• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.175-179
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• 2005

An 11-year-old girl with a history of two previous attacks of acute pancreatitis was admitted to another hospital. Her epigastrium was tender, and serum amylase was 657 IU/L and lipase 3131 IU/L. Abdominal computed tomography scan suggested necrosis of 30% of the pancreas. Retrograde endoscopic cholangiopancreatography showed a diverticulum covered by normal duodenal mucosa at the second portion of the duodenum, which was separated from the adjacent duodenal lumen by a radiolucent band at UGI series. The apex of the diverticulum was incised endoscopically using a needle knife papillotome. A follow-up endoscopy on the next day noticed bleeding from the incised edge of the diverticulum. Endoscopic hemostasis with hemoclipping and injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine solution was not successful. The patient was transferred to Kyungpook National University Hospital, and open duodenotomy and excision of the diverticulum were performed. She has recovered well and remains asymptoatic.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.675-680
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• 1996

A case of giant fibrovascular polyp of the esophagus with a review of the literature is presented. A 52 year old man with into rmittent dysphagia was found to have an intraluminal esophageal lesion of remarkable size by the radiological studies, but overlooked at esophagoscopy. A giant esophageal polyp w s successfully re- moved surgically by transthoracic approach, although preoperative evaluation of the location and characteristics of the lesion was problematic. These pedunculated intraluminal polyps are rare and characterized by slow growing. benign nature that almost always originate at the level of. the cricopharyngeus muscle, and often attain giant proportions. Symptoms are related to esophageal ob- struction and sudden death by asphyxia can occur. Surgical removal is the choice of treatment.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.400-404
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• 2008

A 10-year-old intact female Yorkshire terrier dog (weighing 3 kg) was referred with the primary complaint of severe dyspnea, cyanosis and occasional syncopal episode. Physical examination revealed irregularly irregular bradycardia with persistent pulse deficits. The 12-lead surface ECG showed high grade atrioventricular blocks. Thoracic radiography revealed severe intrathoracic collapse. The dog was successfully treated with an intraluminal self-expanding stent ($COOK^{(R)}$) under the aid of transcutaneous cardiac pacing.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.66-66
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• 2003

In skeletal muscle cells, depolarization of the transverse tubules (T-tubules) results in Ca$\^$2+/ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), leading to elevated cytoplasmic Ca$\^$2+/ and muscle contraction. This process has been known as excitation-contraction coupling (E-C coupling). Several proteins, such as the ryanodine receptor (RyR), triadin, junctin, and calsequestrin (CSQ), have been identified to be involved in the Ca$\^$2＋/ release process. However, the molecular interactions between the SR proteins have not been resolved. In the present study, the mechanisms of interaction between RyRl and triadin have been studied by in vitro protein binding and $\^$45/Ca$\^$2+/ overlay assays. Our data demonstrate that the intraluminal loop II of RyR1 binds to triadin in Ca$\^$2+/-independent manner. Moreover, we could not find any Ca$\^$2+/ binding sites in the loop II region. GST-pull down assay revealed that a KEKE motif of triadin, which was previously identified as a CSQ binding site (Kobayasi et al.,2000 JBC) was also a binding site for RyR1. Our results suggest that the intraluminal loop II of RyR could participate in the RyR-mediated Ca$\^$2+/ release process by offering a direct binding site to luminal triadin.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.256-264
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• 2021

Purpose: Data on the relationship between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and brief resolved unexplained events (BRUE) in infants is scarce. The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of combined multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (MII-pH) monitoring in infants who have experienced BRUE. Methods: We conducted a prospective study of infants who were hospitalized on account of BRUE and required 24-hour MII-pH monitoring. Results: Twenty-one infants (mean age, 4.7 months; range, 0.9-8.9 months; male/female, 11/10) participated in this study. BRUE symptoms associated with GER were found in 10 infants (47.6%). Based on the RI on pH-metry alone, only 7 (33.3%) infants were diagnosed with GERD. More than 100 GER episodes detected by MII were found in 10 (47.6%) infants. Nineteen percent of infants were diagnosed with GERD based on both pH and MII. Conclusion: Both acid and non-acid reflux seem to play a significant role in the pathogenesis of GER-related BRUE in infants.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.331-338
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• 1995

