• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.127-147
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• 2020

The world is suffering from numerous human and economic losses due to the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19). The Korean government established a strategy to overcome the national infectious disease crisis through research and development. It is difficult to find distinctive features and changes in a specific R&D field when using the existing technical classification or science and technology standard classification. Recently, a few studies have been conducted to establish a classification system to provide information about the investment research areas of infectious diseases in Korea through a comparative analysis of Korea government-funded research projects. However, these studies did not provide the necessary information for establishing cooperative research strategies among countries in the infectious diseases, which is required as an execution plan to achieve the goals of national health security and fostering new growth industries. Therefore, it is inevitable to study information services based on the classification system and classification model for establishing a national collaborative R&D strategy. Seven classification - Diagnosis_biomarker, Drug_discovery, Epidemiology, Evaluation_validation, Mechanism_signaling pathway, Prediction, and Vaccine_therapeutic antibody - systems were derived through reviewing infectious diseases-related national-funded research projects of South Korea. A classification system model was trained by combining Scopus data with a bidirectional RNN model. The classification performance of the final model secured robustness with an accuracy of over 90%. In order to conduct the empirical study, an infectious disease classification system was applied to the coronavirus-related research and development projects of major countries such as the STAR Metrics (National Institutes of Health) and NSF (National Science Foundation) of the United States(US), the CORDIS (Community Research & Development Information Service)of the European Union(EU), and the KAKEN (Database of Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research) of Japan. It can be seen that the research and development trends of infectious diseases (coronavirus) in major countries are mostly concentrated in the prediction that deals with predicting success for clinical trials at the new drug development stage or predicting toxicity that causes side effects. The intriguing result is that for all of these nations, the portion of national investment in the vaccine_therapeutic antibody, which is recognized as an area of research and development aimed at the development of vaccines and treatments, was also very small (5.1%). It indirectly explained the reason of the poor development of vaccines and treatments. Based on the result of examining the investment status of coronavirus-related research projects through comparative analysis by country, it was found that the US and Japan are relatively evenly investing in all infectious diseases-related research areas, while Europe has relatively large investments in specific research areas such as diagnosis_biomarker. Moreover, the information on major coronavirus-related research organizations in major countries was provided by the classification system, thereby allowing establishing an international collaborative R&D projects.

• Journal of the Korean Academic Society of Industrial Cluster
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.67-86
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• 2007

Wonju Medical Equipment Industry, despite of its short history, poor sales and weak manpower and so on, have shown remarkable outcomes in a relatively short period. At the end of 2007, totally 79 enterprises (only 4.6% of whole enterprises in Korea) made 10% of the nationwide production and 15% of the nationwide exports with an annual average growth rate of 66.7%, contributing domestic medical equipment industry tremendously. In addition, many leading medical equipment enterprises in various fields already moved or plan to move to Wonju, accelerating Wonju Medical Equipment Cluster. Wonju Medical Equipment Industry Cluster now enters into the growth stage, getting out of the initial business setup stage. Especially, the nomination of Wonju cluster project from the government accelerates networking (e.g. the development of the universal parts, the establishment of the mutual collaboration model among enterprises, and the mutual marketing), making a rapid growth in Wonju Medical Equipment Industry. Wonju Medical Equipment Industry Cluster revealed positive outcomes despite of the weakness in investment size and infra-structure comparing with the other medical industry cluster in the advanced country, while many domestic enterprises pursued their own growth models and thus failed to promote the international competitive power. Wonju Medical Equipment Industry has been developed rapidly. However, there are many challenging problems to support enterprises: small R&D investment and thus weak technology power, difficulties in recruiting R&D engineers, and poor marketing capabilities, financial infrastructure & policies, and network architecture. In order to develop a world-competitive medical equipment industry cluster at Wonju, the complement of infrastructures, the technology innovation, the mutual marketing, and the network expansion to support enterprises are further required. Wonju' s experiences in developing medical equipment industry so far suggest that our own flexible cluster model considering the industry structure and maturity for different regions should be developed, and specific action plans from the local and central governments based on their systematic strategies for industry development should be implemented in order to build world-competitive industry clusters in Korea.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.71-76
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• 2015

Developed countries have set seed industry as a new growth engine, which demands strong support from the government. Multinational seed companies such as Monsanto and DuPont have made huge financial investment to secure their major roles in the global market. To spur domestic seed industry performance, Korean government laid out the foundation for developing seed industry through policy promotion in the late 2000s. In this paper, I look at the current state of the domestic and international seed market to provide information for improving the efficiency of the propulsion of the Golden Seed Project (GSP) along with its vision. The increasing size of global giant companies has been regarded to monopolize the world seed industry wherein ten renowned companies occupy 73% of the overall global market. In effect, this causes a price hike due to limited seed choices. Domestic seed market has been stuck in a range due to a sustained low agricultural production resulting in decreased seed demand and market size. Though breeding technologies for rice and vegetables are world-class, the technologies for top global crops such as cabbage, paprika, and forage are insufficient therefore professionals in this field are not easily employed. Moreover, there is a lack in appropriate infrastructure set up in the universities which adds to ineffective training of professionals. Being a key-supporting industry for agriculture, seed industry should be granted with strong and sustainable investment support from the government. In view thereof, GSP, which started in 2012, ambitions to spur researches outlined by excellent professionals in universities and seed companies aimed to drive seed export volume and quality and attain domestic seed self-sufficiency through adoption of export- and import-substitution seed types (10 varieties each) development strategies. To develop Korea's seed industry excellent achievement of GSP's goals should be drawn successfully and to do this beside development of high quality seeds, support programs for promotion of seed exports are also needed.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.15-23
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• 2023

