• 대한세포병리학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.52-56
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• 2005

Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) has been used extensively in the diagnosis of metastatic malignancies. However, metastatic soft tissue sarcomas are often overlooked, primarily due to the low frequency with/ which they occur. Here, we report a rare case of metastatic rhabdomyosarcoma in both cervical lymph nodes, which was detected by FNAC. A 45-year-old woman presented with anosmia, postnasal drip, and sneezing, symptoms which had persisted for 1 month. The patient was found to have a tumorous lesion at the upper portion of the mid-turbinate, with multiple enlarged cervical lymph nodes, and this lesion was examined closely at our facility. FNA cytology smears obtained from both cervical lymph nodes revealed a high degree of cellularity, and displayed cohesive clusters with gland-like spaces, as well as single isolated cells with abundant karyorrhectic debris. The tumor cells exhibited round to oval nuclei containing fine chromatin, occasional small nucleoli, and scanty cytoplasm, or a total lack of cytoplasm. Some of the tumor cells were arranged in multinucleated forms and abundant dense eosinophilic cytoplasms, reminiscent of a rhabdomyoblast. The histological findings on the lymph nodes revealed an outstanding sinusoidal infiltration and a prominent alveolar growth pattern, interspersed with occasional typical rhabdomyoblasts. The immunohistochemical results [desmin (+), myoglobin (+), myogenin (+), pan CK (-), synaptophysin (-), neuron specific enolase (-)] supported a confirmative diagnosis of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma is a representative sarcoma, which typically manifests with nodal metastasis and carcinoma-like clustering. The cytopathologist should remain alert upon encountering unusual morphology, so that the possibility of this condition, although somewhat remote, should not be dismissed or overlooked.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.1149-1155
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• 2016

Background: Examination of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsies provides accurate nodal staging for breast cancer and plays a key role in patient management. Procurement of SLNs and the methods used to process specimens are equally important. Increasing the level of detail in histopathological examination of SLNs increases detection of metastatic tumours but will also increase the burden of busy laboratories and thus may not be carried out routinely. Recommendation of a reasonable standard in SLN examination is required to ensure high sensitivity of results while maintaining a manageable practice workload. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four patients with clinically node-negative breast cancer were recruited. Combined radiotracer and blue dye methods were used for identification of SLNs. The nodes were thinly sliced and embedded. Serial sectioning and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining against AE1/AE3 were performed if initial H&E sections of the blocks were negative. Results: SLNs were successfully identified in all patients. Ten cases had nodal metastases with 7 detected in SLNs and 3 detected only in axillary nodes (false negative rate, FNR=30%). Some 5 out of 7 metastatic lesions in the SLNs (71.4%) were detected in initial sections of the thinly sliced tissue. Serial sectioning detected the remaining two cases with either micrometastases or isolated tumour cells (ITC). Conclusions: Thin slicing of tissue to 3-5mm thickness and serial sectioning improved the detection of micro and macro-metastases but the additional burden of serial sectioning gave low yield of micrometastases or ITC and may not be cost effective. IHC validation did not further increase sensitivity of detection. Therefore its use should only be limited to confirmation of suspicious lesions. False negative cases where SLNs were not involved could be due to skipped metastases to non-sentinel nodes or poor technique during procurement, resulting in missed detection of actual SLNs.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.1725-1730
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• 2014

