• 한국항해항만학회지
• /
• 제35권9호
• /
• pp.701-706
• /
• 2011

Radio waves including GPS signals, various TV communications, and radio broadcasting can be disturbed by a strong solar storm, which may occur due to solar flares and produce an ionospheric delay anomaly in the ionosphere according to the change of total electron content. Electron density irregularities can cause deep signal fading, frequently known as ionospheric scintillation, which can result in the positioning error using GPS signal. This paper proposes a detection algorithm for the ionosphere delay anomaly during a solar storm by using multi-reference stations. Different TEC grid which has irregular electron density was applied above one reference station. Then the ionospheric delay in zenith direction applied different TEC will show comparatively large ionospheric zenith delay due to the electron irregularity. The ionospheric slant delay applied an elevation angle at reference station was analyzed to detect the ionospheric delay anomaly that can result in positioning error. A simulation test was implemented and a proposed detection algorithm using data logged by four reference stations was applied to detect the ionospheric delay anomaly compared to a criterion.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.331-339
• /
• 2014

지상기반 전리층모델로 계산한 전리층 지연값을 저궤도에서의 전리층 지연값으로 변환하기 위해서는 전리층 변환 배율 적용해야 하는데, 이러한 배율을 IRI 전리층모델을 사용하여 결정하는 기법을 제안하였다. IGS 전리층모델에 전리층 배율을 적용하여 계산한 전리층 지연값을 NASA GRACE 위성의 관측값과 비교하였다. 약 480 km 고도에서 2004년 평균 배율은 0.25이며, 표준편차는 0.01이다. 전리층 배율은 주간에 비해 야간에 상대적으로 증가하며, 계절적으로는 봄, 가을에 높은 값을 가진다. IGS모델에 전리층배율을 결합해서 추정한 저궤도 전리층 지연값 추정 오차 평균은 3.50 TECU이다.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.213-219
• /
• 2016

Most existing studies on the wide-area differential global positioning system (WADGPS) employed a grid ionosphere model for error correction in the ionospheric delay. The present study discusses the application of satellite-based ionospheric delay model that provides an error model as a plane function with regard to individual satellites in order to improve accuracy in the WADGPS. The satellite-based ionospheric delay model was developed by Stanford University in the USA. In the present study, the algorithm in the model is applied to the WADGPS system and experimental results using measurements in the Korean Peninsula are presented. Around 1 m horizontal accuracy was exhibited in the existing planar fit grid model but when the satellite-based model was applied, correction performance within 1 m was verified.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.363-369
• /
• 2021

Since the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal received from the low Earth orbit (LEO) satellite is only affected by the upper ionosphere, the magnitude of the ionospheric delay of Global Positioning System (GPS) signal received from ground user is different. Therefore, the ground-based two-dimensional ionospheric model cannot be applied to LEO satellites. The NeQuick model used in Galileo provides the ionospheric delay according to the user's altitude, so it can be used in the ionospheric model of the LEO satellites. However, the NeQuick model is not suitable for space receivers because of the high computational cost. A simplified NeQuick model with reduced computing time was recently presented. In this study, the computing time of the NeQuick model and the simplified NeQuick model was analyzed based on the GPS Klobuchar model. The NeQuick and simplified NeQuick model were applied to the GNSS data from GRACE-B, Swarm-C, and GOCE satellites to analyze the performance of the ionospheric correction and positioning. The difference in computing time between the NeQuick and simplified NeQuick model was up to 90%, but the difference in ionospheric accuracy was not as large as within 4.5%.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.59-68
• /
• 2019

This paper proposed a method to estimate the vertical delay from the slant delay, which can improve accuracy of the ionospheric correction of SBAS. Proposed method used Chapman profile which is a model for the vertical electron density distribution of the ionosphere. In the proposed method, we assumed that parameters of Chapman profile are given and the vertical ionospheric can be modeled with linear function. We also divided ionosphere into multi-layer. For the verification, we converted slant ionospheric delays to vertical ionospheric delays by using the proposed method and generated the ionospheric correction of SBAS with vertical delays. We used International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model for the simulation to verification. As a result, the accuracy of ionospheric correction from proposed method has been improved for 17.3% in daytime, 10.2% in evening, 2.1% in nighttime, compared with correction from thin shell model. Finally, we verified the method in the SBAS user domain, by comparing slant ionospheric delays of users. Using the proposed method, root mean square value of slant delay error decreased for 23.6% and max error value decreased for 27.2%.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.260-267
• /
• 2014

