• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.29-57
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• 2006

While a number of studies have recognized the importance of environment of channel systems and consequences of changed environment, only limited studies have dealt with this issue theoretically and practically. The purpose of this study is to empirically validate whether one dimension of environment, called dynamism, has an influence on the relationship characteristics such as transaction specific investment opportunism and conflict or not: further, it is designed to delve into whether these relationship characteristics have any influence on one crucial relationship quality, 'trust' and its two constituent dimensions - credibility and benevolence. In order to provide empirical validation, a survey was conducted to 163 sales office managers at a major newspaper publisher in Korea. An analysis of the data retrieved from this survey indicated that while environmental dynamism has a positive influence on the publisher's opportunism and conflict perceived by the sales office managers, it did not show a direct influence on the transaction specific investment made by the publisher. Furthermore, while publisher's transaction specific investment had a positive influence on the credibility and the benevolence respectively, publisher's opportunism and level of sales office conflict had a negative influence on the credibility and the benevolence respectively. Currently, a publisher is facing an unprecedentedly dynamic environment. This study should provide ample implications for the publisher in establishing trust, which is a crucial condition in developing and maintaining a long-term successful relationship with its sales offices.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.157-167
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• 2023

The purpose of this research was to determine the degree to which Small-to-Medium Enterprise (SME) owners and operators in Mountain Province were willing to take on financial risk to invest in the capital markets as a potential additional source of income, as well as the extent to which these five indicator variables-particularly their income, expenses, financial goals, liquid cash, and insurance coverage-were influenced by demographic factors. The study used a quantitative approach and employed a descriptive survey research method. The results show that the SME Owners and Operators in Mountain Province have minimal knowledge of capital market investments which makes them moderate investors with a neutral level of financial risk tolerance toward capital market investment. Their marital status, net income, and educational attainment significantly influence their financial risk tolerance level. The respondents also believe that engaging in the capital markets will grow their businesses. Further, the extent of influence of Income, Expenses, Liquid Cash, and Insurance Cover on the financial risk tolerance of the SME owners and operators in Mountain Province a great extent; thus, making them careful in investing in the capital markets, and it is primarily affected by their Net Income. Consequently, the financial goals of SME owners and operators in Mountain Province have a vital role in their financial risk tolerance level.

• Journal of Information Technology Services
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.93-105
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• 2006

More emphasis has recently been put on the strategic application of IT, the linkage and integration between information system, and business process for value increase of a company's business. Thus, it is high time to redefine the concept of IT governance in order to effectively manage various IT services and assets. However, less attention has been paid to the practical study of domestic firms, compared to in the academic and industrial level. In this study, the current situation of IT governance setup and various factors for future development will be examined by a case study to explore activities, types, and determinants of decision making process that companies are currently conducting regarding IT governance. For the purpose of comparative analysis, two large enterprises were chosen with similar size of sales and high investment rate for IT within the same industry, and in-depth analysis was conducted based on the interviews of the concerned parties and in-house materials, from the perspective of structure, process, and relational mechanism. By the case study on IT governance of company 'A' and 'B', decision making mechanism and factors will be analyzed, which will indicate detailed characteristics of each decision-making field and its components for general application. By doing so, it is expected to be used as reference in building IT governance that fits the environment of a firm in the future.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.213-214
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• 2015

The first successful case of a CM application in Shanghai, China in 1993 presented its possibility. According to the State Council's 'Investment system reformation', in 2004, more than 40 sub-provincial divisions in China were increased the productivity of construction by the CM application. It is predicted that CM will be utilized as a technical management method at government's plan, which raises the urbanization level more than 60% through the construction industry by 2020. However, compared with increasing CM demands, there are no complete evaluation criteria of CM in china. For instance, 26 areas in china arrange criteria individually, so. Therefore, it is necessary to establish integrated evaluation criteria on the basis of regional ones. This research will draw the evaluation criteria of selecting for the China CM Corporation in order to vitalize CM system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11c
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• pp.414-416
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• 2003

As environmental conditions for memory products are increasingly high speed/high density, adopting diverse system configuration, it's more and more difficult for current component tester to adopt the actual condition of field application. If system test screening is realized in component level, test coverage failure can be made more secured in the initial stage, evaluation cost can be reduced and the effectiveness of investment for the facility can be maximized. Based on the above background, component automatic system tester was developed and showed off satisfactory results per each memory device family. In this paper, component quality stabilization strategy and cost saving for tester investment through future Quality monitoring and application to mass production will be presented.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.122-128
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• 2017

