• 제목/요약/키워드: Intestine, large

검색결과 423건 처리시간 0.025초

소음스트레스에 의한 산난계의 피해상황 연구 (The effect of sound stress on laying hen performance)

  • 신창호;한귀섭;박현기;이용범
    • 한국동물위생학회지
    • /
    • 제23권3호
    • /
    • pp.263-269
    • /
    • 2000
  • This study was carried out to set a standard of damage compensation by researching state of damage due to noises in laying and prelaying hens. Recently, there are many damage cases in chicken farms near construction site that were caused by noises of construction. Therefore disputes and complaints about economical loss have increased ceaselessly. But we have few research and report such a thing. The result have shown that the weight loss rate was ranged from 9.48% to 23.2% and mortality of laying period of hens was higher than prelaying period. Pathological findings were fatty liver, congestion and hemorrhage of intestine, erosion of proventriculus and gizzard in order of case frequency. And these signs in hens of laying period was more serious than prelaying period. Half-life rate of antibody titers against Newcastle disease and infectious bronchitis in sound stressed hens was no different compared with non-stressed hens. Egg production rate dropped from 38% to 45% according to strength of noises. Before being stressed, hens produced special, large, middle, small-size eggs in the order. But after being stressed, their egg Production rate of middle, small-size Increased while egg production rate of special, large-size decreased. Production rate of soft and broken shell eggs was 0.015% in the stressed flocks higher than 0.005% in the non-stressed flocks.

  • PDF

Dietary Fiber Reduces Benzo[a]pyrene Hydroxylase Induced by Dietary Benzo[a]pyrene

  • Kwon, Chong-Suk;Jang, Hyun-Sook
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
    • /
    • 제3권2호
    • /
    • pp.193-197
    • /
    • 1998
  • This study was conducted to determine if dietary fiber would reduce exposure of the tissues to dietary benzo[a]pyrene(BP) , a well-known carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, as evaluated by benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase (BPH) activity. The effects of three different sources of dietary fiber(pectin, polydextrose, and clellulose) on BPH activity were studied using Sprague-Dawley rats. In this study, male rats were fed a fiber-free purified diet for 7 days, whereupon they were switched to experimentla diets for 48h. After 48h, their liver, stomach , small intestinal mucosa and large intestinal mucosa were assayed for BPH activity. Thissues exposed to benzo[a]pyrene(400mg/kg diet, fiber-free) showed significant increse in the activity of BPH ; 27 times in liver, 7 times in stomach, 18 times in small intestinal mucosa and 3 times in large intestine. The inhibition in BP -induced BPH activity by dietary fiber in liver, stomach and small intestinal mucosa was observed in the decreasing order : 10 % perctin > 10% polydextrose >5 % polydextrose > 10% cellulose. Decreased BPH induction indicates that soluble dietry fibers, especially pectin and polydextrose in this study, protect the tissues of digestive system from exposure to BP.

  • PDF

Use of Prebiotics, Probiotics and Synbiotics in Clinical Immunonutrition

  • Bengmark, Stig
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
    • /
    • 제7권3호
    • /
    • pp.332-345
    • /
    • 2002
  • It is a recent observation that about 80 per cent of the body's immune system is localized in the gastrointestinal tract. This explains to a large extent why eating right is important for the modulation the immune response and prevention of disease. In addition it is increasingly recognized that the body has an important digestive system also in the lower gastrointestinal tract where numerous important substances are released by microbial enzymes and absorbed. Among these substances are short chain fatty acids, amino acids, various carbohydrates, poly-amines, growth factors, coagulation factors, and many thousands of antioxidants, not only traditional vitamins but numerous flavonoids, carotenoids and similar plant- and vegetable produced antioxidants. Also consumption of health-promoting bacteria (probiotics) and vegetable fibres (prebiotics) from numerous sources are known to have strong health-promoting influence. It has been calculated that the intestine harbours about 300,000 genes, which is much more than the calculated about 60,000 for the rest of the human body, indicating a till today totally unexpected metabolic activity in this part of the GI tract. There are seemingly several times more active enzymes in the intestine than in the rest of the body, ready to release hundred thousand or more of substances important for our health and well-being. In addition do the microbial cells produce signal molecules similar to cytokines but called bacteriokines and nitric oxide, with provide modulatory effects both on the mucosal cells, the mucosa- associated lymphoid system (MALT) and the rest of the immune system. Identification of various fermentation products, and often referred to as synbiotics, studies of their role in maintaining health and well-being should be a priority issue during the years to come.

