• 제목/요약/키워드: Irrigation pattern analysis

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기후변화에 따른 농업용수공급패턴의 변화로 인한 이수안전도변화분석 (Water Supply Reliability Revaluation For Agricultural Water Supply Pattern Changes Considering Climate Changes)

  • 최영돈;안종서;신현석;차형선
    • 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국수자원학회 2010년도 학술발표회
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    • pp.273-277
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    • 2010
  • This research was performed to examine changes in the timing of the growth of crops along with changes in temperatures due tochanges and to analyze the change of water-supply-reliability by adding an analysis of the change of agricultural water supply patterns in the basin area of Miryang dam in Korea. Had-CM3 model from U.K. was the tool adopted for the GCM model, a stochastic, daily-meteorology-generation-model called LARS-WG was alsoused for downscaling and for the climate change scenario (A1B) which represents Korea's circumstances best. First of all, to calculate changes in the timing of the growth of crops during this period, the theory of GDD was applied. Except for the period of transplanting and irrigation, there was no choice but to find the proper accumulated temperature by comparing actual temperature data and the supply pattern of agricultural use due to limited temperature data. As a result, proper temperatures were found for each period. $400^{\circ}C$ for the preparation period of a nursery bed, $704^{\circ}C$ for a nursery bed's period, $1,295^{\circ}C$ for the rice-transplanting period, $1,744^{\circ}C$ for starting irrigation, and $3,972^{\circ}C$ for finishing irrigation. To analyze future agricultural supply patter changes, the A1B scenario of Had-CM3 model was adopted, and then Downscaling was conducted adopting LARS-WG. To conduct a stochastical analysis of LARS-WG, climate scenarios were generated for the periods 2011~2030, 2046~2065, 2080~2099 using the data of precipitation andMax/Min temperatures collected from the Miryang gauging station. Upon reviewing the result of the analysis of accumulated temperatures from 2011~2030, the supply of agricultural water was 10 days earlier, and in the next periods-2046~2065, 2080~2099 it also was 10 days earlier. With these results, it is assumed that the supply of agricultural water should be about 1 month ahead of the existing schedule to meet the proper growth conditions of crops. From the results of the agricultural water supply patterns should be altered, but the reliability of water supply becomes more favorable, which is caused from the high precipitation change. Furthermore, since the unique characteristics of precipitation in Korea, which has high precipitation in the summer, water-supply-reliability has a pattern that the precipitation in September could significantly affect the chances of drought the following winter and spring. It could be more risky to make changes to the constant supply pattern under these conditions due to the high uncertainty of future precipitation. Although, several researches have been conducted concerning climate changes, in the field of water-industry, those researches have been solely dependent on precipitation. Even so, with the high uncertainty of precipitation, it is difficult for it to be reflected in government policy. Therefore, research in the field of water-supply-patterns or evapotranspiration according to the temperature or other diverse effects, which has higher reliability on anticipation, could obtain more reliable results in the future and that could result in water-resource maintenance to be safer and a more advantageous environment.

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농업용 저수지 공급량과 수요량의 확률분포 및 신뢰성 해석 기법을 활용한 물 공급 취약성 평가 (Vulnerability Assessment of Water Supply in Agricultural Reservoir Utilizing Probability Distribution and Reliability Analysis Methods)

  • 남원호;김태곤;최진용;이정재
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제54권2호
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    • pp.37-46
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    • 2012
  • The change of rainfall pattern and hydrologic factors due to climate change increases the occurrence probability of agricultural reservoir water shortage. Water supply assessment of reservoir is usually performed current reservoir level compared to historical water levels or the simulation of reservoir operation based on the water budget analysis. Since each reservoir has the native property for watershed, irrigation district and irrigation water requirement, it is necessary to improve the assessment methods of agricultural reservoir water capability about water resources system. This study proposed a practical methods that water supply vulnerability assessment for an agricultural reservoir based on a concept of probabilistic reliability. The vulnerability assessment of water supply is calculated from probability distribution of water demand condition and water supply condition that influences on water resources management and reservoir operations. The water supply vulnerability indices are estimated to evaluate the performance of water supply on agricultural reservoir system, and thus it is recommended a more objective method to evaluate water supply reliability.