Recently, accidents such as human accidents are increasing rapidly due to natural disasters and changes in social conditions due to abnormal weather. As a result, damage has been causing massive damage unlike the past. In the case of small and medium enterprises excluding financial institutions and big company, there is no system for prevention and restoration for stable operation from various risks such as human and natural disasters. As the current disaster continues, public and private companies have raised the need for BCM, and with the introduction of the ISO22301 certification system, the company has been establishing and operating Enterprise Disaster Management Standards in the Ministry of Public Safety and Security since 2007. However, in most SMEs, it is hard to bear the input of internal labor and investment cost, and there is a lack of personnel with expertise to conduct BCM diagnosis. Therefore, in this paper, we will study the diagnosis level of enterprise continuity plan which is commonly used in Korea and abroad. Based on this, we will study the BCM system diagnosis method which can be applied to small and medium enterprises in Korea efficiently.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.151-163
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• 2021

Purpose - The break-even point refers to the point where total profit and total cost coincide, and from this point on, the entrepreneur's decision-making takes a different route. Strategic decisions can be made for more efficient operation and eventually for more likelihood for growth and sustainability if a startup figures out when it recoups the investment and switches to a net profit. Design/methodology/approach - 748 creativity and skill-based sole proprietors in manufacturing industry were examined to demonstrate the effect of the entrepreneur's entrepreneurial experience and education level, the business launch preparation time, or the self-financing on the achievement of break-even point. Findings - While the business launch preparation time lowered the likelihood of reaching a break-even point, self-financing increased the likelihood. As a result of further analysis by subdividing into subgroups according to skill level, only the business launch preparation time was statistically significant in the highly skilled industries. In the low skilled industries, in addition to the business launch preparation time, the CEO's education level and the self-financing were statistically significant. Research implications or Originality - The longer the business launch preparation time, the higher the start-up cost, which increases the burden of initial cost recovery, and the agile response to market changes is thereby delayed, resulting in the business idea losing its appeal. Self-financing not only provides stability and strong motivation for the business operation but also promotes careful spending which contributes to the achievement of break-even point. In particular, it is found that practical experience is more useful than theoretical knowledge in low skilled industries. Due to the limitation of secondary data based on the recollection, the time required to reach a break-even point, percentage of financing sources, etc. may include cognitive errors. In addition, variables are not included that explain the characteristics of creativity and skill-based sole proprietorship, so it is necessary to exercise caution with the actual application.

• The Journal of Society for e-Business Studies
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.1-16
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• 2003

ERP implementations are known to be unusually difficult, even when compared to other large-scale systems developing in a firm level, because it requires a substantial investment of time, money, and internal resources. Moreover, medium and small-sized enterprises that are increasingly adopting ERP feel much difficult due to the lack of resources. To promote the spread of ERP in medium and small-sized enterprises, "ERP template standardization methodology" led by government has been used for constructing ERP system in Korea. In this study, we present a study to measure fitness between ERP standard templates and business processes of 10 small enterprises in 5 industries. Also, we define a fitness measure suitable for this purpose. We car find that ERP template standardization methodology is partly adequate to establish ERP systems and it is required to add to templates which support the differences of business process.

• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2005.02a
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• pp.140-157
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• 2005

Industrial technological competitiveness is the major issue for many countries. therefore, many experts have concerned with how to measure competitiveness of industrial technologies. The purpose of this paper was to suggest the reasonable methodology of investigating competitiveness of industrial technologies. For such reasons, the technological competitiveness should analyzed on national, industrial an d firm level. In Korean case of the technological competitiveness has been assessed and analyzed industrial vision or target and looking for industrial demand survey for growing industries or requiring to investment of a large scale in dimension, such as 'Growing Engine Industries for Next Generation' However, it has not made a. thorough and systematic study on the assessment and analysis of the technological competitiveness, on this account developing of a systemic method and taking proper process of the technological competitiveness in industrial sector, and buildup the database system in adoptable real firms in sector. This paper will provide political counterproposal by surveying, assessing, and analyzing for technological competitiveness objectively through it can be leaded by technological innovations.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.81-93
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• 2019

As customers' needs are more diversified, the issue of managing product variety has become more important to manufacturers. It is because an increase in product variety may cause various inefficiencies in operations, while satisfying more diverse needs. Consequently, firms have introduced the concept of modularity to improve operational performance. Yet there are only a few studies which analytically investigate the effect of modularity in new product development (NPD). Therefore, this research develops an analytical model of exploring the effect of modularity on firm profitability when a component built upon new technology is introduced into an existing product, and provides important managerial implications on the NPD and technology management, which can guide the decision making on modularity in practice. The results show that it is necessary to increase modularity level when i) the product is easy to upgrade, ii) the product's price should be high due to external factors, and iii) the effect of new technology investment is uncertain, while it is desirable to increase the investment cost for introducing new products with low demand elasticity for modularity.