• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제45권8호통권459호
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• pp.483-490
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• 2007

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the mandibular antegonial notch and the mandibular morphology, and the curve of Spee in anteroposterior skeletal relationship. Pre-treatment lateral cephalograms were obtained from 80(male 34, female 46) adult orthodontic patients and the samples were classified into 3 categories by ANB angle($0^{\circ}$$\leq$ANB< $4^{\circ}$ Class I, $4^{\circ}$$\leq$ANB Class II, ANB< $0^{\circ}$ Class III). The curve of Spee was measured directly from the pre-treatment mandibular study cast of each patient included in this study. Pearson correlation coefficient test and multiple regression analysis in each group revealed the following results; 1. Antegonial notch depth was positively correlated with hoth lower anterior facial height(ANS-Me) in skeletal Class I, II and III groups and Id-Me height in skeletal Class I and II groups. 2. A statistically significant negative correlation was found between the depth of the antegonial notch and the curve of Spee in the Class III group. 3. Significant relationship was not found between the antegonial notch depth and any of the other cephalometric variables such as mandibular body length(Go-Gn) and ramus height(Co-Go). As antegonial notch depth increased, more vertical growth of the mandible was observed. Antegonial notch can be used as a predictor of vertical mandibular growth in the diagnosis and treatment planning of malocclusion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제18권12호
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• pp.1761-1768
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• 2005

Effects of alpha-galactosidase (GAL) on broiler corn-soybean meal diet was investigated. In experiment 1, sixty cockerels were allocated to five groups, including three enzyme treatments (GAL added at 0, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg diet), a nitrogen-free diet group and a fast group. The true nitrogen-corrected ME (TME$_n$) and true amino acid availability were determined. In experiment 2, 324 day-old chicks were used in a 2${\times}$3 factorial design consisting of two energy contents (high and low) and three GAL levels (0, 250, and 500 mg/kg). Three feeding phases, comprising 0-21 d, 22-35 d and 36-48 d, were involved. GAL addition improved TME$_n$ and the availability of methionine and cystine (p<0.05). The apparent ME (AME) or nitrogen-corrected AME (AME$_n$) and digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, calcium, and phosphorus were improved significantly on d 21, so was crude protein and an interaction of energy and GAL on AME$_n$ (p<0.05) was found on d 35. However, daily intake and daily gain were significantly improved with GAL addition (p<0.05) during 21 d. The small intestine relative weight decreased at 250 mg/kg GAL (p<0.05) on d 35, whereas presented an interaction between GAL and energy on d 21 (p<0.05). Likewise, this treatment increased breast muscle ratio (p<0.05). On d 21, triglycerides level of broilers showed interaction between energy and enzyme levels (p<0.05). Uric acid level in 500 mg/kg GAL declined linearly (p<0.05). On d 35, quadratic effects (p<0.05) were observed in total protein, albumin, globulin and cholesterol content for enzyme supplementation. And the interactive effects of energy and GAL on serum values showed more obviously. The study implies that GAL improved energy and nutrient availability of corn-soybean meal diet in broiler. The GAL supplementation to corn-soybean meal based diet can improve performance of broilers in early stages of growth.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2001

소나무 수피로부터 alkaline sulfite-anthraquinone cooking을 통하여 생산된 Pine Bark Spent Liquor(PBSL)의 펠렛 내구성(ellet durability index(PDI)과 사료결착재로서 가능성을 구명하기 위하여 육계와 산란계 사료에 첨가·급여하였다. 실험1에서는 실용계 사료인 대조구, 소맥 10%와 (W10), 20% 첨가구(W20), PBSL 0.25, 0.50, 1.00, 2.00, 3.00% 첨가구, 두 종류 시판용 사료결착제 0.1, 0.2%(CPB A와 CPB B), W10+0.1% CPB A or B로 14개 처리구를 4반복으로 하여 펠렛 내구성 조사를 시행하였다. PDI는 PDI tester(Oriental motors, Japan)로 측정하였다. 실험2에서는 1일령 육계수컷 200수를 무첨가구인 대조구외에 실험 1에서 최적으로 판단되는 처리구인 W10, PBSL 0.5%, 0.2% CPB A and B의 5개 처리구를 4반복으로 배치하여 시행하였다. 기초사료는 사육전기에 3,169와 3,149kca./kg ME와 21% CP를 급여하였고, 사육후기에는 3,192와 3,172 kcal/kg ME와 19% CP사료를 급여하였다. 증체량, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율은 주간별로 5주간 측정하였으며 실험 종료시에 장내 혐기적인 미생물 수를 조사하였다. 실험 3에서 24주령 로만 갈색계 450수를 이용하여 처리구는 실험 2와 동일하게 8주간 시행하였다. 처리구당 반복은 18수씩 5반복으로 90수 전체 450수를 이용하였다. 사료는 대상에너지 2,720 kcal/kg와 CP는 18.5%로 하였다. 처리구당 산란율, 난중, 사료섭취량, 사료요구율, 계란의 품질을 주간 별로 조사하였으며, 실험종료시에 혈액의 성상을 조사하였다. 실험 1에서 PBSL 0.5%, W10 0.5%, CPB A, B 0.2% 처리구의 PDI는 95.9, 95.9, 95.8. and 95.7로서 대조구에 비하여 현저하게 높았다.(P<0.05). 그러므로 이러한 결과는 실험2와 3에 적용하였다. 실험 2에서 PBSL 처리구의 증체량은 대조두와 통계적인 차이는 없었지만 W10과 CPB A와는 현저하게 차이가 있었다. (P<0.05). 사료요구율은 PBSL이나 다른 사료결착제 처리구에서 대조구에 비하여 개선되는 경향을 보였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.3352-3358
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• 2023

