• 제목/요약/키워드: Intractable cases

검색결과 165건 처리시간 0.031초

만성 난치성 상부 등 통증에서 초음파 유도 하 흉추 주위 공간 차단술 (Ultrasound Guided Thoracic Paravertebral Space Block for Chronic Intractable Upper Back Pain)

  • 김명상;백민철;조한얼;박중현
    • Clinical Pain
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    • 제20권2호
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    • pp.141-144
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    • 2021
  • There are some cases of myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) with chronic upper back pain that does not respond to dry needling or trigger point injection, well-known treatments for MPS. A 67-year-old female developed a stabbing upper back pain with trigger point at left T7~8 levels 10 years ago. She complained of the pain with Numeral Rating Scale (NRS) 8 points. Myofascial release technique and trigger point injection had no effect. Under ultrasound guidance 20 ml of 1% lidocaine was injected into thoracic paravertebral space. Immediately, the pain was reduced to NRS 4 points. One week later, the second block was performed in the same way as the first, and the pain was reduced to NRS 2 points. The stabbing pain disappeared, and oral opioids were discontinued. Ultrasound guided thoracic paravertebral space block is an effective and safe treatment for refractory MPS with chronic upper back pain.

CNN based data anomaly detection using multi-channel imagery for structural health monitoring

  • Shajihan, Shaik Althaf V.;Wang, Shuo;Zhai, Guanghao;Spencer, Billie F. Jr.
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제29권1호
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    • pp.181-193
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    • 2022
  • Data-driven structural health monitoring (SHM) of civil infrastructure can be used to continuously assess the state of a structure, allowing preemptive safety measures to be carried out. Long-term monitoring of large-scale civil infrastructure often involves data-collection using a network of numerous sensors of various types. Malfunctioning sensors in the network are common, which can disrupt the condition assessment and even lead to false-negative indications of damage. The overwhelming size of the data collected renders manual approaches to ensure data quality intractable. The task of detecting and classifying an anomaly in the raw data is non-trivial. We propose an approach to automate this task, improving upon the previously developed technique of image-based pre-processing on one-dimensional (1D) data by enriching the features of the neural network input data with multiple channels. In particular, feature engineering is employed to convert the measured time histories into a 3-channel image comprised of (i) the time history, (ii) the spectrogram, and (iii) the probability density function representation of the signal. To demonstrate this approach, a CNN model is designed and trained on a dataset consisting of acceleration records of sensors installed on a long-span bridge, with the goal of fault detection and classification. The effect of imbalance in anomaly patterns observed is studied to better account for unseen test cases. The proposed framework achieves high overall accuracy and recall even when tested on an unseen dataset that is much larger than the samples used for training, offering a viable solution for implementation on full-scale structures where limited labeled-training data is available.

폐농양의 경피적 카테타 배농법 (Percutaneous Catheter Drainage of Lung Abscess)

  • 김창호;차승익;한춘덕;김연재;이영석;박재용;정태훈
    • Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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    • 제40권2호
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    • pp.158-164
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    • 1993
  • 연구배경 : 최근에는 폐농양이 기저질환이 있는 환자들에서 많이 발생함에 따라 내과적 치료의 실패율이 증가하고 폐절제술도 시행하기 어려운 경우가 많아 폐농양으로 인한 사망률이 오히려 증가하는 경향이 있으며 또한 거대한 공동의 폐농양 환자에서는 치명적인 합병증이 우려되어 이들에 있어서는 보다 적극적인 치료가 요구되어지고 있다. 저자들은 이러한 환자들에서 경피적 배농을 시행하여 그 치료 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 내과적 치료에 반응이 없거나 치명적인 합병증이 우려되는 거대한 폐농양이 있는 9예를 대상으로 하여 경피적 배농술을 시행하였고 경피적 배농은 8.3F pig-tail 카테타를 투시하여 Seldinger 방법을 이용하여 삽입하였다. 이와 함께 고식적 내과 치료만을 한 폐농양 환자 10예를 대조군으로 하여 치료 효과 및 합병증 등을 비교 검토하였다. 결과 : 고식적인 내과적 치료만을 시행한 군에서는 평균 8.7일에 임상적 호전을 보였으나 카테타 배농을 시행한 군에서는 평균 1.8일에 임상적 호전이 있었다. 그리고 경피적 배농시의 카테타 배농기간은 평균 13.2일이었다. 사망한 예는 대조군에서는 대량 객혈과 농에 의한 질식 그리고 패혈증 등으로 사망한 3예가 있었고 경피적 배농을 실시한 군에서는 간성혼수와 패혈증으로 사망한 2예가 있었다. 경피적 배농술에 따른 폐장 및 흉막 합병증은 없었으며 카테타 폐쇄와 전위 등의 기능부전 2예가 있었다. 결론: 경피적 배농술은 내과적 치료에 효과가 없는 경우와 거대한 폐농양 환자에서 비교적 안전하게 시도될 수 있는 효과적인 치료법이라 생각된다.

