• Title/Summary/Keyword: Intima-media thickness

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The fruit of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms improves arterial stiffness and blood pressure: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

  • Oh, Eunkyoung;Kim, Youjin;Park, Soo-yeon;Lim, Yeni;Shin, Ji-yoon;Kim, Ji Yeon;Kim, Ji-Hyun;Rhee, Moo-Yong;Kwon, Oran
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • v.14 no.4
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    • pp.322-333
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    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Arterial stiffness and endothelial dysfunction are 2 of the independent predictors for cardiovascular disease, while Acanthopanax senticosus Harms (ASH) is a traditional medicinal plant that can improve cardiovascular health. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of the fruit of ASH on vascular function in apparently healthy subjects. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design, consisting of healthy adults with at least 2 of the following 3 conditions: borderline high blood pressure (BP; 120 mmHg ≤ systolic BP ≤ 160 mmHg or 80 mmHg ≤ diastolic BP ≤ 100 mmHg), smoking (≥10 cigarettes/day), and borderline blood lipid levels (220 ≤ total cholesterol ≤ 240, 130 ≤ low density lipoprotein cholesterol ≤ 165, or 150 ≤ triglyceride ≤ 220 mg/dL). Randomly assigned 76 subjects who received a placebo or 2 doses of ASH fruit (low, 500 mg/day; high, 1,000 mg/day) completed the intervention. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), flow-mediated dilation, carotid intima-media thickness, and BP were measured both at baseline and following the 12-week intervention. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation was assessed by western blotting. RESULTS: Compared with the placebo group, the low-dose group showed more significant changes after the 12-week intervention period in terms of systolic BP (0.1 vs. -7.7 mmHg; P = 0.044), baPWV (31.3 vs. -98.7 cm/s; P = 0.007), and the ratio of phospho-eNOS/eNOS (0.8 vs. 1.22; P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that ASH fruit extract at 500 mg/day has the potential to improve BP and arterial stiffness via endothelial eNOS activation in healthy adults with smoking and the tendency of having elevated BP or blood lipid parameters.

Management of Diabetic Mellitus in Low-income Rural Patients (일개 농촌지역 저소득층 당뇨병환자의 관리 상태)

  • Kim, Hye-Yeon;Yun, Woo-Jun;Shin, Min-Ho;Kweon, Sun-Seong;Ahn, Hye-Ran;Choi, Seong-Woo;Lee, Young-Hoon;Cho, Dong-Hyeok;Rhee, Jung-Ae
    • Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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    • v.42 no.5
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    • pp.315-322
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    • 2009
  • Objectives : Knowledge about the management status of diabetic melitus (DM) is essential to improve diabetic management. Moreover, low income is associated with poor adherence to treatment and increased mortality. This study was performed to evaluate the management status of DM in low-income patients in a rural area. Methods : We enrolled 370 patients with type 2 DM living in Gokseong county, JeollaNamdo. A well-trained examiner measured the height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. Carotid ultrasonography was used to measure carotid artery carotid artery intima media thickness (IMT) and plaque. anklebrachial index (ABI) was used to evaluate peripheral artery disease. A fundoscopic examination was performed to evaluate diabetic retinopathy. A history of diabetes complications and health-related questionnaires were also completed. Results : The age of diabetic subjects was 68.7$\pm$8.7 years and the duration of diabetes was 8.9$\pm$8.2 years. Most (63.5%) had hypertension, and 45.7% had triglycerides below 150 mg/dl, 38.1% had low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) cholesterol below 100 mg/dl, 48.7% had urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) below 30 mg/g. Less than half (45.9%) achieved the goal of HbA1c less than 7% suggested by the American Diabetes Association (ADA). 10.6% had peripheral vascular disease, 11.9% had retinopathy, and 60.8% had chronic kidney disease. Conclusions : DM management in low income patients is very poor and requires further work to improve.

Inhibitory Effect of Combination with Korean Red Gnseng and Morus Alba in High Fructose-induced Vascular Inflammation and Steatohepatitis (고과당식이 투여 랫드모델에서 홍삼과 상엽 복합투여에 대한 혈관염증 및 지방간염 억제 효과)

  • Lee, Yun Jung;Yoon, Jung Joo;Lee, So Min;Kho, Min Chul;Kim, Hye Yoom;Ahn, You Mee;Kho, Joung Hyun;Lee, Kee Byoung;Lee, Ho Sub;Choi, Kyung Min;Kwon, Tae Oh;Kang, Dae Gill
    • Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.724-731
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    • 2012
  • This study was designed to elucidate whether combination with Korean red ginseng and Morus alba L. (MPM), traditional treatment for diabetes, ameliorates on high fructose-induced steatohepatitis and vascular inflammation. Animals were divided into four groups; Control receiving tap water, fructose-fed, rosiglitazone-treated fructose-fed rats, and MPM-treated fructose-fed rats both receiving supplemented with 60% fructose (n=10). The MPM or rosiglitazone groups initially received a high-fructose diet alone for 8 weeks, with supplementation with MPM or rosiglitazone, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma ($PPAR{\gamma}$) agonist, occurring during the final 6 weeks. Treatment with MPM significantly prevented the increase in c-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the high fructose group. MPM suppressed high fructose diet-induced vascular inflammation marker expression such as intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and E-selectin. MPM also reduced intima/media thickness of thoracic aorta. Histologic observation and oil red O staining demonstrated hepatic tissue damage and lipid accumulation were severe in high fructose group. Treatment with MPM ameliorated hepatic tissue morphology with minimized steatosis. In addition, MPM attenuated hepatitis by inhibition of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) expression. MPM-fed group showed lower serum GOT and GPT levels comparing with high fructose group. MPM and rosiglitazone (positive control) significantly decreased the size of epididymal adipocytes. Taken together, the administration of MPM inhibited high fructose-induced steatohepatitis and vascular inflammation. These results suggested that MPM is useful in the prevention or treatment of metabolic syndrome-related disorders such as fatty acid metabolism and vascular homeostasis.

