• The Journal of Korean Association of Computer Education
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

In this paper, we introduce a new measure called surprisal that estimates the informativeness of transactional instances and attributes in the item response dataset and improve the quality of association rules. In order to this, we set artificial dataset and eliminate noisy and uninformative data using the surprisal first, and then generate association rules between items. And we compare the association rules from the dataset after surprisal-based pruning with support-based pruning and original dataset unpruned. Experimental result that the surprisal-based pruning improves quality of association rules in question item response datasets significantly.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.139-158
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• 2013

This study investigated elementary students' (grade 4~6) learning progressions for water cycling drawn from iterative assessments using ordered multiple-choice (OMC) items. An assessment system, which consisted of construct map, item design, outcome space, and measurement model, was employed in this study to examine children's learning progressions. At the first stage of the assessment system, a construct map was designed on which children's conceptual understandings from naive to most sophisticated were represented. At the item design stage, 8 OMC items were drawn from the construct map. Each item option of the OMC items was scored from 0 to 3 according to its level of understanding at the stage of outcome space. As a measurement model, Rasch model, a branch of item response theory, was applied to interpreting the outcomes of the OMC items. This cycle of assessment system was furtherly implemented iteratively in order to elaborate on the first version of water cycling learning progression. In conclusion, children's understanding of water cycling could be described in two aspects: water distribution and water movement. We identified children's conjectural developmental pathways about water cycling existed from superficial and naive accounts to more complex and abstract accounts.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.316-324
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• 1992

The purpose of this study was to develop a ratio scale to measure job satisfaction of nurses and health workers in health centers. Of the 224 health centers in Korea, 105 were drawn as the sample using disproportion리 stratified random sampling. The data collection period was from May 1 to June 30, 1990 and 771 nurses and health workers working at 75 health centers participated. Subjects were instructed to rate, according to the level of satisfaction, from one to four points, 42 items revised from the tool made by Stamps et. al. (1978). The internal consistency reliability of the tool was measured by Cronbach $\alpha$ and the corrected item-total correlation coefficient. As a result of the item analysis, one item was excluded since the item had negative correlation with total items. As a result of factor analysis on the 41 items with varimax or above. Labeling and numbering of 6 factors were as follows ; factor 1 (8 items) ; Professional status of job. factor 2 (6 items) ; Interaction. factor 3 (8 items) ; Autonomy. factor 4 (8 items) ; Administration. factor 5 (7 items) ; Pay. factor 6 (4 items) ; Job(Task). Further studies are needed to identify the relationship between this tool and the effectiveness of the health center and more research is needed for generalization.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.12B no.3 s.99
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• pp.313-322
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• 2005

In order to access digital items in a server via ubiquitous devices, the digital items should be adapted according to the system environment, device characteristics and user preferences. In ubiquitous environment, those device-dependent adaptation requirements are not statically determined and not predictable. Therefore an application specific adaptation mechanism can not be applied to a general digital item adaptation engine. In this paper, we propose an application independent digital item adaptation architecture which has a set of minimal transcoders, transcoding path generator for a required adaptation requirement, and adaptation scheduler. And a CFG based method of finding a sequence of multiple unit transcoders called a transcoding path Is described in detail followed by experimental results.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.309-321
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• 2014

Recently, due to the advent of ubiquitous computing and the spread of intelligent portable device such as smart phone, iPad and PDA has been amplified, a variety of services and the amount of information has also increased fastly. It is becoming a part of our common life style that the demands for enjoying the wireless internet are increasing anytime or anyplace without any restriction of time and place. And also, the demands for e-commerce and many different items on e-commerce and interesting of associated items are increasing. Existing collaborative filtering (CF), explicit method, can not only reflect exact attributes of item, but also still has the problem of sparsity and scalability, though it has been practically used to improve these defects. In this paper, using a implicit method without onerous question and answer to the users, not used user's profile for rating to reduce customers' searching effort to find out the items with high purchasability, it is necessary for us to analyse the segmentation of customer and item based on customer data and purchase history data, which is able to reflect the attributes of the item in order to improve the accuracy of recommendation. We propose the method of recommendation system using association rule and weighted preference so as to consider many different items on e-commerce and to refect the profit/weight/importance of attributed of a item. To verify improved performance of proposing system, we make experiments with dataset collected in a cosmetic internet shopping mall.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.17A no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2010