Source Identification of Nitrate contamination in Groundwater of an Agricultural Site, Jeungpyeong, Korea

  • 전성천;이강근;배광옥;정형재
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국지하수토양환경학회 2003년도 총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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    • pp.63-66
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    • 2003
  • This study applied a hydrogeological field survey and isotope investigation to identify source locations and delineate pathways of groundwater contamination by nitrogen compounds. The infiltration and recharge processes were analyzed with groundwater-level fluctuation data and oxygen-hydrogen stable isotope data. The groundwater flow pattern was investigated through groundwater flow modeling and spatial and temporal variation of oxygen isotope data. Based on the flow analysis and nitrogen isotope data, source types of nitrate contamination in groundwater are identified. Groundwater recharge largely occurs in spring and summer due to precipitation or irrigation water in rice fields. Based on oxygen isotope data and cross-correlation between precipitation and groundwater level changes, groundwater recharge was found to be mainly caused by irrigation in spring and by precipitation at other times. The groundwater flow velocity calculated by a time series of spatial correlations, 231 m/yr, is in good accordance with the linear velocity estimated from hydrogeologic data. Nitrate contamination sources are natural and fertilized soils as non-point sources, and septic and animal wastes as point sources. Seasonal loading and spatial distribution of nitrate sources are estimated by using oxygen and nitrogen isotopic data.

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수로교 손상 메커니즘 분석에 의한 보수설계 방법 (Method of Repair Design by Analysis of Damage Mechanism of Elevated Aquaduct)

  • 이수곤;변항용;송창영
    • 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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    • 제9권1호
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    • pp.243-250
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    • 2005
  • 우리나라의 수로교는 구조검토결과 내력부족이 없고 시공결함이 없으며, 사용된 재료나 기술 및 시공된 후의 환경상태 등 모든 조건이 동일함에도 균열, 붕괴 등 구조안전을 위협하는 하자가 대부분 일정간격으로 반복되고 있다. 하자 보수 후 채 손상의 발생은 물론 보수 전 양호하였던 인접교각에까지 손상이 확대되어 감은 물론 보수를 하지 않고 장기간 방치된 경우에도 손상은 확대되었다. 또한 철거 후 재시공한 곳에서도 손상이 반복되는 양상을 보였다. 철근콘크리트조 수로교가 불과 수년경과 후 발생될 수밖에 없었던 손상은 구조적인 결함 때문이 아니라 받침장치의 부식 및 신축유격의 부족 등 기능장치의 결함으로 [대기온도변화에 의한 수로의 길이 방향 신 축 변형의 누적] 이라는 손상 메커니즘의 결과 때문이었다. 따라서 원인과는 무관한 통상적인 방법으로 이루어진 보수는 재 손상이나 이의 확산은 필연적이므로 손상 메커니즘이 형성되지 않도록 설계 및 시공되어야 수로교의 안전 및 내구성 확보가 가능하게 된다.

Analysis on Indoor Garden Technology Trends Based on Patent Search

  • Hong, Kwang-pyo;LEE, Hyuk-jae
    • International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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    • 제7권4호
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    • pp.40-48
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    • 2019
  • Indoor gardens tailored to suit individual tastes offer a place to enjoy plants and to relax to city dwellers to relieve stress from city life. However, there are technical issues to build such indoor gardens. To offer solutions to technical issues, this study aims to analyze development phases of indoor garden-related technologies by studying available patents in detail. Also, the study aims to understand current status and future direction of technologies by examining technological trends for introduction of indoor gardens. Brainstorming method was used to understand technology trends and as a result, two groups were identified for technical features of indoor gardens: indoor greening technology and rest area for users. An analysis on selected patents showed that the number of patents increased until 2010 and declined gradually afterwards. Korea ranked the highest in the number of patents grant followed by USA, Japan and Europe. Similar order was observed with the number of patents granted by nationality of applicants. The number of patents granted by nationality was the highest for Korean nationals. For indoor greening technologies, patents related to structure from 2007 were mostly concentrated in the areas of irrigation control and environment control for plants and vegetation. For rest area related technologies, patent related to structure showed a repetitive pattern of increasing and decreasing, but overall, on downtrend. For further development and dissemination of indoor gardening technology, more R&D work is needed with focus on environmental control technology for designing suitable environment for both human and plant.