Nuclear medicine seems to be a decent choice of medicine in the recent decade. The radioactive isotopes ⁵¹Cr, ⁸⁹Sr, ⁹⁹Tc, ¹³¹I, ¹³³Xe, ¹³⁷Cs and ¹⁵³Sm are extremely essential in nuclear medicine. The excitation functions of the ⁵⁴Fe (n, α) ⁵¹Cr, ⁹²Zr (n, α) ⁸⁹Sr, ¹⁰²Rh (n, α) ⁹⁹Tc, 134Cs (n, α) ¹³¹I, ¹³⁶Ba (n, α) ¹³³Xe, ¹⁴⁰La (n, α) ¹³⁷Cs and ¹⁵⁶Gd (n, α) ¹⁵³Sm reactions were calculated in this study using the EMPIRE 3.2.3 and TALYS 1.95 nuclear codes. Additionally, the cross sections at 14-15 MeV were calculated using empirical formulae and the experimental data. The computer codes were compared to the experimental data and Empirical formulas as well as the evaluated data (TENDL 2021, JENDL 3.3, JENDL 5, JEFF 3.3, EAF 2010, CENDL 3.1, CENDL 3.2, ROSFOND 2010, FENDL 3.2 b, and BROND 3.1).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제50권1호
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• pp.69-78
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• 2008

생시체중 25kg인 흑돼지 360두에 단백질 원료인 탈피대두박(DSBM)과 일반대두박(NDSBM)를 80kg까지 각각 급여하였다. 비육기에는 고에너지(ME 3.265kcal/kg)와 저에너지(ME 2,940 kcal/kg) 사료를 출하까지 급여하여 생산성, 도체 및 육질 특성을 분석하였다.생산형질에서 T1 처리구가 일당증체량에서 다른 처리구에 비하여 높았다(P<0.05). 사료요구율은 T1이 다른 처리구에 비하여 낮았다(P<0.05). 도체 특성에서, 도체율은 T2 처리구가 T1과 T4에 비하여 높았다(P<0.05), 등지방두께에서는 T2 처리구가 T1과 T3에 비하여 낮았다(P<0.05). 도체등급은 B이상 상위 등급출현 비율은 T2 처리구에서 높게 나타나는 경향이다. 육질특성에서 각 처리구에서 일반성분 함량은 유의차가 없었다. 보수력은 T4 처리구가 높은 경향을 나타내었고, 전단가는 T1 처리구에서 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 신선육의 육색은 L* 및 a*값은 T2 처리구가 높은 경향을 나타냈다. 지방색에서 L*값은 T1 처리구가 높은 경향을 나타냈다.이상의 결과를 보면, 일반대두박에 비하여 탈피 대두박은 흑돼지 생산성과 도체 특성을 개선시킬 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.89-97
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• 1994

These studies were carried out to investigate the properties of H-Y antigen purified by immunoaffinity chromatography using monoclonal H-Y antibody. Immunoaffinity column was prepared by the coupling of monoclonal antibody to the Aminolink Coupling Gel. Murine testis supernatant was applied onto the column and eluted by O.lM glycine-HCl buffer and 31${\mu}g$ of H-Y Ag was eluted from one testis. Purified H-Y Ag strongly reacted with Con A and lentil from 6 different kinds of lectins tested, which may indicate that sugar moiety of H-Y Ag is composed of glucose, mannose and their derivatives. Con A-sepharose affinity column was used to purified H-Y Ag based on that H-Y Ag is glycoprotein. The fraction eluted by 0.2M Me-${\alpha}$-D-mannoside from the column loaded with murine testis supernatant was identified to be H-Y Ag by dot blot test. Molecular weight of the purified H-Y Ag was estimated by Sepharose G-75 gel filtration and SDS-PAGE, and showing that it was about 67,000 dalton. In fluorescence test, the ratio of XY embryos and XX embryos was 1:1.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.127-132
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• 1996

