• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.169-172
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• 2009

Intraocular metastasis is the most common malignancy of the eye. The frequency of intraocular metastasis in all the patients dying of cancer is about 12% and ocular metastases will be detected more frequently in the future because the patients with malignant tumor are now living longer. Intraocular metastasis can cause a serious clinical problem such as blindness. The early recognition and treatment of intraocular metastasis are very important clinical oncologic issues to maintain vision and to maximize the quality of life. However, significance of intraocular metastasis is still under-evaluated for practicing oncologists. External beam radiotherapy is a safe, effective palliative treatment in terms of preserving both the vision and the eye globe.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.59 no.1
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• pp.93-96
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• 2005

Intraocular tumors are uncommon and an intraocular metastatic carcinoma is extremely rare. An intraocular metastasis in adults most often originates from the breast or the lung. An intraocular lesion may be the first presentation of cancer and a search should be made to locate the primary tumor. To our knowledge, an intraocular metastasis of a bronchioloaveolar carcinoma has not reported in Korea. We report a case of a bronchioloalveolar carcinoma presenting with the initial symptom of a unilateral visual disturbance due to an intraocular metastasis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.117-119
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• 2010

Choroidal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular cancer in adults. The predominant sites of metastasis that are associated with a poor prognosis are liver, lung and bone. The authors report here on a case of metastatic choroidal melanoma in the rib and bronchus, and this was all treated by surgical resection.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.283-287
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• 2023

A 10-year-old spayed female beagle dog presented with a 2-month history of third-eyelid elevation in the left eye (OS). Ophthalmic examination revealed slightly diminished corneal and palpebral reflexes along with exophthalmos in the OS. Schirmer's tear test and intraocular pressure values were within the normal range for the OS. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed protrusion of the third eyelid and corneal opacity in the OS. Fundoscopy revealed a prominent black mass in the OS covering the optic nerve. Tapetal hyper-reflectivity was also observed around the mass. Ocular ultrasonography showed a 0.74 × 0.67 cm echogenic posterior segment mass around the optic nerve protruding into the retrobulbar space. Computed tomography revealed a contrast-enhanced soft tissue lesion in the posteromedial aspect of the left eyeball protruding into the retrobulbar region, and the optic nerve was suspected to be involved. No evidence of osteolytic changes in the adjacent bone or distant metastasis was observed. Enucleation was performed to prevent potential metastasis or local invasion of the mass and to relieve discomfort due to exposure to keratopathy resulting from lagophthalmos. Histopathological examination revealed a central choroidal melanocytoma extending into the optic nerve. No local recurrence was detected until 16 months postoperatively.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.624-629
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• 2001

Metastatic tumors to the eyes are probably the most common type of intraocular malignancies. The most common metastatic tumor is the breast cancer overall and lung cancer in men. An eyeball metastasis from lung cancer has a poor prognosis. Differentiating an eyeball metastasis from the primary malignant melanoma is important. Eyeball metastasis of a lung adenocarcinoma confirmed by pathology has not reported in Korea. Here we report a case of a metastatic lung adenocarcinoma to the eyeball confirmed by enucleation and a transbronchial lung biopsy with a review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.315-318
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• 2018

A 13-year-old spayed female Beagle dog was referred with high intraocular pressure, hyperemia, and exophthalmos of the left eye and underwent ultrasound, which revealed a mass in the ciliary body of the left eye. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was ordered to evaluate invasion of surrounding structures and metastasis to the brain via the optic nerve. On MR imaging, a single, well-defined, smoothly marginated, triangular-to-oval-shaped mass was found. The mass was hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images, similar to a previous case of ocular melanoma. The mass originated from the ciliary body and extended from the anterior chamber to the posterior chamber. Slight enhancement was observed in the mass. There was no evidence of invasion into surrounding structures or the optic nerve, and no sign of metastasis to the brain. The mass was histopathologically diagnosed as benign uveal melanocytoma.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.205-208
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• 2015

A 6-year old, neutered male, Maltese dog was presented in Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, Seoul National University. As hyphema and aqueous flare in the right eye were found, medical treatment for uveitis was started. Four months later, anterior displacement of dorsotemporal iris was observed. A mass originating from ciliary body of the right eye was revealed by ocular sonography. There was no evidence of metastasis on thoracic and abdominal radiographic imaging. Enucleation was performed on the right eye due to the enlargement of the mass and deteriorating uveitis. On histopathological evaluation, anterior uveal melanocytoma with chronic hemorrhage was confirmed. This case suggests adequate removal of intraocular neoplasm by enucleation can be curative in case of continuous hemorrhage or inflammation in the eye that cannot be controlled by non-surgical medications.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.233-236
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• 2018

A 13-year-old spayed female Beagle dog was referred with high intraocular pressure, hyperemia, and exophthalmos of the left eye and underwent ultrasound, which revealed a mass in the ciliary body of the left eye. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was ordered to evaluate invasion of surrounding structures and metastasis to the brain via the optic nerve. On MR imaging, a single, well-defined, smoothly marginated, triangular-to-oval-shaped mass was found. The mass was hyperintense on T1-weighted images and hypointense on T2-weighted images, similar to a previous case of ocular melanoma. The mass originated from the ciliary body and extended from the anterior chamber to the posterior chamber. Slight enhancement was observed in the mass. There was no evidence of invasion into surrounding structures or the optic nerve, and no sign of metastasis to the brain. The mass was histopathologically diagnosed as benign uveal melanocytoma.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2018

Objective : Choroidal metastases (CMs) are the most common intraocular tumor. Management is mainly radiation therapy with goals of pain control and visual improvement. However, many radiation-related complications are reported. Since gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for CM was first reported in 1995, few cases have been reported. We report 7 cases of CMs treated with GKS. Methods : From April 2011 to November 2014, 7 patients with CM underwent GKS. Their median age at treatment was 64 years (range, 51-71 years). Four males and three females were treated. Lung cancer was the most common primary pathology, followed by renal cell carcinoma and stomach cancer. Four patients had multiple cerebral lesions and were treated simultaneously for choroidal lesions. The median marginal dose of 20 Gy (range, 15-25 Gy) was administered at the 50% isodose line. Results : Median follow-up period after GKS was 8 months (range, 2-38.3 months). Four patients expired due to underlying malignancy progression. Except for two patients who were not followed with magnetic resonance image after GKS, all patients showed size reduction in the treated lesions, but a new choroidal lesion appeared in one patient and one recurred. Six of seven patients reported subjectively improved visual symptoms. Visual acuity improved in 2 patients, and 2 were stable upon objective examination. One patient showed no improvement in visual acuity, but ocular pain was relieved; another patient showed improved vision and tumor remission, but visual deterioration recurred. Conclusion : GKS was shown to be safe and effective and should be considered for CM treatment.