감정에 따른 얼굴 표정변화와 12경락(經絡) 흐름의 상관성 연구 (Study on the Relationship Between 12Meridians Flow and Facial Expressions by Emotion)

  • 박유진;문주호;최수진;신선미;김기태;고흥
    • 동의생리병리학회지
    • /
    • 제26권2호
    • /
    • pp.253-258
    • /
    • 2012
  • Facial expression was an important communication methods. In oriental medicine, according to the emotion the face has changed shape and difference occurs in physiology and pathology. To verify such a theory, we studied the correlation between emotional facial expressions and meridian and collateral flow. The facial region divided by meridian, outer brow was Gallbladder meridian, inner brow was Bladder meridian, medial canthus was Bladder meridian, lateral canthus was Gallbladder meridian, upper eyelid was Bladder meridian, lower eyelid was Stomach meridian, central cheeks was Stomach meridian, lateral cheeks was Small intestine meridian, upper and lower lips, lip corner, chin were Small and Large intestine meridian. Meridian and collateral associated with happiness was six. This proves happiness is a high importance on facial expression. Meridian and collateral associated with anger was five. Meridian and Collateral associated with fear and sadness was four. This shows fear and sadness are a low importance on facial expression than different emotion. Based on yang meridian which originally descending flow in the body, the ratio of anterograde and retrograde were happiness 3:4, angry 2:5, sadness 5:3, fear 4:1. Based on face of the meridian flow, the ratio of anterograde and retrograde were happiness 5:2, angry 3:4, sadness 3:5, fear 4:1. We found out that practical meridian and collateral flow change by emotion does not correspond to the expected meridian and collateral flow change by emotion.

Zinc and Zinc Related Enzymes in Precancerous and Cancerous Tissue in the Colon of Dimethyl Hydrazine Treated Rats

  • Christudoss, Pamela;Selvakumar, R.;Pulimood, Anna B.;Fleming, Jude Joseph;Mathew, George
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • 제13권2호
    • /
    • pp.487-492
    • /
    • 2012
  • Trace element zinc deficiency or excess is implicated in the development or progression of some cancers. The exact role of zinc in the etiology of colon cancer is unclear. To cast light on this question, an experimental model of colon carcinogenesis was applied here. Six week old rats were given sub cutaneous injections of DMH (30 mg/kg body weight) twice a week for three months and sacrificed after 4 months (precancer model) and 6 months (cancer model). Plasma zinc levels showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) at 4 months and a greater significant decrease at 6 months (p<0.01) as compared with controls. In the large intestine there was a significant decrease in tissue zinc levels (p<0.005) and in CuZnSOD, and alkaline phosphatase activity (p<0.05) in the pre-cancerous model and a greater significant decrease in tissue zinc (p<0.0001), and in CuZnSOD and alkaline phosphatase activity (p<0.001), in the carcinoma model. The tissue zinc levels showed a significant decrease in the small intestine and stomach (p<0.005) and in liver (p<0.05) in the cancer model. 87% of the rats in the precancer group and 92% rats in the cancer group showed histological evidence of precancerous lesions and carcinomas respectively in the colon mucosa. This study suggests that the decrease in plasma zinc, tissue zinc and activity of zinc related enzymes are associated with the development of preneoplastic lesions and these biochemical parameters further decrease with progression to carcinoma in the colon.