광역보정시스템(WA-DGNSS; wide area differential GNSS)의 정확성을 향상시키기 위해서는 GPS 오차 요인 중 가장 큰 영향을 미치는 전리층 지연 오차에 대한 추정 성능이 향상되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는 전리층 지연 추정 성능 향상을 위해 미국의 GPS, 러시아의 GLONASS, 유럽의 Galileo와 같은 각 국의 다양한 위성항법시스템을 통합하여 광역보정시스템 알고리즘에 적용해보았다. 그리고 기준국 수를 증가시키면서 한반도 지역의 전리층 지연 추정 성능을 시뮬레이션을 통해 분석해보았다. 그 결과 추정에 사용한 측정치의 수가 비슷함에도 불구하고 기준국 수를 증가시키기보다는 다중 위성항법을 사용하는 것이 전리층 지연 추정 성능 향상에 더 효과적임을 확인하였다. 본 논문의 결과는 단일 주파수 SBAS (satellite based augmentation system) 사용자의 전리층 지연 추정 성능을 향상시키기 위한 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국항공운항학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2016

Global Positioning System (GPS) is currently widely used for aviation applications. Single-frequency GPS receivers are highly affected by the ionospheric delay error, and the ionospheric delay should be corrected for accurate positioning. Single-frequency GPS receivers use the Klobuchar model, whose model parameters are transmitted from GPS satellites. In this paper, the long-term accuracy of the Klobuchar model from 2002 to 2014 is analyzed. The IGS global ionosphere map is considered as true ionospheric delay, and hourly, seasonal, and geographical error variations are analyzed. Histogram of the ionospheric delay error is also analyzed. The influence of solar and geomagnetic activity on the Klobuchar model error is analyzed, and the Klobuchar model error is highly correlated with solar activity. The results show that the Klobuchar model estimates 8 total electron content unit (TECU) over the true ionosphere delay in average. The Klobuchar model error is greater than 12 TECU within $20^{\circ}$ latitude, and the error is less than 6 TECU at high latitude.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
• /
• pp.195-198
• /
• 2006

One of the major sources of error in precise GPS positioning since the turn-off the Selective Availability(SA) is the ionospheric propagation delay. For the last decades, a lot of the ionospheric researches based on a GPS network have been implemented throughout the world. Especially researches of the ionospheric modeling for Wide Area Argumentation System(WAAS) have been undertaken and published. In mid-latitude regions, typical spatial and temporal variations in ionospheric models delay tend to minimal. The developed ionospheric model calls for a 1.25 degree grid at latitudes and a 2.5 degree grid at longitudes. The precise grid TEC estimated by the inversion technique is also compared with global ionosphere maps(GIMs) which have been provided by several analysis centers(ACs). The results of initial investigations into the suitability of the proposed ionospheric modeling scheme in north-east Asia are presented.

• 한국항해항만학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국항해항만학회 2006년도 International Symposium on GPS/GNSS Vol.2
• /
• pp.199-202
• /
• 2006

One of the major sources of error in precise GPS positioning since the turn-off the Selective Availability(SA) is the ionospheric propagation delay. For the last decades, a lot of the ionospheric researches based on a GPS network have been implemented throughout the world. Especially researches of the ionospheric modeling for Wide Area Argumentation System(WAAS) have been undertaken and published. In mid-latitude regions, typical spatial and temporal variations in ionospheric models delay tend to minimal. The developed ionospheric model calls for a 1.25 degree grid at latitudes and a 2.5 degree grid at longitudes. The precise grid TEC estimated by the inversion technique is also compared with global ionosphere maps(GIMs) which have been provided by several analysis centers(ACs). The results of initial investigations into the suitability of the proposed ionospheric modeling scheme in north-east Asia are presented.

• 한국항행학회논문지
• /
• 제22권4호
• /
• pp.271-278
• /
• 2018

단일주파수 수신기를 사용하는 저궤도위성의 전리층 보정을 수행하기 위해선 지상기반 전리층 보정 모델에 변환 계수를 적용해야 한다. 전리층 변환 계수는 3차원 전리층 분포를 제공하는 NeQuick 모델을 이용하여 계산할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 2015년 한 해 NeQuick G 모델을 이용하여 전리층 변환 계수를 계산한 후, 저궤도위성 관측값과 IGS 지상 전리층지도의 비율로 계산된 전리층 변환계수와 비교하였다. NeQuick G의 전리층 변환 계수를 IGS 전리층지도에 적용한 후, 저궤도위성에서 관측된 전리층 지연과 비교하여 정확도를 분석하였다. 또한, NeQuick G 변환 계수를 IGS 전리층 지도에 적용하여 계산한 전리층 지연 오차와 NeQuick G 모델만을 이용하여 계산한 전리층 지연 오차를 비교분석하였다. 추가적으로 위도 및 태양활동에 따른 전리층 지연오차를 분석하였다. 2015년 한 해 NeQuick G 모델로 계산된 평균 전리층 변환 계수는 0.269로 나타났으며, IGS 전리층 지도에 NeQuick G 변환 계수를 적용한 전리층 지연 오차는 NeQuick G 모델만으로 계산된 전리층 지연 오차보다 23.7% 더 작았다.