• Title/Summary/Keyword: IoT (internet of things)

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Slotted ALOHA Random Access with Multiple Coverage Classes for IoT Applications (사물인터넷 응용을 위한 다중 커버리지 클래스를 지원하는 슬롯화된 알로하 랜덤 접속)

  • Kim, Sujin;Chae, Seungyeob;Cho, Sangjin;Rim, Minjoong
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.42 no.3
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    • pp.554-561
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    • 2017
  • IoT (Internet of Things) devices are often located in environments where indoor or underground, signals are difficult to reach. In addition, the transmission power is low, the base station should be designed to be able to receive signals even at low reception sensitivity. For this reason, a device having a poor channel condition can be transmitted at a low data rate using a low coding rate or repetition. When the coverage class is divided according to the channel condition and the data rate, the packet length may vary from one coverage class to another, and the performance of the slotted aloha random access may be degraded. We will focus on two methods of using shared-resource and seperate resources among multiple slotted aloha methods. In particular, when devices with different coverage classes use shared resources, performance of a device with a bad channel condition may deteriorate. Conversely, when using separate resources for each coverage class, there is a problem that congestion may occur which increases the number of devices that perform random access to one resource area. In this paper, we propose some methods to overcome this problem. This study is mainly focused on MTC devices, and is considered to be a high possibility of future development.

Trusted Fog Based Mashup Service for Multimedia IoT based Smart Environmental Monitoring

  • Elmisery, Ahmed M.;Sertovic, Mirela
    • Journal of Multimedia Information System
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.171-178
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    • 2017
  • Data mashup is a web technology that combines information from multiple sources into a single web application. Mashup applications create a new horizon for new services, like environmental monitoring. Environmental monitoring is a serious tool for the state and private organizations, which are located in regions with environmental hazards and seek to gain insights to detect hazards and locate them clearly. These organizations utilize a data mashup to merge datasets from different Internet of multimedia things (IoMT) context-based services in order to leverage its data analytics performance and the accuracy of the predictions. However, mashup different datasets from multiple sources is a privacy hazard as it might reveal citizens specific behaviors in different regions. The ability to preserve privacy in mashuped datasets and at the same time provide accurate insights becomes a key success for the spread of mashup services. In this paper, we present our efforts to build a fog-based middleware for private data mashup (FMPM) to serve a centralized environmental monitoring service. The proposed middleware is equipped with concealment mechanisms to preserve the privacy of the merged datasets from multiple IoMT networks involved in the mashup application. Also, these mechanisms preserve the aggregates in the dataset to maximize the usability of information to attain accurate analytical results. We also provide a scenario for IoMT-enabled data mashup service and experimentation results.

A Customization Method for Mobile App.'s Performance Improvement (모바일 앱의 성능향상을 위한 커스터마이제이션 방안)

  • Cho, Eun-Sook;Kim, Chul-Jin
    • Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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    • v.17 no.11
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    • pp.208-213
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    • 2016
  • In the fourth industrial revolution, customization is becoming a conversation topic in various domains. Industry 4.0 applies cyber-physical systems (CPS), the Internet of Things (IoT), and cloud computing to manufacturing businesses. One of the main phrases in Industry 4.0 is mass customization. Optimized products or services are developed and provided through customization. Therefore, the competitiveness of a product can be enhanced, and satisfaction is improved. In particular, as IoT technology spreads, customization is an essential aspect of smooth service connections between various devices or things. Customized services in mobile applications are assembled and operate in various mobile devices in the mobile environment. Therefore, this paper proposes a method for improving customized cloud server-based mobile architectures, processes, and metrics, and for measuring the performance improvement of the customized architectures operating in various mobile devices based on the Android or IOS platforms. We reduce the total time required for customization in half as a result of applying the proposed customized architectures, processes, and metrics in various devices.