Management of patients with stage II colorectal carcinomas remains challenging as 20 - 30% of them will develop recurrence. It is postulated that these patients may harbour nodal micrometastases which are imperceptible by routine histopathological evaluation. The aims of our study were to evaluate (1) the feasibility of multilevel sectioning method utilizing haematoxylin and eosin stain and immunohistochemistry technique with cytokeratin AE1/AE3, in detecting micrometastases in histologically-negative lymph nodes, and (2) correlation between nodal micrometastases with clinicopathological parameters. Sixty two stage I and II cases with a total of 635 lymph nodes were reviewed. Five-level haematoxylin and eosin staining and one-level cytokeratin AE1/AE3 immunostaining were performed on all lymph nodes retrieved. The findings were correlated with clinicopathological parameters. Two (3.2%) lymph nodes in two patients (one in each) were found to harbour micrometastases detected by both methods. With cytokeratin AE1/AE3, we successfully identified four (6.5%) patients with isolated tumour cells, but none through the multilevel sectioning method. Nodal micrometastases detected by both multilevel sectioning and immunohistochemistry methods were not associated with larger tumour size, higher depth of invasion, poorer tumour grade, disease recurrence or distant metastasis. We conclude that there is no difference between the two methods in detecting nodal micrometastases. Therefore it is opined that multilevel sectioning is a feasible and yet inexpensive method that may be incorporated into routine practice to detect nodal micrometastases in centres with limited resources.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.393-406
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• 2007

Bovine tuberculosis is an important zoonosis worldwide. Mycobacterium bovis, the causative agent of this disease in cattle, is also a pathogen for humans and several economically important animals. The cases of tuberculosis are reported in two cow found at slaughter house located in Gwangju city. Histopathologically, in the lymph nodes, granulomas consisted of large areas of necrosis surrounded by variable thick bands of cellular infiltrate containing macrophages, Langhans-type multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes. Lesions in the lung followed the same developmental pattern as did lesions in the lymph nodes with some exceptions. With the acid-fast staining, numerous mycobacteria were revealed in the lung and lymph nodes. M bovis was confirmed as a causative agent in these cattle using bacterial isolation and PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism method based on a unique 12.7 kb fragment insertion sequence from the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome and the pncA polymorphism, The insertion element IS6110 and IS1081 were present M bovis isolated from lungs and lymph nodes of cattle using PCR assay. These cases are interesting and important in public health aspect that M bovis-infected cattle were found during a routine post-mortem inspection at slaughter house.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.67-74
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• 1995

본 연구에서는 면진수조의 2차원 동적 해석기법을 개발하고 축소모델을 사용한 진동대실험을 통하여 해석기법의 타당성을 검증하였다. 수조의 벽체는 집중질량을 사용하여 모델링하였으며 유체의 부가질량을 벽체의 절점에 부가함으로써 유체의 동수역학적인 영향을 고려하였다. 면진수조의 운동방정식은 벽체와 유체로 구성된 상부구조의 운동방정식과 바닥슬래브와 면진장치로 구성된 하부구조의 운동방정식을 연계하여 구하였다. 진동대 실험에서는 투명한 아크릴로 제작한 모형수조를 사용하였으며 면진장치는 4개의 고감쇠 적층 고무베어링(High Damping Laminated Rubber Bearing)을 사용하였다. 축소모델에 의한 실험결과는 대체적으로 해석결과와 잘 일치하였으며 계산결과가 다소 보수적인 것으로 나타났다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.335-343
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• 2017

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition accompanied by symptoms such as edema and hemorrhage. Kimchi is a traditional fermented Korean dish consisting of various probiotics. In this study, the therapeutic effect of Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP55 isolated from Kimchi was studied in AD-induced mice. Orally administered Lactobacillus strain, CJLP55, suppressed AD symptoms and high serum IgE levels. CJLP55 administration reduced the thickness of the epidermis, infiltration of mast cells and eosinophils into the skin lesion, enlargement of axillary lymph nodes, and increase in cell population in axillary lymph nodes. CJLP55 treatment decreased the production of type 2 cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$, and IL-6,which were stimulated by house dust mite extracts, in the axillary lymph node cells. Orally administered CJLP55 exhibited a therapeutic effect on house dust mite-induced AD in NC/Nga mice after onset of the disease by altering immune cell activation. The Lactobacillus strain, CJLP55, isolated from Kimchi, suppressed AD. Our results suggest its possible use as a potential candidate for management of AD.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.117-125
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• 1998

