• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.145-153
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• 2009

The purpose of this research is to propose a system to detect a strip defect on a iron plate using an image processing, one way of finding defects on an iron plate. An existing way of image processing is using a light source which release a light energy in a certain frequency and a light absorbing display which responds to the light source. This research attempts to detect defects by using a image processing and multi-Tread which handles an illumination, without depending on characteristics of light frequency. One of the advantages of this method is that it makes up for the weakness of the existing method which was too difficult for users to notice a defect. Also this method makes it possible to realize a real-time monitoring on a plate of iron. The other advantage of this method is that it reduces the price of hardwares on demand to match the frequency of light emitting display and light absorbing display because this method only needs a hardware which is easy to buy in any market.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.19-28
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• 2009

Lactoferrin was first identified 60 years ago as a "red protein" in bovine milk. Lactoferrin, one of the transferrin family proteins, is an iron-binding glycoprotein found in milk and various mucosal secretions; it is also released from activated neutrophils. Human lactoferrin has a molecular weight of 82.4 kDa and is composed of 702 or 692 amino acid residues. Bovine lactoferrin has a molecular weight of 83.1 kDa and is composed of 689 amino acid residues. Both lactoferrin and transferrin have the ability to bind two $Fe^{3+}$ ions, together with two ${CO_3}^{2-}$ ions with extremely high affinity; these proteins also have the ability to release this iron at low pH levels. The polypeptide chain in lactoferrin is folded into two globular lobes, representing the N-terminal and C-terminal halves. Both lobes have similar folding and 40% sequence identity. This protein is capable of multiple functions as described in various review papers, including antimicrobial, antiviral, antiinflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, and cell growth-promoting activities. Lactoferrin also exhibits immunomodulating effects and plays an active role in the regulation of myelopoiesis and the inhibition of bacterial translocation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2003.09a
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• pp.368-371
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• 2003

Accidental release of petroleum products from underground storage tank(USTs) is one of the most common causes of groundwater contamination. BTEX is the major components of fuel oils, which are hazardous substances regulated by many nations. In addition to BTEX, other gasoline consituents such as MTBE(methyl-t-buthyl ether), anphthalene are also toxic to humans. Natual attenuation processes include physic, chemical, and biological trasformation. Aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation are believed to be the major processes that account for both containment of the petroleum-hydrocarbon plum and reduction of the contaminant concentrations. Aerobic bioremediation has been highly effective in the remediation of many fuel releases. However, Bioremediation of aromatic hydrocarbons in groundwater and sediments is ofen limited by the inability to provide sufficient oxygen to the contaminated zones due to the low water solubility of oxygen. Anaerobic processes refer to a variety of biodegradation mechanisms that use nitrate, ferric iron, sulfate, and carbon dioxide as terminal electron accepters. The objectives of this study was to conduct laboratory-scale microcosm studies in assessing enhanced bioremediation potential of BTEX and MTBE under various electron accepters(aerobic, nitrate, ferric iron, sulfate) in contaminated Soil. these results suggest that, presents evidence and a variety pattern of the biological removal of aromatic compounds under enhanced nitrate-, Fe(III)-, sulfate-reducing conditions.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.129-132
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• 2007

Bismuth-substituted yttrium iron garnet (Bi:YIG, $Bi_{0.5}Y_{2.5}Fe_5O_{12}$) films were deposited with aerosol deposition method and their magnetic and optical properties were investigated as a function of annealing temperature. Since the ceramic films deposited with aerosol deposition method have not a perfect crystal structure due to non-uniform internal stress occurred by mechanical collision during their deposition, the post annealing could be a key process to release its internal stress and to improve its micro structure for optimizing the magnetic and magneto-optic properties of films. The crystallinity of Bi: YIG film was improved with increase of annealing temperature, and the saturation magnetization increased up to 87 emu/cc at $800^{\circ}C$. The Faraday rotation increased up to $1.4deg/{\mu}m$ by annealing at $700^{\circ}C$ around the wavelength of $0.5{\mu}m$. The optical transmittance of the Bi:YIG film was also improved in visible region.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.129-135
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• 2012

In this study, the changes in hair quality before and after Magic straight perm have been evaluated through a hair damage measurement method. For this, a healthy high school student's (age18 years) wavy hair was selected and permed on the left and right sides. Then, the changes caused by physical methods which were applied during the fl at iron-based Magic straight perm were evaluated based on the hair damage measurement method before and after the Magic straight perm. According to the protein release test after the Magic straight perm, 1.26% in average and 0.14% was observed in Cool Magic straight perm sample. In a field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) test, saw teeth-shaped partial desquamation of cuticle cells and impurities were observed in the warm-treated hair sample. In atomic force microscope (AFM), line-profile is a method to represent roughness data on hair. According to analysis on 3-dimensional (3D) images, the hair with Cool Magic straight perm was lower than the hair with Warm Magic perm in terms of the color change of 3D images. In addition, vertical changes were observed in the hair with Cool Magic perm. As a result, irregular surface roughness was observed. This study proposed a method to minimize hair damage by cooling down the heat with the cool hair straightener as soon as the Warm Magic was finished.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.274-280
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• 2020