수경재배 토마토 재사용 암면 배지의 기초 물리화학성 변화 비교 (Comparison of Basal Physicochemical Changes of Reused Rockwool Substrate in Hydroponic Tomato Cultivation)

  • 이재성;신종화
    • 생물환경조절학회지
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.114-119
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    • 2024
  • 암면은 우수한 물리화학적 특성을 가지고 있어 작물 재배 생산에 많이 사용된다. 그러나 높은 구매 비용과 폐기가 용이하지 않다는 단점이 있다. 배지의 재사용은 이러한 단점을 보완할 수 있다. 배지는 재사용 시 소독 및 재수화 과정을 거쳐야 하며, 이 과정에서 발생되는 다양한 물리화학적 변화 또한 고려하여야 한다. 본 연구는 두 가지 암면배지(재사용, 미사용)의 물리적 특성을 비교하고, 재사용 암면 배지의 재수화 과정에서 발생하는 화학적 특성 분석을 통해 암면 배지의 재사용 가능성을 판단하고자 하였다. 배지 물리화학성 비교 실험은 2023년 3월부터 8월까지 토마토 재배에 사용된 암면배지와 미사용 암면배지를 이용하여 진행되었으며, 재배 기간 동안 암면에 공급된 배양액의 전기전도도와 pH는 각각 1.8-3.5 dS·m-1, 5.8-6.0이었다. 배수시간 및 배수량은 관수모니터링 시스템 상단 및 하단에 설치된 로드셀을 통해 측정되었다. 암면배지의 물리적 특성 비교에서 무게와 밀도는 재사용 암면배지에서 높은 경향을 보였으며, 포수 후 평균 배수 시간은 재사용 암면이 미사용 암면에 비해 1.5배 늦었다. 암면 배지의 부분별 염류 농도는 재사용 암면배지가 미사용 암면배지에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 관수 시간에 따른 배액의 전기전도도 변화는 배수가 시작되는 시점에서 가장 컸으며, 배액의 양이 증가할수록 급속하게 작아지는 경향을 보였다. 위 실험 결과를 통해 관수시간 및 관수량과 배액의 전기전도도 변화율은 exponential decay한 관계를 보였다.

둑높이기 농업용저수지의 운영기준에 따른 환경용수 방류패턴 분석 (An Analysis of Environmental Water Release Patterns Considering Operation Rules in Enlarged Agricultural Reservoirs)

  • 이상현;유승환;박나영;최진용
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제55권3호
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    • pp.51-62
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    • 2013
  • The importance of environmental water has been risen in terms of river ecosystem soundness with preventing stream flow depletion in rural area, while enlarging agricultural reservoir project is conducted under the 4 main river restoration project for supplying more water to 4 main rivers. The aim of this study was to estimate the amount of environmental water release and analyze the release pattern during non-irrigation season in enlarged agricultural reservoirs. The 4 reservoirs (Dansan, Samga, Geumbong, Changpyeong) located on the upper region of Nakdong river were simulated applying the operation rule which was determined by release criteria curves. The simulated results indicated that the more environmental water could be released than the spillway release and continuous release was achieved with smaller range of fluctuation. In case of Changpyeong reservoir, average 506.0 thousand $m^3$ environmental water could be released on Feb., and it was about twice as much as the spillway release before the enlargement, and also, the 18 thousand $m^3$/day environmental water could be supplied to a stream consistently after enlargement. From the results, it was expected that the additional environmental water release will improve stream water flow during dry season in terms of quantity and quality of water.

근관 세척법이 Resilon/Epiphany sealer와 Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer의 근관 상아질과의 접착에 미치는 영향 (EFFECT OF IRRIGATION METHODS ON THE ADHESION OF RESILON/EPIPHANY SEALER AND GUTTA-PERCHA/AH 26 SEALER TO INTRACANAL DENTIN)

