic OA. The severity of joint space narrowing (JSN) was classified by X-rays as normal, mild-to-moderate, and severe JSN in radiologic OA. The subjects were grouped as normal SMI (SMI of ≥-1 standard deviation [SD] of the mean), low SMI class I (SMI of ≥-2 SDs and <-1 SD), and low SMI class II (SMI of <-2 SDs). Obesity was defined as a body mass index (BMI) of ≥27.5 kg/m². Results: The modified KL grade and JSN severity were negatively correlated with the SMI and positively correlated with BMI and age. The SMI was negatively correlated with age. JSN severity was significantly associated with a low SMI class compared to a normal SMI, which was more prominent in low SMI class II than class I. Obesity was significantly associated with more severe JSN, only for obesity with a low SMI class. Furthermore, patients with a low SMI class, regardless of obesity, were prone to having more severe JSN. Conclusion: This study suggested that a low SMI class was associated with aging and that an age-related low SMI was more critically related to the severity of JSN in OA.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2005

목 적 : 본 연구에서는 표준인 AP-WB(Weight-Bearing AP) 촬영법과 MTP(Semiflexed or metatarsophalangeal) 촬영법을 소개하고 판독 시 중요하게 여기는 관절간격과 신생골 묘출에 따른 항목을 각각 비교 고찰하여 골관절염 환자의 진단율을 향상시키고자 한다. 대상 및 방법 : 2004년 1월에서 2005년 1월까지 Knee Pain이 있는 환자로 본원의 류마티스내과에 내원한 220명(남:38명, 여:182명, 평균연령:57.3세)의 환자를 대상으로 표준인 AP-WB와 MTP검사를 병행하여 실시하였다. MTP검사는 20명의 모의환자로 발의 위치를 확인하며 슬개골이 슬관절부 정중앙에 위치하고, 관절강의 좌우대칭이 일치하도록 하였다. 관절간격과 신생골을 0(나쁨), 1(보통), 2(좋음), 3(아주좋음)점으로 구분하여 정형외과의사 3명, 류마티스 내과의사 2명, 방사선과 전문의 3명, 방사선사 5명이 PACS 모니터에서 영상을 Blind test하였다. 장비는 PHILIPS(Buckey Diagnostic-TH)를 사용하였고, 100 cm거리에서, 60 Kv, 8 mAs로 설정하였다. 결 과 : 위 방법으로 다음과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 1. MTP 촬영법 : 발을 바깥쪽으로 $15^{\circ}$회전하고 무릎을 구부려 카세트 면에 대면 슬개골이 슬관절부의 정중앙에 위치하였고,관절강의 정렬에 따른 좌우대칭이 일치하였다. 2. 관절간격 점수 : AP-WB 촬영법; $1.32{\pm}0.050$, MTP 촬영법; $2.51{\pm}0.046$ 3. 신생골 점수 : AP-WB 촬영법; $2.14{\pm}0.054$, MTP 촬영법; $2.10{\pm}0.054$ 결론 및 고찰 : 이번 연구는 임상적인 판독 방법으로 관절간격과 신생골에 따른 점수를 비교 했을 때, MTP 촬영법이 가장 중요한 관절간격을 영상으로 표출하는데 있어서 기존의 AP-WB 촬영법보다 훨씬 더 우세하다는 결론을 갖게 되었다. 따라서 향후 골관절염 환자의 진단율을 향상시키는 데는 MTP촬영법이 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2002

The 5.8 kb pMMH1, rolling-circle replication (RCR) plasmid of the wild type soil Bacillus mesentericus was developed into a novel secretion vector system in Bacillus subtilis. The pMMHl turned out to have a replication origin and two open reading frames (ORFs) of the putative γ-GTP and type I signal peptidase (sipP). To characterize the regions necessary for plasmid stability and high copy number, five vectors (pPS, pPP, pEN, pMN, pME) were constructed by disruption or deletion of each region in pMMH1. Like pMMHl all constructed vectors were stable over 100 generations In a non-selective medium. Since pPS was the smallest (2.3 kb)of all, it was selected for the construction of a navel secretion vector, Using the $\alpha$-amylase promoter/signal sequence of B. subtilils the novel plasmid pJSN was constructed. When $\beta$-glucosidase was expressed using pJSN, we found $\beta$-glucosidase activity in the medium. This result strongly suggested that plasmid pJSN can be used for the production of bioactive peptides in B. subtilis.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제60권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2017