In a situation where the necessity and importance of ESG management is increasing recently, it is judged that selecting important ESG-related variables for container terminals, which are the bases of export and import logistics, among various variables of ESG evaluation agencies will help to establish ESG management strategies for container terminals which led us to proceed with this study. The results of word network analysis are summarized as follows. The weighed degree, that is, the AWD of Environmental management(E) variables, is obtained in the order of Environmental Protection Investment(54), Environmental Awareness Education(45), Work Team Structure(31), Environmental certification(32). Page Ranks, the order of centrality and connectivity index is Environmental Awareness Education(0.0765), Employee Engagement(0.0765), Environmental Protection Investment(0.0761), Work Team Composition(0.0761), and Environmental certification(0.0761). The AWD(Average Weighed Degree) of the Social Responsibility Management(S) variables, followed by Protecting workers' human rights and contributing to local communities(68), Safety Education(63), Safety certification(59), and Responding to infectious diseases(40). Orders by Page Ranks, centrality and connectivity Index, are Protecting workers' human rights and contributing to local communities(0.165), Safety Education(0.153), Safety Certification(0.144) and Responding to infectious diseases(0.102). The AWD of Governance and Ethical management(G) variables, followed by Anti-corruption(27), Transparent management(24), Mutual cooperation between stakeholders(19), and Sustainability reporting(9). Page Ranks, the order of centrality and connectivity index is the Anti Corruption(0.241), Transparent management(0.216), Mutual cooperation between stakeholders(0.174), Directors' roles and responsibilities(0.105), Shareholder protection(0.097) and Sustainability Report(0.096).

• Journal of Venture Innovation
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.109-115
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• 2022

As the 4th industrial revolution progresses, foreign countries are promoting smart manufacturing innovation through digital transformation as a priority task early on to secure a competitive edge in the manufacturing industry. In response, the Korean government is also promoting a policy to enhance the competitiveness of small and medium-sized manufacturing companies by promoting digital transformation in the corporate sector to meet the global trend of the 4th industrial revolution era. Manufacturing powerhouses such as Germany and Japan see manufacturing as a key sector in digital transformation and are leading related policies, while emerging countries such as China are also promoting manufacturing innovation strategies such as building digital infrastructure and creating a digital innovation ecosystem. Korea is promoting the 'Korean-style smart factory dissemination and expansion strategy' by transforming Germany's manufacturing innovation strategy for smart factory supply to suit the domestic situation. However, the policy to supply smart factories so far has been conducted with support from individual companies under the leadership of the government, and most of the smart factories are at the basic level, and it is evaluated that there are limitations such as the lack of manpower to operate smart factories. In addition, while the current policy focuses on expanding the supply of smart factories in SMEs, it is necessary to establish a smart manufacturing system through linkages between large and small businesses in order to achieve the original goal of establishing a smart manufacturing system. Therefore, it can be said that from the standpoint of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), who are consumers of smart factories, it can be said that the digital transformation policy can achieve the expected results only when appropriate incentives are provided for the introduction of smart factories in a situation where management resources such as funds, technology, and human resources are lacking. In addition, it is judged that the uncertainty of the performance of digital investment always exists, and as long as large and small companies are maintained as an ecosystem of delivery and subcontracting, there is very little incentive for small and medium-sized manufacturing companies to voluntarily invest in or advance digital transformation. Therefore, the digital transformation policy of small and medium-sized manufacturing companies in the future has practical significance in that it suggests that there is a need to seek ways to attract SMEs' digital-related voluntary investment.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.512-534
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• 2016

This paper is to see what appears to be an economic crisis as urban crisis, to explore its emerging process and its major distinctive figures in the context of S. Korea, and to consider alternatives to overcome such an urban crisis. For this purpose, it first tries to show that the capitalist economic development (i.e. capital accumulation) has been stimulated and driven largely by extending investments into built environments. Then it analyzes how crises of overaccumulation, coupled with other crises such as the IMF crisis in 1997 and the financial crisis in 2008 which have been brought about by serious impacts of foreign financial capitals working on the global level, have led to accumulating of huge surplus reserves within both big companies and the central government on the one hand, increasing tremendously debts of households as well as government and private companies on the other. In particular, the debt crisis seems to be accelerated by fictitious capital generated through government's financial strategies to promote both supplies and demands in housing and property markets. There seem several ways of overcoming the urban crisis spiraled around accumulating surplus capital and increasing financial debt; raising real income, moderating investments into built environment, and increasing inputs into the fields of technology and well-being. In order to open up these ways, it is concluded, recent urban movements in terms of the right to the city are required not only to make the government and capital to do so, but also to realize interest of urban people who have produced such surplus but who are suffering from the debt crisis.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.43-48
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• 2015

