• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2007

본 논문은 SynRM의 동손 및 철손을 최소화 하는 효율 최적화 제어를 제시한다. 퍼지와 신경회로망으로 구성된 적응 퍼지-신경회로망 제어기를 바탕으로 한 속도 제어기를 설계한다. 특정 전동기 토크를 발생하는 d-q축 전류 조합은 무수히 많이 존재한다. 효율 최적화 제어기의 목적은 정상상태에 확실한 동작점에서 d-q축 전류 조합을 찾는 것이다. 제시된 알고리즘은 양호한 동적 토크 제어를 유지하는 동안 속도 및 토크 변화를 감소시키기 위하여 전자기적 손실은 허용한다. HAI 제어기의 제어 성능은 다양한 동작 상태에서 평가된다. 결과 분석은 제시된 알고리즘의 타당성을 보여준다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회 논문집 에너지변화시스템부문
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• pp.29-31
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• 2009

Optimal efficiency control of synchronous reluctance motor(SynRM) is very important in the sense of energy saving and conservation of natural environment because the efficiency of the SynRM is generally lower than that of other types of AC motors. This paper is proposed an efficiency optimization control for the SynRM which minimizes the copper and iron losses. The design of the speed controller based on fuzzy-neural networks (FN)-PI controller that is implemented using fuzzy control and neural networks. There exists a variety of combinations of d and q-axis current which provide a specific motor torque. The objective of the efficiency optimization control is to seek a combination of d and q-axis current components, which provides minimum losses at a certain operating point in steady state. It is shown that the current components which directly govern the torque production have been very well regulated by the efficiency optimization control scheme. The proposed algorithm allows the electromagnetic losses In variable speed and torque drives to be reduced while keeping good torque control dynamics. The control performance of the proposed controller is evaluated by analysis for various operating conditions. Analysis results are presented to show the validity of the proposed algorithm.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.273-279
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• 2012

본 농가 실증시험에서 대조구(관행 이앙재배 및 화학적 제초제 2회 처리방법)에 비하여 무논써레 직후 왕우렁이 치패(새끼)를 ha당 12kg 처리(1차)와 무논점파(철분코팅볍씨이용) 후 유묘 2엽기경(파종 후 15일) 왕우렁이 새끼(치패) ha당 10kg(2차) 체계투입으로 100%의 높은 논 잡초방제 효과가 인정되었다. 벼 유묘의 피해정도는 하위엽에 3%정도의 피해를 보였으나 뿌리가 활착된 상태에서 후속적인 생장점을 가진 엽의 지속적인 출현으로 벼의 초장과 분얼수에는 유의적인 피해차이가 나타나지 않았다. 새끼(치패) 왕우렁이를 투입하여 무논점파재배를 한 농사실증시험에서 최종적인 수량 및 품질에서는 관행 이앙재배와 통계적으로 유의적인 차이가 없는 것으로 조사되었다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-19
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• 1971

Nutritional anemia is an important nutritional problem affecting large population groups in most developing countries. Nutritional anemia is caused by the absence of any dietary essential involed in hemoglobin formation or by poor absorption of these dietary components. The most likely causes are lack of dietary iron, and folate, vitamin $B_{12}$ and high qualify protein. Anemia is considered to be a late mainfeastation of nutritional deficiencies, and even mild anemia is not the earilest sign of such a deficiency. Therefore, the object of therapy is to correct underlying deficiency rather than merely its manifestation. Iron deficiency anemia is generally much the most common form of anemia. And it is very prevalent particularly in pregnant women and young children, especially under five year of life. According to the rapid growth rate of infants, dietary iron should he provided for infants over three months of age in adequate amounts for the synthesis of hemoglobin required by the increasing blood volume and for the demands of newly formed cells. The principal causes of iron deficiency anemia are an inadequate dietary iron content, interference with absorption of iron from the intestine, excessive losses of iron from the body, disturbance of iron metabolism by infection, and social and cultural environments. The present study is planned to obtain informations concerning nutritional anemia through anthropometric and biochemical determinations for the assessment of nutriture in pre-school children. Determination was taken in 226 pre-school children in ruraI arae in 1968, 122 pre-school children in 1970, and 1526 hospitalized pre-school children in 1970. The results of this study are as follows; (1) According to Iowa Malnutrition Borderline (85 percentile) for weight, the proportions of underweighed pre-school boys and girls in rural area were 47.2% and 46.2% in1968, and were 36.1% and 51.8% in 1970. According to Iowa Malnutrition Borderline for height, the proportions of underheight boys and girls in rural area were 30.5% and 33.7%, and were 26.2% and 21.8% in 1970. Malnutrition scores of underweight for height values of boys and girls in rural area were 19.3 and 17.3 in 1968, and the scores of boys and girls were 15.6 and 15.5 in 1970. (2) The mean hemoglobin values of boys and girls in rural area were $11.2{\pm}1.8g/100ml\;and\;11.4{\pm}1.6g/100ml$ in 1968. In 1970, the mean values of boys and girls in rural area were $11.3{\pm}1.3g/100ml\;and\;11.7{\pm}2.4g/100ml$. The mean hemoglobin values of hospitalized boys and girls were $11.9{\pm}2.2g/100ml\;and\;11.7{\pm}2.4g/100ml$ in 1970. It is found that 92 of 215 children (42.7%) in rural area had concentrations of hemoglobin less than 11.0g/100ml in 1968. In 1970, 55 of 121 children (45.4%) in rural area and 559 of 1526 hospitalized children (36.6%) had concentrations of hemoglobin less than 11.0g/100ml. (3) The mean hematocrit levels of hospitalized boys and girls were $35{\pm}26.8%\;and\;35.4{\pm}6.4%$ in 1970. And 443 of 1334 hospitalized children (33.2%) had hematocrit values below 33%. (4) The average mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration levels of hospitalized boys and girls were $32.4{\pm}2.2\;and\;32.3{\pm}2.2$ in 1970. And 1016 of 1352 hospitalized children (75.1%) had the mean corpuscular hemoglobin values below 34. (5) The mean iron values of young children in rural area and hospitalized children were $62.0{\pm}6.3{\mu}g/100ml\;and\;60.7{\pm}22.8{\mu}g/100ml$. The proportions of anemia cases below $50{\mu}g/100ml$ in rural area was 37.9%, and 34.3% in hospitalized children. (6) The mean total iron binding capacity of young children in rural area was $376{\pm}57.88{\mu}g/100ml,\;and\;342.2{\pm}6.15{\mu}g/100ml$ in hospitalized children. (7) The average transferrin saturation percentage of young children in rural area was $16.9{\pm}4.7%,\;and\;18.0{\pm}8.4%$ in hospitalized children. The proportions of anemia cases below 15% of young chi1dren in rural area and hospitalized children were 48.3% and 41.2%. Therefore, authors wish to recommend that the following further studies should be undertaken: (1) Standardization of simplied laboratory examination of nutritional anemia. (2) The prevalence of nutritional anemia and the requirements of iron, folate, and vitamin $B_{12}$ of pre-school children. (3) The content and absorption of iron in Korean food. (4) The pathogenesis of nutritional anemia and prevention of parasitic disease. (5) Maternal health and nutrition education.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제5B권3호
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• pp.215-223
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• 2005