The marine sediment sustains from the anoxic condition due to increased nutrients of external sources. The nutrients are liberated from the sediment, which acts as an internal source. In hypoxic environments, anaerobic respiration results in the formation of several reduced matters, such as N₂ and NH₄⁺, N₂O, Fe²⁺, H₂S, etc. The experimental results have shown that nitrogen and sulfur played an influential, notable role in this biogeochemical cycle with expected chemical reductions and a 'diffusive' release of present nutrient components trapped in pore water inside sediment toward the bulk water. Nitate/ammonium, sulfate/sulfides, and ferrous/ferric irons are found to be the key players in these sediment-waters mutual interactions. Organonitrogen and nitrate in the sediment were likely to be converted to a form of ammonium. Reductive nitrogen is called dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium and denitrification. The steady accumulation in the sediment and surplus increases in the overlying waters of ammonium strongly support this hypothesis as well as a diffusive action of the involved chemical species. Sulfate would serve as an essential electron acceptor so as to form acid volatile sulfides in present of Fe³⁺, which ended up as the Fe²⁺ positively with an aid of the residential microbial community.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2017

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of acid whey and freeze-dried cranberries on the physicochemical characteristics, lipid oxidation and fatty acid composition of nitrite-free fermented sausage made from deer meat and pork fat. Antioxidant interactions between acid whey and cranberry compounds were also explored. Methods: Four formulations of fermented venison sausage were prepared: F1 (control), F2 (with 5% liquid acid whey), F3 (with 0.06% of freeze-dried cranberries), and F4 (with 5% liquid acid whey and 0.06% of freeze-dried cranberries). Each sample was analyzed for pH, water activity ($a_w$), heme iron content, 2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) value and conjugated dienes at the end of the manufacturing process and at 30 and 90 days of refrigerated storage. Fatty acid composition was measured once at the end of the manufacturing process. Results: At the end of ripening, all samples presented statistically different values for a pH range of 4.47 to pH 4.59. The sum of the unsaturated fatty acids was higher, while the conjugated diene and the TBARS values were lower in sausages with freeze-dried cranberries as compared to the control sausage. The highest content of heme iron (21.52 mg/kg) at day 90 was found in the sausage formulation with the addition of freeze-dried cranberries, which suggests that the addition of cranberries stabilized the porphyrin ring of the heme molecule during storage and thereby reduced the release of iron. The use of liquid acid whey in combination with cranberries appears to not be justified in view of the oxidative stability of the obtained products. Conclusion: The results suggest that the application of freeze-dried cranberries can lower the intensity of oxidative changes during the storage of nitrite-free fermented sausage made

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.112-118
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• 2003

1-Methylated $\beta$-carbolines (harmaline and harmalol) and antioxidants (N-acetylcysteine and ascorbate) reduced the loss of cell viability in differentiated PC 12 cells treated with 5 mM glutamate. $\beta$-Carbolines prevented the glutamate-induced decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome c release and caspase-3 activation in PC 12 cells. $\beta$-Carbolines reduced the formation of reactive oxygen species and depletion of glutathione due to glutamate in PC12 cells. $\beta$-Carbolines revealed a scavenging action on hydrogen peroxide and reduced the iron and EDTA-mediated degradation of 2-deoxy-D-ribose. The results suggest that I-methylated $\beta$-carbolines attenuate the cytotoxic effect of glutamate on PC12 cells by reducing the alteration of mitochondrial membrane permeability that seems to be mediated by oxidative stress.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil and Groundwater Environment Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.49-52
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• 2001

An experimental study was conducted to test the feasibility of degradative solidification/stabilization (DS/S) process in treating tetrachloroethylene (PCE) in solid phase systems. The Fe(II)-based ds/s process successfully treated PCE in a soil at the reaction rates that would not allow significant release of the contaminant in the environment. A leach model was also developed that could describe the relative importance of leaching and degradation in ds/s. The first and second Damkohler numbers and dimensionless time were important parameters that determined leaching precesses in wastes treated by ds/s.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.134-139
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• 1999

This study was conducted to determine the effects of water aggressivity on the corrosion in a recirculating pipe loop systems. As the pH was increased in the range of pH 6.0~8.5, water aggressivity was decreased. Zine and iron concentration of water adjusted by pH were lower than those of tap water and water adjusted by alkalinity and calcium hardness. The major elements of corrosion deposit analyzed by EDS(Energy Dispersion Spectrophotometer) were zinc and calcium. In conclusion, we suggest that in corrosion control practice in the water works industry, increasing the pH of the water can serve as a way of controlling the solubility of metal ions release from water distribution systems.