Purpose : To evaluate our clinical experience with the combination of teletherapy and intraluminal brachytherapy in patients with unresectable or inoperable esophageal cancers. Materials and Methods : From Nov 1989 to Mar 1993, twenty patients with esophageal cancer were treated with radical radiotherapy and intraluminal brachytherapy at Yonsei Cancer Center. All patients had squamous histolgy and stage distribution was as follows: stage II, 4($20{\%}$)patients; III, 15 ($75{\%}$)patients; IV, 1($5{\%}$)patients. A dose of S-12Gy/1-3weeks with intraluminal brachytherapy (3-5Gy/fraction) to 5mm from the outside of the esophageal tube using high dose rate Iridium-192 remotely afterloading brachytherapy machine was given 2 weeks after a total dose of 59-64Gy with external radiotherapy. Induction chemotherapy using cisplatin and 5-FU was performed in 13 patients with median 3 cycles(1-6 cycles), Response rate, local control rate, survival and complications were analysed retrospectively. Results : Two-year overall survival rate and median survival were $15.8{\%}$ and 13.5 months. Response rates were as follows complete remission(CR) 5($25{\%}$): partial remission a(PRa) 7($35{\%}$): partial remission b(PRb) 7($35{\%}$), no response(NR) 1($5{\%}$). Patterns of failure were as follows; local failure 13($65{\%}$), local and distant failure 3($15{\%}$), distant failure 0($0{\%}$). Ultimate local control rate was $20{\%}$. Treatment related complications included esophageal ulcer in two patients and esophageal stricture in one. Conclusion : Though poor local conrol rate, median survival was improved as compared with previous results of radiation therapy alone(8months) and chemoradiation combined treatment(11 months) in Yonsei Cancer Center High-dose-rate intraluminal brachytherapy following external irradiation is an effective treatment modality with acceptable toxicity in esophageal cancer.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.467-474
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• 2014

The relative dose calculated by MCNPX and the relative dose measured by ionization chamber and solid phantoms evaluated the accuracy comparing with Monte Carlo simulation. In order to apply Monte Carlo simulation the intraluminal brachytherapy of extrahepatic bile duct cancer, 192Ir sealed radioactive source replicate, Bile duct and surrounding organs were made using KMIRD phantom based on a South Korea standard man. To check the absorbed dose of normal organs around bile duct, we set the specific effective energy and initial radioactivity to 1 Ci using MCNPX. Evaluation of the accuracy of the Monte Carlo simulation, the difference of the relative dose is the most 1.96% that satisfy the criteria that is the relative error less than 2% suggested by MCNPX code. In addition, The specific effective energy and absorbed dose of normal organs that were relatively adjacent to bile duct such as right side of kidney, liver, pancreas, transverse colon, spinal cord, stomach and small intestine were relatively high. on the contrary, the organs that were relatively distant to bile duct such as left side of kidney, spleen, ascending colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon were relatively low.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.229-246
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• 2008

Objectives : Acupoints of LR1(Dadun)${\cdot}$HT9(Shaochong), KI10(Yingu)${\cdot}$HT3(Shaohai) are used as controlling the diseases from heart problems. Especially, when they are used, tonification or sedation techniques method is taken as a controlling the medication for an early stroke in the Korean medicine. So the aim of this study is to investigate the anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects of Acupuncture techniques of tonification or sedation at LR1${\cdot}$HT9, KI10${\cdot}$HT3 on the focal ischemia induced by intraluminal filament insertion in rats. Materials and Methods : The focal ischemia was induced by intraluminal filament insertion into middle cerebral artery. The animals were divided into five groups (n=7 in each group) : Control group, no therapy group after ischemia induced; AT-1; acupuncture therapy group at LR1${\cdot}$HT9, KI10${\cdot}$HT3 after ischemia-induced. AT-2; acupuncture therapy at right LR1, HT9(forward direction), KI10${\cdot}$HT3(opposite direction) inserting to the direction of route of the each meridian. AT3; acupuncture therapy at right LR1, HT9(twirling forward with the thumb of right hand 9 times), KI10${\cdot}$HT3(twirling forward with the forefinger of right hand 6 times) AT-4; acupuncture therapy at right LR1, HT9(forward direction, twirling forward with the thumb of right hand 9 times), KI10${\cdot}$HT3(opposite direction, twirling forward with the forefinger of right hand 6 times) inserting to the direction of route of the each meridian. The anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects of Acupuncture techniques of tonification or sedation at LR1, HT9, KI10${\cdot}$HT3 were observed by Bax, Bcl-2, mGluR5, Cytochrome c, Cresyl violet and ChAT-stain. Results : The intensity of Bax and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio were increased in ACU-2 and ACU-4 group but decreased in ACU-3 group. The intensity of mGluR5 was increased in ACU-1, ACU-2, ACU-3 and ACU-4 group. The intensity of cytochrome c was decreased in ACU-3 and ACU-4 group. The density of neurons stained by Cresyl violet and ChAT were increased in ACU-1, ACU-3 and ACU-4 group. Conclusions : Our study suggests that acupuncture therapy of tonification at LR1, HT9 by twirling forward with the thumb of right hand 9times, sedation at KI10${\cdot}$HT3 by twirling forward with the forefinger of right hand 6 times after perpendicularly inserting needle shows anti-apoptotic and neuroprotective effects on cholinergic neuron in focal cerebral ischemia of the stroke in rats.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.67-81
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• 2005