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스포츠 손상 후 비골건 봉합술 (Peroneal Tendon Repair in Sports Injury)

  • 양기원;박기철;황지선;이홍섭
    • 대한족부족관절학회지
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    • 제23권3호
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    • pp.100-104
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    • 2019
  • Purpose: This study examined the clinical outcomes and assessed the average time to return to play following a peroneal tendon repair in Korean athletes. Materials and Methods: Between March 2004 and February 2017, a total of 30 athletes underwent peroneal tendon repair for a peroneal tendon tear. The indications of surgical treatment were chronic pain or intractable symptoms after a previous ankle sprain affecting sports activity refractory to conservative treatment for at least six months. The patient underwent tubulization for a longitudinal tendon rupture. Peroneus longus to peroneus brevis tenodesis was performed when tendon repair was impossible due to total rupture or multiple longitudinal rupture. Results: Twenty patients not included in this study were as follows: insufficient follow-up, previous surgery, and additional bone surgery. All 10 patients had a previous ankle sprain history, tenderness and swelling on the retromalleolar area. In the 10 patient population, there were five peroneus brevis tendon tears, three peroneus longus tendon tears, one peroneus longus and brevis tendon tear, and one peroneus brevis and superior peroneal retinaculum tear. In the 10 patients, six cases of peroneal brevis tendon repair and four cases of peroneal longus to brevis tenodesis were performed. The preoperative American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society score was improved from a mean of 60.6 (standard deviation [SD], 8.64) to a mean of 90.2, postoperatively (SD, 4.4; p<0.012). The preoperative visual analogue scale was improved from a mean of 5.43 (SD, 1.2) to 0.5 (SD, 0.16), postoperatively (p<0.023). The mean length of time to return to play was 12.2 weeks (range, 8~16 weeks). Conclusion: Peroneal tendon tear can occur due to sports injuries. If there is tenderness at the retromalleolar area, the surgeon should consider a peroneal tendon lesion. Surgical repair of the peroneal tendon can be an effective treatment to help athletes to return to play.

내장신경차단에 관한 임상적 연구 (A Clinical Evaluation of Splanchnic Nerve Block)

