• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.365-369
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• 2006

It is concentrated on a methodology to establish a scheme of investment on power distribution systems of components. This paper provides a methodology to estimate the scheme as using a customer interruption cost regarding reliability indices in power distribution systems. The proposed method basically uses the failure rate depending on time for explaining the deterioration of a component. Therefore, the theory of the sensitivity is used for deciding the precedence of the investment to consider an effect of each component's failure rate on the system reliability. After Estimating the sensitivity on component investment cost making incremental reliability level is produced by component's investment cost accumulated according to the precedence of the sensitivity. After that, the failure rate corresponding with reliability level on the curve of investment cost is used as producing the curve of customer interruption cost. Two curves have the crossing point that is proposed to acceptable reliability level for customer and utility. In this paper, the acceptable reliability level for customer with the utility is assessed to analyze customer interruption cost and sensitivity of reliability indices. In conclusion the result of investment based on this method is shown to the reliability level with two cost.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.70-76
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• 2020

This study examines whether there is a moderating effect of corporate social responsibility(CSR) on the relation between sales, general, and administrative(SG&A) expenditures and future corporate performance. SG&A expenditures are decomposed into maintenance and investment components and the latter component is focused. Using 968 Korean firm-year observations with CSR scores in the KOSPI market for the period of 2012-2017, this study investigates the relation between SG&A investment component and future corporate performance and then the moderate effect of CSR on its relation. Main results show that the SG&A investment component increases the future corporate performance and the moderate effect of CSR on its relation is more positively explicit. This finding implies that the effect of SG&A investment component on corporate performance is differentiated according to the level of CSR.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.41-48
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• 2019

Purpose - This study investigates whether financial analysts consider the intangible investment implicit in selling, general, and administrative (SG&A) expenditures to forecast firms' future earnings. Research design, data, and methodology - Using 52,609 U.S. firm-year observations spanning 1984-2016, this study examines the association between the Intangible investment implicit in SG&A expenditures and properties of analysts' earnings forecasts. To estimate the Intangible investment of SG&A, I decompose SG&A excluding R&D and advertising expenditures into maintenance and investment components following Enache and Srivastava (2017). Results - The main results show that analysts' earnings forecast errors and dispersion in analysts' forecasts increase with the intangible investment derived from SG&A because the investment component of SG&A affects future earnings and the uncertainty of those earnings. However, these results are weakened in the wholesale and retail industries where firms have a higher level of investment component of SG&A. I attribute the weaker results to low R&D expenditures in those industries. Conclusion - This study indicates that financial analysts incorporate the intangible investment of SG&A into their earnings forecasts differently across firms and industries. Furthermore, this study supports the argument for the separate reporting of the investment nature of SG&A from other operating expenses such as maintenance nature of SG&A.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.376-384
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• 2022

The article considers the features of the organizational-economic mechanism of attracting investment resources in the innovative development of regions in terms of sustainable development. Factors influencing the investment activity of regions in terms of sustainable development, including: institutional structure, intellectual capital, level of innovation infrastructure, business development, financial and credit component, level of human resources development, information environment, production development, environmental component. Factors influencing the attraction of investment resources in the regions are identified. The dynamics of changes in the volume of capital investments and foreign direct investment in Ukraine is analyzed. The regional features of the distribution of capital investments in the conditions of sustainable development are revealed. The essence of the main principles on the basis of which the organizational - economic mechanism of attraction of investment resources in innovative development of regions in the conditions of sustainable development should be formed is analyzed. A set of measures to regulate the investment processes of the regions has been identified. The mechanism of attraction of investment resources in innovative development of regions in the conditions of sustainable development is outlined. The results of activity of separate Agencies of regional development for 2020 in the direction of investment and innovation activity and increase of level of investment attractiveness of regions are analyzed. Important prerequisites for the effective implementation of the organizational-economic mechanism for attracting investment resources in the innovative development of regions in terms of sustainable development are identified. The main directions of directing the efforts of the organizational-economic mechanism to ensure the attraction of investment resources in the innovative development of regions in the context of increasing the level of investment activity in the regional aspect are substantiated.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.11-20
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• 2013

This study extends the extant scope of understanding investment decision, beyond the dominant 'technical' emphasis on the application of discounted cash flow techniques. The research methodology draws the positivist and interpretive research paradigms. It uses a deductive approach, survey strategy and principal component analysis for the analysis. Three key sets of factors emerged as important in the investment decision process in the hydropower sector. They are: group consensus (framing), influences on own judgment (heuristics), and application of knowledge & experience (intuition). The use of purposive and convenient sampling might have some unintended impact on the findings. Consequently, any generalizations of the findings to a wider population of organizations and managers need to be made with care. It is hoped that this paper will encourage other researchers to go beyond the analytic techniques of investment appraisal that have dominated investment decision research and seek to balance the emphasis by focusing on human involvement and behavioral aspects of investment decision.