Analysis of the Relationship between Fatty Pancreas and Cardiovascular Disease in Abdominal Ultrasonography (복부초음파검사에서 지방췌장증과 심혈관계질환과의 연관성 분석)

  • Cho, Jin-young;Ye, Soo-young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.729-737
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    • 2019
  • Fatty pancreas is an abnormal process of lipid deposition in cells, resulting in increased fat tissue and obesity. The result is a risk factor for cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of pancreatic fat as a predictor of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome in pancreatic ultrasonography. In 407 patients who underwent a comprehensive screening at the W Health Care Center in Busan from September 2. 2018 to December 31, 2018, the degree of fat deposition in the pancreas was evaluated as the degree of mild, moderate. Data on non-obstructive atherosclerosis, BMI, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes were collected to assess the association of pancreatic fat deposition with cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. In addition, we tried to analyze the correlation between liver dysfunction and thyroid dysfunction as the degree of fat pancreas increased. We examined the relationship between six parameters including atherosclerosis, BMI, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, liver dysfunction, and thyroid dysfunction among patients with fatty pancreas. We concluded that the carotid intima-media thickness of atherosclerosis, which is a risk factor of cardiovascular disease, is most closely related to fatty pancreas.

A study of the development of macrovascular complications and factors related to these complications in young adults with childhood/adolescence-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (소아청소년기에 1형 당뇨병으로 진단된 젊은 성인에서 대혈관 합병증의 발생과 이에 연관된 인자에 대한 연구)

  • Kang, Min Jae;Kim, Joo Hwa;Chung, Hye Rim;Lee, Young Ah;Shin, Choong Ho;Yang, Sei Won;Kim, You Yeh;Jin, Seon Mi;Noh, Chung Il
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.52 no.2
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    • pp.220-226
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    • 2009
  • Purpose : Macrovascular complications are the main cause of mortality in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The purpose of this study was to clarify the presence of early vascular changes and to assess the risk factors of macrovascular complications in young adults with T1DM diagnosed in childhood and adolescence. Methods : Seventy-two patients ($23.9{\pm}2.4$ years) with T1DM diagnosed before 18 years of age and twenty normal controls were included. The incidence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and other risk factors of macrovascular complication were reviewed. Flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) and mean intima-media thickness (IMT) measured by ultrasound were compared between patients and control subjects, and their correlations with macrovascular risk factors were analyzed. Results : Of the 72 patients, 32 (44.4%) had hypertension. The proportions of maleness (P=0.03) and mean body mass index (P=0.04) were higher in the hypertensive patients than in normotensive patients. Thirty-one (N=69, 44.9%) patients had dyslipidemia and LDL-cholesterol was positively correlated with mean HbA1c (r=0.32, P=0.008) and total daily insulin dose (r=0.27, P=0.02). The mean IMT was significantly higher in patients than in control subjects ($0.43{\pm}0.06$ mm vs $0.39{\pm}0.06$ mm, P=0.03). There was no difference in the value of FMD between patients and controls, but the duration of the disease after pubertal onset was negatively correlated with FMD (r=-0.34, P=0.01). Conclusion : Hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclerotic vascular change were observed in young adults with T1DM diagnosed during childhood and adolescence; this strongly suggests that meticulous screening of macrovascular complications and control of their risk factors should be conducted.

Angiotensinogen gene M235T polymorphism as a predictor of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive adolescents (고혈압 청소년의 심혈관계 위험요소로서 Angiotensinogen M235T 유전자 다형)

  • Gil, Joo Hyun;Lee, Jung Ah;Park, Eun Young;Hong, Young Mi
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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    • v.52 no.1
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    • pp.36-43
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    • 2009
  • urpose : The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been demonstrated to play a major role in regulating blood pressure. Therefore, components of the RAS are likely candidate genes that may predispose an individual to essential hypertension and cardiovascular complications. Among them, the M235T polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene has been speculated to be associated with elevated circulating angiotensinogen concentrations and essential hypertension. This study aimed to analyze the angiotensinogen M235T polymorphism in hypertensive adolescents and investigate its relationship with cardiovascular risks. Methods : Forty Korean hypertensive adolescents (aged 16-17, systolic $BP{\geq}140 mmHg$ and/or diastolic $BP{\geq}90 mmHg$) and fifty seven normal adolescents were included. Obesity index (OI), body mass index (BMI) were calculated. BP was measured by oscillometric methods in resting state. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was performed on DNA from the hypertensives subjects to analyze the M235T polymorphism. Serum homocysteine, insulin, renin, aldosterone and angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were tested according to each genotype. The carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and carotid artery diameter, Pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ankle-brachial index (ABI) were measured according to each genotype. Results : Genotype frequencies of T/T, M/T and M/M were 62.5%, 35.0%, 2.5%, respectively in hypertensive adolescents. The results were not significantly different compared to control group. Serum insulin, renin levels, BMI and OI were significantly higher in thoses with the M/M genotype as compared to those with the T/T of M/T genotype. Conclusion : This study showed that the M235T polymorphism was not associated with essential hypertension or any cardiovascular risks. Further clinical research is required to ascertain the relationship between this polymorphism and cardiovascular complications in Korean hypertensive adolescents.