The National Assessment of Educational Achievement has been conducted in the form of sampling assessment until 2007, but it was converted into sampling assessment one hundred percent working with relevant whole students in 2008. Therefore, the necessity of new study on the national assessment system of educational achievement was on the rise. The National Assessment System of Educational Achievement, which was implemented in this thesis was designed to analyze educational achievement status all over the province, total score and score frequency distribution per subject, item difficulty and item discrimination, degree of attraction of wrong answers, educational achievement per subject, gender, region, office of education, school, individual and status of students with high educational achievement.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2012

Purpose : The aim of this study was from data collection to item development in the first study before developing a valid and reliable instrument reflecting Korean's own language expression and culture. Methods : The fist survey was 140 osteoarthritis(OA) patients in 2 Cites was studied from November to December 2009. Open-ended questionnaire was decided 39 items from the first open survey. Questionnaire on the Korean Osteoarthritis Impact Measurement Scale(KAIMS) was recruited 2 professors and 5 physical therapists. Second survey was applied to 133 OA patients. Results : OA patients's average age${\pm}$standard deviation was $66.08{\pm}11.10$ years. The internal consistency reliability of 3 items. As estimated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient(${\alpha}$), was high(range, 0.86~0.96). 0.43~0.91 ${\alpha}$ coefficient for the internal consistency reliability of item-each scale was also high. However, item-discriminant validity on 3 items was low(${\alpha}$, 0.92~0.97). The construct validity by factor analysis was a little low. Conclusion : This study revealed that we confirmed a generation for 39 items on KAIMS reflecting Korean's own language expression and culture. Also, those of reliability were a little high. And, we will have to study the last instrument development (3rd study) by more subjects in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.11 no.2 s.24
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• pp.1-11
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to develope a questionaire measuring clothing behavior of elementary school children. At first, after pretest, the clothing behavior questionaire consisted of 70 items which were devidad. into 7 subscales i.e. Clothing interest. Clothing satisfaction. Clothing management, Clothing sex-role. Clothing comfort. Clothing conformity. and Clothing independence. Each item was rated on a 3-point scale. Samples were 447 boys and girls (4 th, 5 th, 6 th grade) of three elementary schools in Seoul. Korea. The data were analyzed by item analysis and factor analysis. Factor analysis was useful in attempting to establish contruct validity. Item validity was examined based on the correlation coefficients and item discriminating power through the chi-square. Reliability was examined based on the Cronbach's Alpha Reliability Coefficient and test-retest method. With this analysis the subscales were reconstructed to following 6 factors. Clothing conformity items were not clustered by the factor analysis. 52 items of 6 factors selected by the analysis. The factors characteristics were as follows: 1. Clothing interest (10 items) 2. Clothing satisfaction (11 items) 3. Clothing management (8 items) 4. Clothing sex-role (12 items) 5. Clothing comfort (6 items) 6. Clothing independence (5 items)

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.127-133
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• 2007

The u-learning environment has been developed through a number of iterations, and has now been formally evaluated, through analysis of student learning results and the use of quantitative and qualitative measures, Generally, for advance learning effect and analysis of student learning results, the most learning system be use to the item analysis method. But, nowadays, it has using the IRT(Item Response Theory) instead of the item analysis method, The IRT adopts explicit models for the probability of each possible response to a test. Therefore, I proposed the lightweight component based u-learning system using the IRT. Applied device of u-learning is PDA which is in Windows mobile 5.0 environments.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.263-274
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to find out effect of problem solving by mental demand of items and chunking level of problem solver on the item. The principal findings of study were as follows ; 1) According to increase of mental demand of items. students' achievement score appeared to decrease and the more mental demand an item needed. the higher or at least the same hierarchical item was. These results showed that mental demand of item was main factor which decided difficulties of problem solving. 2) Though items have the same mental demand. students' achievement score were different between balance beam task and 2nd law task (achievement score of balance beam task < achievement score of 2nd law task). 3) Achievement score of LM group who used chunked knowledge to solve balance beam task were higher than non LM group who used non chunked knowledge. 4) The level of chunked knowledge was different between two tasks when non LM group solved items of two tasks. On the other hand, LM group used the same level of chunked knowledge to solve items of two tasks. 5) Achievement score of non LM group was the same between items of two tasks after treatment due to chunking effect by treatment. But achievement score of LM group didn't change before and after treatment. The chunking effect by treatment had an effect on non LM group, but it was not on LM group.