The Effects of Technology Readiness Index of Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things on the Recognition of Substitute Employment of Medical Personnel (인공지능, 사물인터넷의 기술준비도가 의료인력 고용대체인지도에 미치는 영향)

  • Kang, Han Seom;Kim, Young Hoon
    • Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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    • v.23 no.2
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    • pp.54-66
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: This study was to figure out relationships of perceived Technology Readiness Index(TRI), usefulness, acceptance intension, and the recognition of substitute employment of medical personnel on the artificial intelligence (AI) and internet of things (IoT) among main technologies. Methodology: To achieve the purpose, this study utilized structured survey tools to conduct a questionnaire survey of nursing, administrative and medical technology professionals at six university hospitals in Korea metropolitan area. A PLS(Partial Least Square) Path analysis was utilized To analyze the material. Findings: In the relation with the technology readiness and perceived usefulness, it had a positive influence to the perceived usefulness when the optimism and innovativeness were higher and the discomfort was lower. In the relation with the technology readiness and acceptance intension, it showed a positive influence when the innovativeness was higher and the discomfort was lower. In the relation with the perceived usefulness and acceptance intension, it had a positive influence to the acceptance intension when the perceived usefulness was higher. In the relation with the acceptance intension and the recognition of substitute employment, it showed a positive influence to the recognition of substitute employment when the acceptance intension was higher. Practical Implications: Judging based on the above study results and reference reviews, it confirmed that it is necessary to prepare in the level of hospital organization in the $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution. They should increase the efficiency of human resources through the technological factors or changes of employment types for the additional demands of human resources to handle increasing medical demands or induce to secure necessary abilities which are changing at the right time by performing the $4^{th}$ Industrial Revolution related re-training continuously to develop the value of existing human resources.

Homomorphic Encryption as End-to-End Solution for Smart Devices

  • Shanthala, PT;Annapurna, D;Nittala, Sravanthi;Bhat, Arpitha S;Aishwarya, Aishwarya
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.22 no.6
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    • pp.57-62
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    • 2022
  • The recent past has seen a tremendous amount of advancement in the field of Internet of Things (IoT), allowing the influx of a variety of devices into the market. IoT devices are present in almost every aspect of our daily lives. While this increase in usage has many advantages, it also comes with many problems, including and not limited to, the problem of security. There is a need for better measures to be put in place to ensure that the users' data is protected. In particular, fitness trackers used by a vast number of people, transmit important data regarding the health and location of the user. This data is transmitted from the fitness device to the phone and from the phone onto a cloud server. The transmission from device to phone is done over Bluetooth and the latest version of Bluetooth Light Energy (BLE) is fairly advanced in terms of security, it is susceptible to attacks such as Man-in-the-Middle attack and Denial of Service attack. Additionally, the data must be stored in an encrypted form on the cloud server; however, this proves to be a problem when the data must be decrypted to use for running computations. In order to ensure protection of data, measures such as end-to-end encryption may be used. Homomorphic encryption is a class of encryption schemes that allow computations on encrypted data. This paper explores the application of homomorphic encryption for fitness trackers.

Development of a model to analyze the relationship between smart pig-farm environmental data and daily weight increase based on decision tree (의사결정트리를 이용한 돈사 환경데이터와 일당증체 간의 연관성 분석 모델 개발)

  • Han, KangHwi;Lee, Woongsup;Sung, Kil-Young
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.20 no.12
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    • pp.2348-2354
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    • 2016
  • In recent days, IoT (Internet of Things) technology has been widely used in the field of agriculture, which enables the collection of environmental data and biometric data into the database. The availability of big data on agriculture results in the increase of the machine learning based analysis. Through the analysis, it is possible to forecast agricultural production and the diseases of livestock, thus helping the efficient decision making in the management of smart farm. Herein, we use the environmental and biometric data of Smart Pig farm to derive the accurate relationship model between the environmental information and the daily weight increase of swine and verify the accuracy of the derived model. To this end, we applied the M5P tree algorithm of machine learning which reveals that the wind speed is the major factor which affects the daily weight increase of swine.

