• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.609-617
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• 2020

After introducing the industry 4.0 policy, Korean government announced 'Digital New Deal' and 'Green New Deal' as 'Korean New Deal' in 2020. We analyzed Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM)'s research projects related to that policy and conducted markets analysis focused on Digital Twin and environmental monitoring technologies. Regarding 'Data Dam' policy, we suggested the digital geo-contents with Augmented Reality (AR) & Virtual Reality (VR) and the public geo-data collection & sharing system. It is necessary to expand and support the smart mining and digital oil fields research for '5th generation mobile communication (5G) and artificial intelligence (AI) convergence into all industries' policy. Korean government is suggesting downtown 3D maps for 'Digital Twin' policy. KIGAM can provide 3D geological maps and Internet of Things (IoT) systems for social overhead capital (SOC) management. 'Green New Deal' proposed developing technologies for green industries including resource circulation, Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS), and electric & hydrogen vehicles. KIGAM has carried out related research projects and currently conducts research on domestic energy storage minerals. Oil and gas industries are presented as representative applications of digital twin. Many progress is made in mining automation and digital mapping and Digital Twin Earth (DTE) is a emerging research subject. The emerging research subjects are deeply related to data analysis, simulation, AI, and the IoT, therefore KIGAM should collaborate with sensors and computing software & system companies.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38B no.5
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• pp.394-400
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• 2013

WoT (Web of Things) was proposed to realize intelligent thing to thing communications using WEB standard technology. It is difficult to adapt security protocols suited for existing Internet communications into WoT directly because WoT includes LLN(Low-power, Lossy Network) and resource constrained sensor devices. Recently, IETF standard group propose to use DTLS protocol for supporting security services in WoT environments. However, DTLS protocol is not an efficient solution for supporting end to end security in WoT since it introduces complex handshaking procedures and high communication overheads. We, therefore, divide WoT environment into two areas- one is DTLS enabled area and the other is an area using lightweight security scheme in order to improve them. Then we propose a mutual authentication scheme and a session key distribution scheme for the second area. The proposed system utilizes a smart device as a mobile gateway and WoT proxy. In the proposed authentication scheme, we modify the ISO 9798 standard to reduce both communication overhead and computing time of cryptographic primitives. In addition, our scheme is able to defend against replay attacks, spoofing attacks, select plaintext/ciphertext attacks, and DoS attacks, etc.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.207-212
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• 2015

Wi-Fi Direct allows battery powered mobile devices to form a wireless ad hoc network. Since one member of the network called Group Owner (GO) takes the role of managing the network, the network lifetime is mainly affected by the energy efficiency of GO. Hence, Wi-Fi Direct defines power saving schemes that allow GO to save the energy by turning off its radio interface during the periods called absence periods. However, the Wi-Fi Direct specification does not specify how to set parameters (denoted by PS parameters) determining the schedule of the absence periods. In this paper, we therefore propose a novel traffic-aware power saving scheme for Wi-Fi Direct networks. In particular, the proposed scheme estimates the application-level traffic load and adaptively tunes the PS parameters according to the estimated value.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.93-101
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• 2020

Shipyards are potential environments for using IoT services, sensor networks, and delay tolerant networks. Simulations of those services and networks strongly rely on human mobility models. Results obtained with an unrealistic model may not reflect the true performance of applications, protocols, and algorithms in a shipyard. A lot of synthetic models for human movements have been studied but most of them are generic and focus on the daily movements of humans on city scales. Nevertheless, workers in shipyards have unique movement characteristics such as movement speed, pause time, and attractions places. For instance, workers usually move to some places, where they work, and rarely move to other places in the factory. Movement characteristics of workers not only depend on workers but also on tasks, which they do. For instance, workers, who paint ships, have similar movement speed and pause time. Hence, in this paper, human movements in shipyards are studied. We propose a new human mobility model called the human mobility mode in shipyards (MIS). In MIS, workers are classified into multiple types. Movement characteristics of a worker are similar to other workers in the same type. Based on the visiting probability, workers have some places, where they frequently visits, and some places, where they rarely visit. We analyze real mobility traces and studie to achieve human movement characteristics from real traces. The results show that MIS provides a well-match to the movement characteristic from real traces.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.123-144
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• 2017