  • 김수연;오흥근;윤덕미;신양식;이윤우;김종래
    • The Korean Journal of Pain
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.34-46
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    • 1988
  • Intractable pain from advanced carcinoma of the upper abdomen is difficult to manage. One method used to control pain associated with these malignancies is to block off the splanchnic nerve. In 1919 Kappis described a technique by which the splanchnic nerve of the upper abdomen could be anesthetized, using a percutaneous injection. This method has been used for the relief of upper abdominal pain due to hematoma and cancer of the pancreas, stomach, gall bladder, bile duct, and colon. During the Period from November 1968 to January 1986, this method was used in 208 cases of malignancy at Severance Hospital and clinically evaluated. Patients were retroactively grouped according to the stage of development of technique used. Twelve patients who received the treatment in the period from November 1968 to March 1977 were designate4i as group 1, 26 patients from April 1977 to April 1979 as group 2, and 170 from May 1979 to January 1986 as group 3. The results are as follows: 1) The number of patients receiving splanchnic nerve block has been increasing since 1977. 2) A total of 208 patients, including 133 males and 75 females, ranging in age from 18 to 84 and averaging 51. 3) The causes of pain were stomach cancer 90, pancreatic cancer 69, and miscellaneous cancer 49 cases respectively. 4) There were 57.7% who had surgery. and 3.7% of whom had chemotherapy before the splanchnic nerve block was done. 5) These blocks were carried out with the patient in the prone position as described by Dr. Moore. For group 2 and 3, C-arm image intensifier was used. In group 1, a 22 gauze loom long needle was inserted at the lower border of the 12th rib on each aide about 7\;cm from the midline. The average distance from the midline was $6.60{\pm}0.61\;cm$ on the left side and $6.60{\pm}0.83\;cm$ on the right side in group 2, and $5.46{\pm}0.76\;cm$ on the left side and $5.49{\pm}0.69\;cm$ on the right side in group 3. The average depth to which the needle was inserted was $8.60{\pm}0.52\;cm$ on the left side and $8.74{\pm}0.60\;cm$ on the right side in group 2, and $8.96{\pm}0.63\;cm$ on the left side and $9.18{\pm}0.57\;cm$ on the right side in group 3. 6) The points of the inserted needles were positioned in the upper quarter anteriorly, 51.8% on the left side and 54.4% n the right side of the L1 vertebra by lateral roentgenogram in group 3. The inserted needle points were located in the upper and anterolateral part, of the L1 vertebra 68.5% on the left side and 60.6won the right side, on the anteroposterior rentgenogram in group 3. The needle tip was not advanced beyond the anterior margin of the vertebral body. 7) In some case of group 3, contrast media was injected before the block was done. It shows, the spread upward along the anterior mal gin of the vertebral body. 8) The concentration and the average amount of drug used in each group was as follows: In group 1, $39.17{\pm}6.69\;ml$ of 0.5% -l% lidocaine or 0.25% bupivacaine were injected for the test block and one to three days after the test block $40.00{\pm}4.26\;ml$ of 50% alcohol was injected for the semipermanent block. In group 2, $13.75{\pm}4.88\;ml$ of 1% lidocaine were used as the test block and followed by $46.17{\pm}4.37\;ml$ of 50% alcohol was injected as the semipermanent block. In group 3, $15.63{\pm}1.19\;ml$ of 1% lidocaine for test block followed by $15.62{\pm}1.20\;ml$ of pure alcohol and $16.05{\pm}2.58\;ml$ of 50% alcohol for semipermanent block were injected. 9) The result of the test block was satisfactory in all cases. However the semipermanent block was 83.3 percent of the patients in group 1 who received relief from pain for at least 2 weeks after the block, 73.1% in group 2, and 91.8% in group 3. In these unsuccessful cases, 2 cases in group 1 were controlled by narcotics but 7 cases in group 2 and 14 cases in group 3 received the same splanchnic nerve block 1 or 2 times again within 2 weeks. But, in some cases it was 3 to i months before the 2nd block and in 1 cases even 7 years. 10) The most common complications of splanchnic nerve block were hypotensino(25.5%) occasional flushing of the face, nausea, vomiting, and chest discomfort. 11) For the patients in group 3, the supplemental block most commonly used was a continuous epidural block; it was used as a diagnostic block and to afford relief from pain before the splanchnic nerve block was done. 12) The interval between the receiving of the alcohol block and discharge was from 5 to 8 days in 61 cases(31.1%) and from 1 to 2 days in 48 cases(24.5%). From the above results, it can be concluded that the splanchnic nerve block done in the prone position with pure and 50% alcohol immediately after an effective test block with 1% lidocaine under C-arm fluoroscopic control is satisfactory and reliable. How to minimize the repeat block is still a problem to be solved.