  • 김서경;황윤찬;황인남;오원만
    • Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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    • 제33권2호
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    • pp.98-106
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    • 2008
  • 본 연구에서는 근관 세척법이 두 가지 근관 충전재 (Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer, Resilon/Epiphany sealer)의 근관 상아질과의 접착에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 총 30개의 발거된 상악 전치를 각각 5개씩 6개의 군으로 분류하여 근관 성형을 하고 마지막 세척을 다음과 같이 시행한 후 G1, G2, G3 군은 Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer로, R1, R2, R3 군은 Resilon/Epiphany sealer로 근관 충전하였다. G1, R1군 : 5.25% NaOCl 세척 G2, R2군 : 5.25% NaOCl 세척 후 sterile saline세척 G3, R3군 : 5.25% NaOCl 세척 후 17% EDTA, sterile saline 순으로 세척 각 군의 충전된 치아를 아크릴 레진에 매몰하고 약 1 mm두께로 절단한 후 만능 물성 시험기상에서 push-out bond strength를 측정하였고 실험 후 파절 양상을 Image-analyzing microscope으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer 충전군에서 Resilon/Epiphany sealer 충전군보다 push-out bond strength가 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.05). 2. Resilon/Epiphany sealer 충전군 중 17% EDTA, sterile saline순으로 세척시 5.25% NaOCl 세척에 비해 push-out bond strength가 높게 나타났다 (p < 0.05). 3. 파절 양상을 분석시 모든 군은 접착성과 혼합성 파절 양상을 나타내었고, G1, G2, R1 군은 응집성 파절 양상이 나타나지 않았으며, Resilon/Epiphany sealer 충전군은 Gutta-percha/AH 26 sealer 충전군에 비해 응집성과 혼합성 파절 양상이 더 높은 비율로 나타났다.

Principal Component Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Reniform Nematode Populations in Alabama

  • Nyaku, Seloame T.;Kantety, Ramesh V.;Cebert, Ernst;Lawrence, Kathy S.;Honger, Joseph O.;Sharma, Govind C.
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.123-135
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    • 2016
  • U.S. cotton production is suffering from the yield loss caused by the reniform nematode (RN), Rotylenchulus reniformis. Management of this devastating pest is of utmost importance because, no upland cotton cultivar exhibits adequate resistance to RN. Nine populations of RN from distinct regions in Alabama and one population from Mississippi were studied and thirteen morphometric features were measured on 20 male and 20 female nematodes from each population. Highly correlated variables (positive) in female and male RN morphometric parameters were observed for body length (L) and distance of vulva from the lip region (V) (r = 0.7) and tail length (TL) and c' (r = 0.8), respectively. The first and second principal components for the female and male populations showed distinct clustering into three groups. These results show pattern of sub-groups within the RN populations in Alabama. A one-way ANOVA on female and male RN populations showed significant differences ($p{\leq}0.05$) among the variables. Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) of 18S rRNA sequences (421) showed lengths of 653 bp. Sites within the aligned sequences were conserved (53%), parsimony-informative (17%), singletons (28%), and indels (2%), respectively. Neighbor-Joining analysis showed intra and inter-nematodal variations within the populations as clone sequences from different nematodes irrespective of the sex of nematode isolate clustered together. Morphologically, the three groups (I, II and III) could not be distinctly associated with the molecular data from the 18S rRNA sequences. The three groups may be identified as being non-geographically contiguous.

작물 수분 스트레스 지수 산정을 위한 최적의 관측 간격과 시간에 대한 통계적 분석 (Statistical Analysis of Determining Optimal Monitoring Time Schedule for Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI))

  • 최용훈;김민영;오우현;조정건;윤석규;이상봉;김영진;전종길
    • 한국농공학회논문집
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    • 제61권6호
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    • pp.73-79
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    • 2019
  • Continuous and tremendous data (canopy temperature and meteorological variables) are necessary to determine Crop Water Stress Index (CWSI). This study investigated the optimal monitoring time and interval of canopy temperature and meteorological variables (air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation and wind speed) to determine CWSIs. The Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiency coefficient (NSE) was used to quantitatively describe the accuracy of sampling method depending upon various time intervals (t=5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 60 minutes) and CWSIs per every minute were used as a reference. The NSE coefficient of wind speed was 0.516 at the sampling time of 60 minutes, while the ones of other meteorological variables and canopy temperature were greater than 0.8. The pattern of daily CWSIs increased from 8:00 am, reached the maximum value at 12:00 pm, then decreased after 2:00 pm. The statistical analysis showed that the data collection at 11:40 am produced the closest CWSI value to the daily average of CWSI, which indicates that just one time of measurement could be representative throughout the day. Overall, the findings of this study contributes to the economical and convenient method of quantifying CWSIs and irrigation management.