Objectives : Cervus Elaphus(CE) has been used to medication for ischemic stroke in the Oriental Medicine. So this study was planned to investigate the effects of CE herbal acupuncture therapy(CE-HAT) on the focal ischemia-induced by intraluminal filament insertion in the rats. Materials and methods : The focal ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2hours. The groups divided into 6 groups, normal(intachess group), control(no theray group after ischemia-induced), CE-HAT1(Cervus Elaphus-herbal acupuncture therapy group at LR1, HT9 after ischemia-induced), CE-HAT2(Cervus Elaphus-herbal acupuncture therapy group at LU8, KI7 after ischemia-induced), CE-HAT3(Cervus Elaphus-herbal acupuncture therapy group at LR1, HT9, LU8, KI7 after ischemia-induced), CE-HAT4(Cervus Elaphus-herbal acupuncture therapy group at LR1, HT9, HT3, KI10 after ischemia-induced). CE-HAT was carried out during 3 weeks after focal ischemia-induced. Eight-arm radial maze was used for the behavioral task and neuropretective effect of CE-HAT was observed by Cresyl violet, AchE, ChAT-stain. Results : The error rate in the eight-arm radial maze task was significantly decreased in CE-HAT1, CE-HAT2, CE-HAT4 on 3days, CE-HAT4 on 4days, CE-HAT2, CE-HAT4 on 5days, CE-HAT3, CE-HAT4 on 6days. The rate of correct choice was significantly increased in CE-HAT4. The density of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increased in CE-HAT1, CE-HAT2, CE-HAT3, CE-HAT4, compared to control group. The density of ChAT in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increase in CE-HAT4. The density of ChAT in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increased CE-HAT1. Conrlusions : These results suggest that the Cervus Elaphus-herbal acupuncture therapy could be used as a medication for controlling the stroke induced by deficiency.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.201-218
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Guibi-Tang(GBT) on focal brain ischemic injury induced by intraluminal filament insertion in rats. Methods : The ischemia was induced by intraluminal filament insertion into middle cerebral artery. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups, normal group(n=8); control group was ischemia induced and no treatment(n=8); GBT 1X group was ischemia induced and administrated 42.2 mg/ml/kg of Guibi-Tang orally(n=8); GBT 3X group was ischemia induced and administrated 126.6 mg/ml/kg of Guibi-Tang orally(n=8); GBT 6X group was ischemia induced and administrated 253.2 mg/ml/kg of Guibi-Tang orally(n=8) for 21 days. mGluR5, Bax, Bcl-2 and cytochrome C were investigated to observe the effects of Guibi-Tang on apoptosis. The effects of Guibi-Tang on neuroprotective/apoptotic agents in cresyl violet, choline acetyltranferase(ChAT) with ischemic injury were investigated. Results : The intensity of mGluR5 mRNA in the hippocampal CA1 was increased in normal and GBT(Guibi-Tang) 1X groups compared with the control group. The intensity of Bax mRNA in the hippocampal CA1 was decreased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. However it was increased unexpectedly in GBT 3X group. The intensity of Bcl-2 mRNA in the hippocampal CA1 was increased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. The intensity of Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in the hippocampal CA1 was decreased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. The intensity of cytochrome C protein in the hippocampal CA1 was decreased in normal, GBT 1X and GBT 6X groups compared with the control group. The density of neurons stained by cresyl violet and ChAT was increased in normal and GBT 1X groups compared with the control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that Guibi-Tang may have protective effect on vascular dementia.