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유리 견갑 피판 이식술 (Scapular Free Flap)

  • 정덕환;한정수;임창무
    • Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.24-34
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    • 1996
  • There are many kinds of free flaps for management of extensive soft tissue defect of extremities in orthopaedic field. Free vascularized scapular flap is one of the most useful and relatively easy to application. This flap has been utilize clinically from early eighties by many microsurgical pioneers. Authors performed 102 cases of this flap from 1984 to 1995. We have to consider about the surgical anatomy of the flap, technique of the donor harvesting procedures, vascular varieties and anatomical abnormalities and success rate and the weak points of the procedure. This flap nourished by cutaneous branches from circumflex scapular vessels emerges from the lateral aspect of the subscapular artery 2.5-5cm from its lateral origin passing through the triangular space(bounded by subscapularis, teres minor, teres major, long head of triceps). The terminal cutaneous branch runs posteriorly around the lateral border of the scapular and divided into two major branches, those transeverse horizontally and obliquely to the fascial plane of overlying skin of the scapular body. We can utilize these arteries for scapular and parascapular flap. The vascular pedicle ranged from 5 to 10 cm long depends on the dissection, usually two venae comitantes accompanied circumflex scapular artery and its major branches. The diameter of the circumflex scapular artery is more than 1mm in adult, rare vascular variation. Surgical techniques : The scapular flap can be dissected conveniently with prone or lateral decubitus position, prone position is more easier in my experience. There are two kinds of surgical approaches, most of the surgeon prefer elevation of the flap from its outer border towards its base which known easier and quicker, but I prefer elevation of the flap from its outer border because of the lowering the possibilities of damage to vasculature in the flap itself which runs just underneath the subcutaneous tissue of the flap and provide more quicker elevation of the flap with blunt finger dissection after secure pedicle dissection and confirmed the course from the base of the pedicle. There are minimal donor site morbidity with direct skin closure if the flap size is not so larger than 10cm width. This flap has versatility in the design of the flap shape and size, if we need more longer and larger one, we can use parascapular flap or both. Even more, the flap can be used with latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap and serratus anterior flap which have common vascular pedicle from subscapular artery, some instance can combined with osteocutaneous flap if we include the lateral border of the scapular bone or parts of the ribs with serratus anterior. The most important shortcoming of the scapular free flap is non sensating, there are no reasonable sensory nerves to the flap to anastomose with recipient site nerve. Results : Among our 102 cases, overall success rate was 89%, most of the causes of the failure was recipient site vascular problems such as damaged recipient arterial conditions, and there were two cases of vascular anomalies in our series. Patients ages from 3 years old to 62 years old. Six cases of combined flap with latissimus dorsi, 4 cases of osteocutaneous flap for bone reconstruction, 62 parascapular flap was performed - we prefer parascapular flap to scapular. Statistical analysis of the size of the flap has less meaningful because of the flap has great versatility in size. In the length of the pedicle depends on the recipient site condition, we can adjust the pedicle length. The longest vascular pedicle was 14 cm in length from the axillary artery to the enter point cutaneous tissue. In conclusion, scapular free flap is one of the most useful modalities to manage the large intractable soft tissue defect. It has almost constant vascular pedicle with rare anatomical variation, easy to dissect great versatility in size and shape, low donor morbidity, thin and hairless skin.