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and the relevant risk factors for lumbar spondylosis (LS) among middle-aged and elderly rural Korean residents and to explore the association between radiographic LS and lower back pain (LBP) in relation to age and gender. Methods : This community-based, cross-sectional study evaluated 1512 subjects with available radiograph. The prevalence of LBP was obtained using a questionnaire and disability resulting from LBP was measured using a validated Korean version of the Oswestry disability index (ODI). In lumbar spine radiographs, vertebral levels from L1/2 to L4/5 were evaluated for the presence of osteophytes and joint-space narrowing (JSN), and Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading was applied. Results : Of 4261 subjects aged 40-79 years, data from 1512 subjects were included. The prevalence of radiographic LS indicated by grade ${\geq}2$ osteophytes and JSN were 53.9 and 15.8%, respectively. Seventy-three percent of subjects had KL grade ${\geq}2$ spondylosis and LBP was present in 36.5% of subjects. Although LS was more common among males, the prevalence of LBP was higher among females. Age, male gender and history of hand or knee arthritis were risk factors for LS. LS was significantly associated with LBP mostly among females over 60 years old and correlated with the ODI after adjusting for age and gender. Conclusion : Our study among rural Korean residents revealed a high prevalence of LS and LBP. The association between LS and LBP was observed mostly among females and LS was significantly correlated with the severity of back pain.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2017년도 제56차 하계학술대회논문집 25권2호
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• pp.403-404
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 Arduino MEGA 2560을 이용하여 JSN270을 통한 와이파이 시스템으로 집안에 있는 모든 전자제품을 제어 할 수 있는 컨트롤 제어 시스템이다. 스마트폰 어플리케이션을 집 내부의 각종 전자기기, 센서, CCTV와 연동하여 사용자가 간편하게 구동 할 수 있고 또한 인체 감지 센서를 통해 상시 감시하여 움직임을 감지시 경보 시스템을 작동 시키도록 설계되어져 있다. Arduino MEGA 2560을 이용한 프로그래밍을 기반으로 와이파이를 통해 내부를 포함한 외부에서도 각종 전자 부품을 ON/OFF 시킬 수 있으며 Raspberry Pi를 통해 카메라로 집 내부, 외부를 확인하여 어플을 통해 도어락을 해제 시킬 수도 있다.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.926-931
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• 1999

Sn-3.5g 무연합금을 Cu 및 Alloy42 리드프레임에 납땜접합 (solder joint)하고 미세조직, 젖음성, 전단강도, 시효 효과를 측정하여 비교하였다. Cu의 경우, 땜납의 Sn기지상안에 Ag(sub)3Sn과 Cu(sub)6Sn(sub)5상이, 그리고 땜납/리드프레임의 경계면에는 $1~2\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께의 Cu(sub)6Sn(sub)5 상이 형성되었다. Alloy42의 경우, 기지상내에 낮은 밀도의 $Ag_3Sn$상만이, 그리고 계면에는 $0.5~1.5\mu\textrm{m}$ 두께의 $FeSn_2$이 형성되었다. 한편, Cu에 비해 Alloy42 리드프레임에서 퍼짐면적은 크고 접촉각은 작아 더 우수한 젖음성을 나타내었으나, 전단강도는 35%, 연산율은 75%로 낮았다. $180^{\circ}C$에서 1주일간 시효처리 후, Cu 리드프레임에는 계면 $\eta-Cu_6Sn_5$ 층외에 $\xi-Cu_3Sn$층이 성장하였고, Alloy42 리드프레임에는 기지상내에 $Ag_3Sn$이 구형으로 조대하게 성장하였고, 계면에는$FeSn_2$층만이 약 $1.5\mu\textrm{m}$로 성장하였다.