A review of Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) and human infections in the Republic of Korea

  • Lee, Soon-Hyung;Chai, Jong-Yil
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
    • /
    • 제39권2호
    • /
    • pp.85-118
    • /
    • 2001
  • Studies on Gymnophalloides seoi (Digenea: Gymnophallidae) and human infections are briefly reviewed. This minute intestinal fluke was first discovered from a Korean woman suffering from acute pancreatitis and gastrointestinal troubles. It was described as a new species by Lee, Chai and Hong in 1993. The southwestern coastal village where the patient resided was found to be a highly endemic area, and additional endemic areas have been identified. The parasite is very small, 0.33-0.50 mm long and 0.23-0.33 mm wide. and characterized by the presence of a ventral pit. The first intermediate host remains unknown, but the second intermediate host has been found to be the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Man and the Palearctic oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus have been shown to be natural definitive hosts , and wading birds including the Dentish plover Charadrius alexandrinus are highly susceptible to experimental infection. Gerbils, hamsters, cats, and several strains of mice were also susceptible laboratory hosts. In experimentally infected mice, the parasites inhabit the small intestine, pinching and sucking the root of villi with their large oral suckers, but they did not invade beyond the mucosa in immunocompetent mice. However, they were found to invade the submucosa in immunosuppressed mice. Human G. seoi infections have been found in at least 25 localities; 23 islands on the Yellow Sea or the South Sea, and 2 western coastal villages. The highest Prevalence was found in a village on Aphaedo. Shinan-fun (49% e99 Positive rate) : other areas showed 0.8-25.3% prevalence. Infected people complained of variable degrees of gastrointestinal troubles and indigestion. The infection can be diagnosed by recovery of eggs in the feces; however, an expert is needed to identify the eggs. Praziquantel, 10mg/kg in single dose, is effective for treatment of human infections. Eating raw oysters in endemic areas should be avoided.

  • PDF

흑염소에서의 요네병 발생 증례 (Case report of Johne's disease in Korean black goat (Capra hircus aegagrus))

  • 류문영;정지열;이경현;허지웅;배유찬;이현경;백강현;이보람;진영화;김재명;이명헌;윤순식
    • 대한수의학회지
    • /
    • 제53권4호
    • /
    • pp.273-276
    • /
    • 2013
  • Two Korean black goat (approx. 2 and 3 years old) showing diarrhea and chronic weight loss were submitted to Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency. At necropsy, there were thickening of small intestine and enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes. Microscopically, they had granulomatous enteritis in the small and large intestine and granulomatous lymphadenitis. By polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and acid fast stain, strong positive reaction and acid-fast rod bacteria were detected. According to the result of histopathology and PCR, we confirmed this case as Johne's disease. As far as we know, this is the first report of Johne's disease in Korean black goat.

뇌성마비의 침자(鍼刺) 치료에 대한 문헌적 고찰 -최근 중의잡지를 중심으로- (A Literature Study on Acupuncture for Cerebral Palsy -Based on the Current Traditional Chinese Medical Journals-)

  • 하수연;민상연;김장현
    • 대한한방소아과학회지
    • /
    • 제23권1호
    • /
    • pp.205-228
    • /
    • 2009
  • Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate the current acupuncture therapy of cerebral palsy. Methods We investigated the Chinese clinical papers which were published in the last 10 years(from 1999 to 2008). We found these papers from the oriental medical library in university and we also used the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) through the internet and selected 32 papers for analyzing. Results Most papers were described the effect of acupuncture or acupoint-injection. This is more effective way to treat than the general rehabilitation treatment such as the physical therapy, the occupational therapy, and the speech therapy. Acupuncture or acupoint-injection has overall $80{\sim}100%$ of rehabilitation rate. The younger the children were, the longer the treatment period was, and the more successful in treatment. The acupuncture was often used with the general acupuncture and scalp acupuncture. Commonly used major acupuncture points were sishencong(四神聰), bohui(百會), zusanli(足三里), yundongqu(運動區), pinghengqu(平衡區), quchi(曲池), and sanyinjiao(三陰交). Commonly used main meridian pathways were bladder, governor vessel, gallbladder, large intestine, stomach, small intestine meridian. Head is the common site for acupuncture. The main acupoint-injection points were zusanli(足三里), dazhui(大椎), shenshu(腎兪), yamen(啞門), neiguan(內關), and fengchi(風池). For the injection, brain activator, ganglioside M1, cerebroprotein hydrolysate, cytidine diphosphate choline, Vit B1, Vit B12, the salviae root, the safflower were commonly used. Conclusions Acupuncture and acupoint-injection have been shown as an effective treatment on cerebral palsy. The acupuncture was used often the general acupuncture and scalp acupuncture all together. Commonly used main acupuncture points were sishencong, bohui, zusanli, yundongqu, pinghengqu, quchi, sanyinjiao.