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복부대동맥류 환자에서의 수술 후 사망의 위험인자 분석 (The Risk Factors Influencing the Postoperative Mortality of the Patients with an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm)

  • 이성광;전희재;박경택;윤영철;한일용;이양행;조광현
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • 제43권6호
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    • pp.655-662
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    • 2010
  • 배경: 최근에 경피적 대동맥 스텐트 삽입술의 비약적인 발전으로 외과적 수술이 감소하고는 있으나, 여전히 근치를 위한 치료로 인정되고 있다. 저자들은 지난 6년 8개월간 시행한 복부 대동맥류의 수술성적 및 그 예후에 미치는 영향인자에 대해 분석하여 보았다. 대상 및 방법: 2001년 5월부터 2005년 6월까지, 2007년 4월부터 2009년 11월까지 복부 대동맥류로 수술 받은 환자 36명을 대상으로 하였다. 수술의 적응은 파열, 60 mm 이상의 최대직경, 내과적으로 조절 안되는 고혈압이나 통증이 있는 경우 등이었다. 결과: 환자들의 평균 나이는 $69.67{\pm}6.97$세 (57~84세)였고, 남자가 32명(89.2%), 여자가 4명 (10.8%)이었다 신동맥 하부부터 장골동맥 위까지 진행된 경우는 8명(22.2%), 장골동맥까지 진행된 경우는 28명(77.8%)이었다. 진단 당시 대동맥이 파열되어 있었던 환자들은 13명(36.l%)이었다. 대동맥의 평균 최대직경은 $73.7{\pm}13.3 mm$ (60~100 mm)였다. 수술은 대부분 정중 복부절개를 통한 복강 내 접근으로 시행하였고, 응급수술은 10명의 환자(27.8%)에서 시행하였다. 전체 환자 중 3명이 사망하여 전체 사망률은 8.3%였고, 파열된 환자의 사망률은 23.1%, 파열되지 않은 환자의 사망률은 0%였다. 수술 후 합병증으로는 창상감염 3예, 패혈증 2예, 신부전 2예, 폐렴 1예씩 있었다. 사망에 영향을 주는 인자로는 수술 전 불안정한 활력징후 수혈, 또는 실신이 있었던 경우, 과거력 상 당뇨병이 있는 경우, 동맥류가 파열된 경우와 응급수술 등이 있으며, 합병증 중 패혈증, 신부전이 발생한 경우와 술중 심폐소생술을 시행한 경우가 통계적으로 의미 있었다(p<0.05). 결론: 파열된 복부대동맥류에 대한 응급수술은 여전히 높은 사망률을 보이나, 파열되지 않은 복부대동맥류의 수술은 비교적 안전하게 진행할 수 있다. 비록 경피적 대동맥 스탠트 삽입술이 최근의 치료 경향이나 파열되지 않은 동맥류의 계획된 수술은 시술과 관련된 부작용이나 반복된 검사의 불편함을 줄이고 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.

Foot Reconstruction by Reverse Island Medial Plantar Flap Based on the Lateral Plantar Vessel

  • Moon, Min-Cheol;Oh, Suk-Joon;Cha, Jeong-Ho;Kim, Yoo-Jeong;Koh, Sung-Hoon
    • Archives of Plastic Surgery
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    • 제37권2호
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    • pp.137-142
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    • 2010
  • Purpose: Tumor ablation and traumatic intractable ulceration of the plantar surface of the foot results in skin and soft tissue defects of the weight-bearing sole. Simple skin grafting is not sufficient for reconstruction of the weight-bearing areas. Instead, the island medial plantar flap (instep flap) and distally-based island medial plantar flap was used for proper reconstruction of the weight bearing area. However, there are some disadvantages. In particular, an island medial plantar flap has a short pedicle limiting the mobility of the flap and the distally-based island medial plantar flap is based on a very small vessel. We investigated whether good results could be obtained using a reverse island medial plantar flap based on the lateral plantar vessel as a solution to the above limitations. Methods: Three patients with malignant melanoma were cared for in our tertiary hospital. The tumors involved the lateral forefoot, the postero-lateral heel, and the medial forefoot area. We designed and harvested the flap from the medial plantar area, dissected the lateral and medial plantar artery and vena comitans, and clamped and cut the vessel 1 cm proximal to the branch from the posterior tibial artery and vena comitans. The medial plantar nerve fascicles of these flaps anastomosed to the sural nerve, the 5th interdigital nerve, and the 1st interdigital nerve of each lesion. The donor sites were covered with skin grafting. Results: The mean age of the 3 subjects was 64.7 years (range, 57 - 70 years). Histologically, all cases were lentiginous malignant melanomas. The average size of the lesion was $5.3\;cm^2$. The average size of the flap was $33.1\;cm^2$. The flap color and circulation were intact during the early postoperative period. There was no evidence of flap necrosis, hematomas or infection. All patients had a normal gait after the surgery. Sensory return progressively improved. Conclusion: Use of an island medial plantar flap based on the lateral plantar vessel to the variable weight-bearing sole is a simple but useful procedure for the reconstruction of any difficult lesion of the weight-bearing sole.