Personalized media includes user-targeted and user-generated content (UGC) exchanged through social media and interactive applications. The increased consumption of UGC presents challenges and opportunities to multimedia information systems. We work towards modeling a deep structure for content networks. To gain insights, a hybrid practice with Media Framework (MF) is presented for network creation of personalized media, which leverages the authoring methodology with user-generated semantics. The system's vertical integration allows users to audition their personalized media networks in the context of a global system network. A navigation scheme with dynamic GUI shifts the interaction paradigm for content query and sharing. MF adopts a multimodal architecture anticipating emerging use cases and genres. To model diversification of platforms, information processing is robust across multiple technology configurations. Physical and virtual networks are integrated with distributed services and transactions, IoT, and semantic networks representing media content. MF applies spatiotemporal and semantic signal processing to differentiate action responsiveness and information responsiveness. The extension of multimedia information processing into authoring enables generating interactive and impermanent media on computationally enabled devices. The outcome of this integrated approach with presented methodologies demonstrates a paradigmatic shift of the concept of UGC as personalized media network, which is dynamical and evolvable.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2017

The high costs of electric vehicle supply equipment (EVSE) and installation are currently a stumbling block to the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs). The cost-effective solutions are needed to support the expansion of charging infrastructure. In this paper, we develope EV charging system based on the big data analysis of the power consumption patterns. The developed EV charging system is consisted of the smart EV outlet, gateways, powergates, the big data management system, and mobile applications. The smart EV outlet is designed to low costs of equipment and installation by replacing the existing 220V outlet. We can connect the smart EV outlet to household appliances. Z-wave technology is used in the smart EV outlet to provide the EV power usage to users using Apps. The smart EV outlet provides 220V EV charging and therefore, we can restore vehicle driving range during overnight and work hours.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.796-805
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• 2016

In many wireless sensor network (WSN) applications, the information transmitted by an individual entity or node is of limited use without the knowledge of its location. Research in node localization is mostly geared towards multi-hop range-free localization algorithms to achieve accuracy by minimizing localization errors between the node's actual and estimated position. The existing localization algorithms are focused on improving localization accuracy without considering efficiency in terms of energy costs and algorithm convergence time. In this work, we show that our proposed localization scheme, called DV-maxHop, can achieve good accuracy and efficiency. We formulate the multi-objective optimization functions to minimize localization errors as well as the number of transmission during localization phase. We evaluate the performance of our scheme using extensive simulation on several anisotropic and isotropic topologies. Our scheme can achieve dual objective of accuracy and efficiency for various scenarios. Furthermore, the recently proposed algorithms require random uniform distribution of anchors. We also utilized our proposed scheme to compare and study some practical anchor distribution schemes.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.99-106
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• 2017

With the advent of virtual money such as bit coins, interest in the block chain is increasing. Block Chain is a technology that supports Distributed Ledger and is a versatile technology applicable to various fields. Currently, the block chain is conducting research for various applications such as virtual money, trade finance, marketplace, power market, image contents service, and IoT. The technologies that make up the block chain are smart contract, digital signature/hash function and consensus algorithm. And these technologies operate on P2P networks. In this paper, we have studied e-mail system based on the ethereum which is one of the block chain based technologies. Most legacy mail systems use SMTP and the POP3/IMAP protocol to send and receive e-mail, and e-mail use S/MIME to protect the e-mail. However, S/MIME is vulnerable to DDoS attacks because it is configured centrally. And it also does not provide non-repudiation of mail reception. To overcome these weaknesses, we proposed an e-mail system model based on ethereum. The proposed model is able to cope with DDoS attack and forgery prevention by using block chain based technology, and reliable recording and management among block chain participants are provided, so that it is possible to provide a non-repudiation function of e-mail transmission and reception.

• Journal of Satellite, Information and Communications
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.62-66
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• 2015

This paper introduces various applications and contents of digital signage, and analyzes conventional communication techniques to increase communication range. To realize digital signage in long distance, this paper proposes a hybrid modulation scheme and analyzes its performance. To verify its performance in real channel environment, we mapped symbols and experimented data transmission and reception with a visible light communication module with USRP. As a result, we confirmed a data receiving range and power of transmission and reception of the hybrid modulation mode. Also, we showed that the proposed modulation scheme has better performance of communication range and power efficiency than that of the conventional QAM technique.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.129-140
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• 2017

Weather acts through low visibility, precipitation, high winds, and temperature extremes to affect driver capabilities, vehicle performance (i.e., traction, stability and maneuverability), pavement friction, roadway infrastructure, crash risk, traffic flow, and agency productivity. Recently a variety of road weather big data sources such as CCTV, road sensor/systems, car sensor have been developed to solve the weather-related problems, This study identifies and defines the types and characteristics of these sources to suggest how to utilize them for car safety and efficiency as well as road management through analyzing domestic and oversea cases of road weather big data applications.