  • PDF

Bioavailability of Iron-fortified Whey Protein Concentrate in Iron-deficient Rats

  • Nakano, Tomoki;Goto, Tomomi;Nakaji, Tarushige;Aoki, Takayoshi
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제20권7호
    • /
    • pp.1120-1126
    • /
    • 2007
  • An iron-fortified whey protein concentrate (Fe-WPC) was prepared by addition of ferric chloride to concentrated whey. A large part of the iron in the Fe-WPC existed as complexes with proteins such as ${\beta}$-lactoglobulin. The bioavailability of iron from Fe-WPC was evaluated using iron-deficient rats, in comparison with heme iron. Rats were separated into a control group and an iron-deficiency group. Rats in the control group were given the standard diet containing ferrous sulfate as the source of iron throughout the experimental feeding period. Rats in the iron-deficiency group were made anemic by feeding on an Fe-deficient diet without any added iron for 3 wk. After the iron-deficiency period, the iron-deficiency group was separated into an Fe-WPC group and a heme iron group fed Fe-WPC and hemin as the sole source of iron, respectively. The hemoglobin content, iron content in liver, hemoglobin regeneration efficiency (HRE) and apparent iron absorption rate were examined when iron-deficient rats were fed either Fe-WPC or hemin as the sole source of iron for 20 d. Hemoglobin content was significantly higher in the rats fed the Fe-WPC diet than in rats fed the hemin diet. HRE in rats fed the Fe-WPC diet was significantly higher than in rats fed the hemin diet. The apparent iron absorption rate in rats fed the Fe-WPC diet tended to be higher than in rats fed the hemin diet (p = 0.054). The solubility of iron in the small intestine of rats at 2.5 h after ingestion of the Fe-WPC diet was approximately twice that of rats fed the hemin diet. These results indicated that the iron bioavailability of Fe-WPC was higher than that of hemin, which seemed due, in part, to the different iron solubility in the intestine.

"삼지선(三指禪)" 권일(卷一)을 통(通)한 주학정(周學霆)의 의학사상(醫學思想)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究)

  • 박현국;김기욱
    • 대한한의학원전학회지
    • /
    • 제13권2호
    • /
    • pp.86-95
    • /
    • 2000
  • Following is the result through translating. studying, and analyzing San Zhi Shan(三指禪), the book worked by Zhou Xue Ting(周學霆). 1. The chapter of Mai Xue Yuan Liu(脈學源流) explains the Xiang Shu Xue(象數學) viewpoint, the part that pulse is based on Lu guan(律管). 2. The chapter of Liu Bu Mai Jie(六部脈解) explains that emphasizing Shen(神) through understanding the shape of pulse(脈象) is more important than the locating the area of the shape of pulse(脈象). 3. The chapter of Zuo Xin Tan Zhong Can Dan Shen Xiao Chang You Fei Xiang Zhong Pi Wei Ming Da Chang Bian(左心膽中肝膽腎小腸 右肺胸中脾胃命大腸辨) exhibits the different view about the position of pulse from Li Shi Zhen(李時珍)'s. the chapter in which Zhou(周) arranges Heart{\cdot}Small\;Intestine{\cdot}Liver{\cdot}Gall\;Bladder{\cdot}Kidneys{\cdot}and$ Bladcler(心 小腸 肝 膽 腎 膀胱) in left hand and $Lungs{\cdot}Large{\cdot}Intestine{\cdot}Spleen{\cdot}Stomach{\cdot}Kidney{\cdot}and$ The gate of Vitality(肺 大腸 脾 胃 腎 命門) in right hand. From the above results, I'm sure that San Zhi Shan(三指禪)which has headed down to descendants as the special book about the study of pulse has developed the theory of pulse. Therefore I expect that the more profound study about this will be going on.

  • PDF