Effects on feed intake, liveweight gain and economic benefits of supplementing lambs with urea molasses blocks, were studied. Forty eight crossbred lambs were divided into 6 groups and assigned randomly to grazing on native pasture (CONT) or along with supplements of Commercial ration (COM) and urea molasses blocks (UMBs) containing two levels of cement and calcium oxide as a binding agent. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant (p<0.01) differences in dry matter (DMI, g/day), crude protein (CPI, g/day) and metabolizable energy (MEI, MJ/day) intakes. Differences in liveweight gain (LWG, g/day), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and net economic benefit of supplementation were also highly variable. The intake of DM, CP and ME varied from 974 to 1002, 66-70 and 7.6-8.4 in lambs supplemented with UMBs, significantly (p<0.01) greater than 848, 52.5 and 5.6 in lambs supplemented with COM or FCR and net economic benefits (54.3; 57.8; 17.1 and 1.96; 2.4) in lambs supplemented with COM and UMB-2, were CONT or supplemented with UMB-1, UMB-3 and UMB-4 respectively. Factors responsible for differences in feed intake, liveweight gain and economic benefits, are discussed.

• 한국자기학회지
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.515-518
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• 1995

We have studied the magnetization in fields up to 1T at 5K, the saturation magnetization dependence on temperature and the temperature dependence of AC-susceptibility at very low fields (5mOe to 50mOe) of glassy $Fe_{91-x}Zr_{7}B_{2}Ni_{x}$ (x = 0, 5, 10, 15) alloys. The temperature dependence of the magnetization follows the predictions of spin wave excitations with long wavelengths. At zero Ni concentration there is a clear competition between ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions giving rise to spin-glass behaviour. The addition of Ni drastically modifies the magnetic properties: the antiferromagnetic exchange coupling is reduced and finally disappears, the spin wave stiffness increases from 39.5 to $87.3\;meV{\AA}^{2}$ and To increases from 230 K to 478 K. We develop a simple model to quantify the competing interactions and to relate the antiferromagnetically coupled Fe moments to the Ni concentration. We find that the initial susceptibility increases with increasing Ni content along with a decrease of the temperature dependence.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.3816-3823
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• 2021

The mechanical features evaluated theoretically using Makishima-Mackenzie's model for glasses xBaO-(50-x) PbO-50P₂O₅ where x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mol%. Wherefore, the elastic characteristics; Young's, bulk, shear, and longitudinal modulus calculated. The obtained result showed an increase in the calculated values of elastic moduli with the replacement of the PbO by BaO contents. Moreover, the Poisson ratio, micro-hardness, and the softening temperature calculated for the investigated glasses. Besides, gamma and neutron shielding ability evaluated for the barium doped lead phosphate glasses. Monte Caro code (MCNP-5) and the Phy-X/PSD program applied to estimate the mass attenuation coefficient of the studied glasses. The decrease in the PbO ratio has a negative effect on the MAC. The highest MAC decreased from 65.896 cm²/g to 32.711 cm²/g at 0.015 MeV for BPP0 and BPP7, respectively. The calculated values of EBF and EABF showed that replacement of PbO with BaO contents in the studied BPP glasses helps to reduce the number of photons accumulated inside the studied BPP glasses.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.486-492
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• 2022

Nitrogen oxides (NO_x; NO and NO₂) are major air pollutants and can cause harmful effects on the human body. Electron Beam Flue Gas Treatment (EBFGT) is a technology that generates electrons with an energy of 0.5-1 MeV using electron accelerators and effectively processes exhaust gases. In this study, NO_x was removed using an electron beam accelerator with spraying additives (NaOH and NH₄OH). NO and NO₂ were 100% and more than 94% removed, respectively, at an electron beam absorbed dose of 20 kGy and an additive concentration of 0.02 M (mol/L). In most cases, NO_x was removed better with lower initial NOx concentrations and higher electron beam absorbed doses. As the irradiation strength (mA) of the electron beam increases, the probability of electron impact on the material accordingly rises, which may lead to increase removal efficiency. The results of the present study show that the continuous electron beam process using additives achieved more effective removal efficiency than either individual process (wet-scrubbing or EB irradiation only).