• 연구논문집
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• s.29
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• pp.173-183
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• 1999

The vacuum investment casting process for a large gas turbine component, Inner Preswirl Support (IPS), was simulated by using commercial FEM package ProCAST(TM) with view factor radiation method. The solid fraction in mushy zone was directly measured by Differential thermal analysis(DTA-DSC mode). Three types gating design. considering liquid flow and heat release through it. were proposed. Solidification had begun at the ribs or thin sections of the IPS casting and advanced further through the upper and lower gates. The computed temperature gradient G and G/R values at 70% solidified temperature were used for prediction of microshrinkage formation during casting. The effect of mold preheat on the thermal history of the casting displayed minute effect on the microshrinkage formation.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.175-201
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• 2014

This paper analyses the effect of R&D investment on local economies. R&D investment contributes to the regional local economy by increasing employment and production activity of the investees. The investees may end up with increased productivity, sales and employment. At the regional R&D level, the central government R&D fund and firm self R&D budget will be the source of R&D investment. Further positive effects are inter-related with local industries. This study carried out an empirical analysis on the effect of R&D investment on local economies using Korean panel data after comparing international literatures. The dynamic panel estimator is used to estimate an autoregressive model with lagged dependent variable. Using the Da Silva method, mixed variance-component moving-average error process is estimated and selected. R&D investment is very important factor to improve the productivity of a region and the size of the effect is dependent on the time periods within the Korean economic history.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.161-178
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• 2023

Purpose - purpose of this paper is to analyze the effects of the investment facilitation levels of 11 RCEP countries (excluding Myanmar, Brunei, and Laos due to lack of data) on China's outward foreign direct investments(OFDI) using balanced panel data from 2010 to 2019. Design/methodology - First, four investment facilitation measurement indicators (regulatory environment, infrastructure, financial market, ease of doing business) were selected,investment facilitation scores of the 11 countries were obtained using the principal component analysis, an investment gravity model was established with nine explanatory variables (investment facilitation level, market size, population, geographic distance, degree of opening, tax level, natural resources, whether the country is an APEC member or not, and whether a valid bilateral investment treaty with China has been concluded) were used to establish an investment gravity model, and regression analyses were conducted with OLS and system GMM. Findings - The results of the regression analyses showed that investment facilitation levels had the greatest effect on China's OFDI, all four first-level indicators had positive effects on China's OFDI, and among them, the institutional environment had the greatest effect. In addition, it was shown that explanatory variables such as market size, population, geographical distance, degree of openness, natural resources, and whether or not a valid bilateral investment treaty has been concluded would have positive effects on China's OFDI, while tax levels and APEC membership would impede China's OFDI to some extent. Originality/value - Since the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEPT) came into effect not long ago, there are not so many studies on the effects of investment facilitation levels of RCEP member states on China's OFDI, and the investment facilitation measurement index constructed in this paper is relatively systematic and scientific because it includes all the contents of investment facilitation related to the life cycle of company's foreign direct investments.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.81-89
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• 2019

Many authors have examined the impact of public spending on economic growth. This study uses ordinary least-squares technique to test the effect of state budget expenditure with two major components: development investment expenditure and recurrent expenditure on Vietnamese economy for the period 2000-2017. The empirical results show that the state budget expenditure of Vietnam has positive effect on the economy, however each main component has different impacts. Recurrent expenditure has significant positive impact on Vietnamese economy while there has no evidence to affirm the relationship between the development investment expenditure and the economic growth. Vietnamese government should restructure the state budget to enhance the positive effect on the economy. In the short run, Vietnam should not increase development investment expenditure due to low efficency in public investment. In the long run, it is necessary to economize recurrent expenditure to reserve a reasonable proportion of state budget for development investment expenditure to build infrastructure for developing the economy. The state budget expenditure should be restructured towards prioritizing recurrent expenditure on human and social relief, reducing public administration expenditure, allocating investment capital from the state budget for key and pervasive projects, avoiding spreading out investments as well as crowding out private investments.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.414-416
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• 2003

As environmental conditions for memory products are increasingly high speed/high density, adopting diverse system configuration, it's more and more difficult for current component tester to adopt the actual condition of field application. If system test screening is realized in component level, test coverage failure can be made more secured in the initial stage, evaluation cost can be reduced and the effectiveness of investment for the facility can be maximized. Based on the above background, component automatic system tester was developed and showed off satisfactory results per each memory device family. In this paper, component quality stabilization strategy and cost saving for tester investment through future Quality monitoring and application to mass production will be presented.