Right after president Keun-Hae Park's announcement at German Dresden on March 2014, both expectation and skepticism have been raised for the Korean unification. The unification would give a great chance for the economic prosperity in the positive sense. In the negative sense, it would only give a great burden to the Republic's financial status. Comparing the expectation of the unification, there are lack of structured preparation, duplicated and/or overlapped systematic approach, and even the national strategies are diffused. There are several individual research papers, analytical data and information, researches on the industry and technology. However most of the previous researches and findings are unstructured and lack of completeness. It is hard to find out the overall feature of the unification strategy. West German has compassed that it knew very few the reality of East German status. The Korean Government may know much less about North Korea's condition comparing to West German. Before the actual unification in the Korean peninsula, it needs the Grand Plan for the national infrastructure and land utilization of the Korean peninsula. During the development of the Grand Plan for the Korean peninsula, the Asian Global transportation network could be developed at the same time. The German's unification experience can give a great opportunity to the development of the Gran Plan. The data and information, and the previous researches should be classified and structured in a way of systematic arrangement. Since most of investment and budget for the unification come from the Korea, it would be very much beneficial for the Korean people. The openness and early exposures of the Grand Plan for the national infrastructure are considered as mandatory action.

• The Korean Journal of Financial Management
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.145-167
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• 2010

We investigate the dynamic relationship between stock returns and investors' behavior. For the putpose of the paper, daily KOSPI returns are decomposed into two parts: overnight returns and daytime returns. Overnight return is measured by the closing price of the previous day and the opening price of the current day. And daytime return is measured by the opening and closing prices of the current day. Qvernight returns are assumed to reflect global economic information, and daytime returns, domestic or local information. Major results are as follows: Foreign investors' behavior has an effect on the overnight returns more than the daytime returns. Individual investors' behavior, however, has little effect on the overnight returns, but not the daytime returns. Consequently, forecast error variance decomposition shows that the variance explanation power of foreign investors is higher in overnight returns rather than in the daytime returns. And the variance explanation power of individual investors is higher in daytime returns rather than in overnight returns. It implies that foreign investors employ dynamic hedging strategies and give more weight to global economic information rather than to domestic information. We conclude that investment behavior of foreign investors and domestic individuals is based on different economic information. This paper's findings are consistent with the economic situation that the Korean capital markets have faced since the global financial crisis of August 2008.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.12 s.159
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• pp.1768-1777
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• 2006

As the fashion industry comes under the influence of globalization throughout all fields of industry, the globalization and the market entry strategies are required for Korean fashion firms. This study attempted to analyze the factors influencing foreign entry mode of Korean fashion business based on Eclectic Theory. Data collection has been carried out from November 25 until December 25, 2005. The questionnaires were sent through e-mail or fax to 622 trading companies. 67 questionnaires were returned for a response rate of 10.7%. Of these returns, 61 usable questionnaires were employed for data analyses. Descriptive analysis, factor analysis, discriminant analysis, and t-test were used for data analysis. First, the most important venture motivation was price competitiveness and many firms were engaged in both production and sales in their target countries, which were mainly in Southeast Asia. Second, the firm's ability and experience were found out as ownership advantage factor, investment stability and market potential as location advantage factor, and contract stability as internalization advantage factor. Third, the result of discriminant analysis showed that location advantage factor was a significant factor in predicting the entry of fashion firms into foreign countries.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.82-89
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• 2013

The phase in digital technology expedited low-budget digital film productions in the Korean film industry; hence the international film festivals circuit became the launching pad for Korean directors as they built their reputation and careers around the critical acclaim. Pieta (Kim Ki-Duk)'s Claim on Golden Lion prize at the Venice Film Festival in 2012 would be one of the splendid achievements - the festival is considered to be one of the top the international film festival. However, the increased volume of the low-budget digital film productions are not necessarily proportional to the growth in the quality of the productions. The drawbacks to the production system appeared to be the underlying cause. In attempt to approach the issue, this article explores the production system from 2000 until now. It is illustrated that the value chain model has been transformed from general ones into vertical & horizontal integrated ones. A notable example of successful indie bands-around Hongik university area-, as well the analysis on the low-budget hit productions, especially from the mid-2000's, are introduced as the case studies. The strategies that led the success, such as subsidies policy, the tax benefits on investment firms and production companies, and the aid in international film festival submissions on low-budget digital film productions, are thus examined with further suggestions.