양한방 복합투여로 장기간 생존을 보인 폐암 환자 2례 (Long-Term Survival of Patients with Lung Cancer Treated by Traditional Korean Medicine Combined with Western Treatment: Report of Two Cases)

  • 강지영;김준영;손창규;조정효
    • 대한한방내과학회지
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    • 제36권1호
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    • pp.58-68
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    • 2015
  • 목 적: 소세포 폐암 및 전이성 폐암은 폐암 중에서도 가장 예후가 불량하고 생존율도 상대적으로 낮은 암으로 알려져 있다. 난치성 폐암 환자에 대해 한방치료가 생존 기간 연장 및 삶의 질 관리면에 있어서 효과가 있음을 보여주고자 한다. 연구방법 및 대상: 본원에서 입원 및 통원치료를 병행한 소세포폐암 환자 1명과 원발성 간암에서 폐로 전이된 전이성 폐암 환자 1명에 대하여 한방치료의 효과 및 임상경과를 후향적으로 조사하였다. 치료기간은 각각 2000년 1월-2009년 12월과 2004년 9월-2014년 2월이었으며 한약치료는 평균 1개월 간격으로 행해졌으며 입원기간 동안에는 한약치료를 포함한 침구치료를 추가로 시행하였다. 치료효과 및 경과 판정을 위해 흉부 방사선 검사 및 혈액검사를 평균 1개월 간격으로 시행하였으며 내원시마다 환자의 증상 및 상태를 확인하였다. 결 과: 2명의 폐암 환자 모두 꾸준한 한방치료를 받으며 진단시점부터 9년 이상의 상당히 오랜 기간 동안 비교적 좋은 삶의 질을 유지하면서 종양으로 인한 임상경과 또한 완만하게 진행이 되었다. 결 론: 본 증례는 한방치료가 불응성 폐암 환자에 대해 삶의 질을 양호하게 유지하고 증상 조절 및 종양의 진행양상을 완화시켜 주며 나아가 생존기간 연장에도 효과가 있음을 보여준다.

혈중 아연 농도는 정상이나 모발 검사에서는 감소된 아연 농도를 보인 일과성 장병성 선단 피부염 1례 (A case of acquired acrodermatitis enteropathica with a normal serum zinc level but a low level in the hair)

  • 오경일;김정희;이지은;임대현;손병관
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • 제50권2호
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    • pp.209-212
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    • 2007
  • 장병성 선단 피부염은 위장관에서 아연 흡수가 제대로 되지 않아 발생하는 질환으로서 주로 이유기의 영 유아에 호발하고 상염색체 열성 유전하는 질환이다. 홍반, 인설, 가피, 건선양 피부와 습진의 특징적인 피부 병변이 개구부와 사지 말단 부위에 대칭적으로 나타나고, 만성 설사, 탈모증, 조갑 주위염, 그리고 성장 장애가 나타나는 드문 질환이다. 혈중 아연 농도가 대부분에서 떨어져 있지만 정상 혈중 농도에서도 말초 조직 내의 아연 농도가 떨어지면 증상이 나타난다. 다른 원인 질환이 없고 만삭으로 정상 분만한 모유 수유 영아에서 조직학적으로 일치하며, 혈중 아연 농도는 정상이지만 모발에서 아연 농도가 떨어진 장병성 선단 피부염 증례를 경험하였기에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다.