Digital Distribution in Preparation for the 4th Industrial Revolution: Focused on the Beauty Industry

  • Hye Jeong, KOO;Ki Han, KWON
    • The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.21-33
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    • 2023
  • Purpose: After using the Internet, the world is changing through several paradigms, and the retail industry, which is essential to living in the world, is also changing rapidly. In this review paper, the requirements that the retail industry should consider and prepare in accordance with the rapidly changing paradigm were reviewed according to the current situation of the times. Research design, data, and methodology: It is a review of technological development using PRISMA flow diagram, retail change, and necessity in April 2022, and a review of the digital environment to be applied to the retail industry in the future. Results As the current situation and changes of retail, and the development of IT technology, reviews on the retail business applying the 4th Industrial Revolution, the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence were collected, and the direction of the retail industry was suggested. Conclusions: The direction for the retail industry in preparation for developing technologies was presented. In addition, this study is a review paper that suggests the need for research on active introduction of new technologies to the beauty market that is very close to human life and economically helpful as IT technology for the 4th industrial revolution develops rapidly.

Editorial for Vol. 30, Issue 3 (편집자 주 - 30권 3호)

  • Kim, Young Hyo
    • Korean journal of aerospace and environmental medicine
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.83-85
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    • 2020
  • In commemoration of Vol. 30, Issue 3, our journal prepared five review articles and one original paper. The global outbreak of COVID-19 in 2020 has impacted our society, and especially the aviation and travel industries have been severely damaged. Kwon presented the aviation medical examination regulations related to COVID-19 announced by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport of the Republic of Korea. Lim summarized various efforts of airlines to overcome the crisis in the aviation industry. He also discussed the management of these aircraft as the number of airplanes landing for long periods increased. Finally, he suggested various quarantine guidelines at airports and onboard aircraft. COVID-19 has had a profound impact on mental health as well as physical effects. Kim investigated the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and suggested ways to manage the stress caused by it. The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to a technology in which devices communicate with each other through wired or wireless communication. Hyun explained the current state of the technology of the IoT and how it could be used, especially in the aviation field. In the area of airline service, various situations arise between passengers and crew. Therefore, role-playing is useful in performing education to prepare and respond to passengers' different needs appropriately. Ra introduced the conceptual background and general concepts of role-playing and presented the actual role-play's preparation process, implementation, evaluation, and feedback process. For a fighter to fly for a long time and perform a rapid air attack, air refueling is essential, which serves refueling from the air rather than from the aircraft base. Koo developed a questionnaire based on the HFACS (Human Factors Analysis and Classification System) model and used it to conduct a fighter pilot survey and analyze the results.

Development of an IoT-Based Dizziness Detection System for VR Applications (VR 애플리케이션을 위한 사물인터넷 기반 어지럼증 검출 시스템 개발)

  • Ko, Euni;Kim, Youngcheon;Park, Hyelee;Jung, Wonseok;Seo, Jeongwook
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2019.05a
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    • pp.423-425
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    • 2019
  • Users may experience a sub-type of motion sickness, called cybersickness, when interacting with virtual reality (VR) applications in the state of wearing head mounted display (HMD) devices. Although the root cause of cybersickness is still unclear, it is believed to result from a sensory mismatch between visual and vestibular systems. However, there is a lack of studies developing data collection and analysis systems to measure cybersickness. In this paper, therefore, a system is designed that collects electroencephalography (EEG) and physiological data from a user wearing a VR HMD device through an internet of things (IoT) platform and decides whether a user experiences a symptom of cybersickness, namely dizziness, or not by using a decision threshold. Experimental results showed that the proposed system achieved about 92% accuracy of a dizziness detection when considering 14 participants.

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International Benchmarking on Factors Affecting the Number of Country Domain Name (국가도메인 네임 등록 수에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 국제 비교)

  • Kim, So-ra;Jun, Hyo-Jung;Kim, Tae-Sung
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.40 no.12
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    • pp.2434-2442
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    • 2015
  • With the arrival of the era of the Internet of Things (IoT), identification of an individual object is gaining significance. Internet address resources such as domain name, IP address, and OID are expected to play the role of an identifier and demand for them is also expected to increase. Accordingly, it becomes important to obtain the Internet address resources. As the Internet address resources market development, Internet address resources at the present time there is a need to gauge whether the potential to develop into industry. For this purpose, we have selected factors affecting the number of country domain name with 18 countries among OECD member countries as research target and carried out a regression analysis.