Pathological studies were performed on the five piglets experimentally infected with Aujeszky's disease virus(pseudorabies), NYJ isolate, isolated from the naturally infected pigs in Korea: two piglets were inoculated intramuscularly, two piglets intranasally, and one piglet subcutaneously at the dose of 1$m\ell$ per animal with the 105.5 $TCID_50$/0.1ml titer. Clinical signs included dyspnea, high fever(＞$41^{\circ}C$), anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, ataxia, circling movement, posterior paralysis, intermittent convulsion, and coma followed by death although some variations by age and inoculated routes were observed. Gross features included multiple necrotic foci in the liver, congestion and hemorrhage in the lymph nodes and spleen, petechial hemorrhage in the kidney, hemorrhagic pneumonia, marked meningeal congestion, severe sub meningeal hemorrhage in the spinal cord, excessive cerebrospinal fluid retention, and muscular necrosis at the inoculated area. Microscopically, non suppurative meningoencephalitis with gliosis and perivascular cuffing in CNS, ganglioneuritis, necrohemorrhagic splenitis, necrotic hepatitis, tonsillitis and rhinitis, hemorrhagic or interstitial pneumonia, and non-suppurative myositis in the injected area were observed. Eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were found in a variety of tissues the including the liver, kidney, adrenal gland, spleen, lymph nodes, tonsil, and lung. Ultrastructurally, virus particles were confirmed in nucleus and cytoplasms of pneumocytes around the necrotic areas.

• Journal of Life Science
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.22-26
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• 2002

CS21 lymphoma cells that preferentially metastasize to lymph nodes after s.c. inoculation into BALB/c mice were grown in vitro in the presence of CA12 stromal cells isolated from lymph nodes. To obtain fundamental data on identification and characterization of the soluble factor(s) produced by CA12 stromal cells, we investigated the biological profile of the conditioned medium produced by CAl2 stromal cells. CAl2 conditioned medium has no affinity with Con A. CAl2 conditioned medium is associated with the proliferation of splenic T- and thymic T-cells with-out adding mitogen, although the conditioned medium cannot induce the differentiation of thymocytes. Additionally, we showed that H-7, not HA-1004 inhibits CS21 cell proliferation. These results suggest that CAl2 conditioned medium has a specific soluble factor(s) produced by lymph node stromal cells.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.74-80
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• 1998

CS-2l lymphoma cells that preferentially metastasize to lymph nodes after s.c. inoculation into BALB/c mice were grown in vitro in the presence of CA- 12 stromal cells isolated from lymph nodes. In order to obtain fundamental data on the identification and characterization of the soluble factors produced by CA-12 stromal cells, the conditioned medium of CA-12 stromal cells that inhibited apoptosis of CS-21 cells was examined. Various analytical treatments revealed that the soluble factors in CA-12 conditioned medium are very sensitive to heat treatment and trypsinization. Moreover CA-12 conditioned medium has an affinity with heparin but not with Con-A. In addition to these, the activity of CA-12 conditioned medium was blocked by H-7, a PKC inhibitor, but the conditioned medium could not induce the differentiation of thymocytes. We concluded that CA-12 conditioned medium contains stromal cell-derived apoptosis-inhibitory molecules that play an important role in proliferation of CS-2l cells by suppressing cell apoptosis.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2013

This study examines the properties of spaces where historical and cultural resources have been preserved in the street system of Daegu Yakryeong market district, by using Space Syntax methodology. The results were obtained through ASA(Angular Segment Analysis) on each node (spatial unit) in the street network. An overall characteristic of spatial configuration in street system of the surveyed district is that nodes in the street network tend to form socially integrated spatial structure to allow easy access to each space in the system. There are a small number of socially isolated spaces in the street system, which are located at nodes in narrow streets adjacent to the roadway outside the district, or in narrow alleys between early modern Korean buildings. More than half of the surveyed spaces have high levels of social integration, which contain buildings playing a central role of the community, a traditional street market, symbolic landmarks. In conclusion, it is expected that the achievements of this study will contribute in leading to rational land use planning for sound and sustainable development of historical and cultural resources in an urban district.