An electrical machine for a high-speed flywheel for energy storage in large hybrid electric vehicles is described. Design choices for the machine are motivated: it is a radial-flux external-rotor permanent-magnet synchronous machine without slots in the stator iron and with a shielding cylinder. An analytical model of the machine is briefly introduced whereafter optimization of the machine is discussed. Three optimization criteria were chosen: (1) torque; (2) total stator losses and (3) induced eddy current loss on the rotor. The influence of the following optimization variables on these criteria is investigated: (1) permanent-magnet array; (2) winding distribution and (3) machine geometry. The paper shows that an analytical model of the machine is very useful in optimization.

• KIEE International Transaction on Electrical Machinery and Energy Conversion Systems
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• 제5B권3호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2005

In this paper, we investigate the main components of stray load loss of induction motors for ammonia compressors. The variations of the losses at each part of the motor due to load are calculated by the combined 3-D-2D finite element method formulated by the mixed moving coordinate systems. The stray load loss is calculated from these results due the definition of IEEE standard-112. It is clarified that the core loss and the eddy current loss of the can increase due to load, which can be considered as the main part of the stray load loss.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2005

This paper presents an implementation of high performance control of a reluctance synchronous motor (RSM) using a neural network with a direct torque control. The equivalent circuit in a RSM, which considers iron losses, is theoretically analyzed. Also, the optimal current ratio between torque current and exiting current is analytically derived. In the case of a RSM, unlike an induction motor, torque dynamics can only be maintained by controlling the flux level because torque is directly proportional to the stator current. The neural network is used to efficiently drive the RSM. The TMS320C3l is employed as a control driver to implement complex control algorithms. The experimental results are presented to validate the applicability of the proposed method. The developed control system shows high efficiency and good dynamic response features for a 1.0 [kW] RSM having a 2.57 ratio of d/q.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 2001년도 Proceedings ICPE 01 2001 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.428-433
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• 2001

This paper presents the control algorithm for maximum efficiency drives of an induction motor system with the high dynamic performance. This system uses a simple model of the induction motor that includes equations of iron losses. The model, which only requires the parameters of induction motor, is referred to a field-oriented frame. The minimum point of the input power can be obtained at the steady state condition. The reference torque and flux currents for the vector control of induction motors are calculated by the optimal efficiency control algorithm. The drive system with the proposed efficiency optimization controller has been implemented by a 32 bit floating point TMS320C32 DSP chip. The results show the effectiveness of the control strategy proposed for the induction motor drive.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.47-49
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• 2006

This paper is proposed an efficiency optimization control algorithm for a synchronous reluctance motor which minimizes the copper and iron losses. The design of the speed controller based on adaptive learning mechanism-fuzzy neural networks(ALM-FNN) controller that is implemented using adaptive, fuzzy control and neural networks. The control performance of the hybrid artificial intelligent controller is evaluated by analysis for various operating conditions. Analysis results are presented to show the validity of the proposed algorithm.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권10호
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• pp.1420-1425
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• 2012

Nowadays, Interior permanent magnet synchronous motor(IPMSM) which having high power density is much used for the vehicles. However, IPMSM causes a lot of losses because of high-speed driving and high current density, and temperature rising by iron loss and copper loss could reduce torque characteristics and durability of IPMSM. Therefore, analysis about thermal characteristics of IPMSM is required at design stage. In this paper, temperature characteristics according to current vector control method were analyzed through calculate thermal equivalent circuit. And calculated results were verified through comparing with the experiments.