• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
• /
• 제21권7호
• /
• pp.650-659
• /
• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 참다래(키위)로 만든 제품의 장 기능 및 변비 개선에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 연구 참여자는 21명으로 주관적 변비 증상을 호소하는 자로서 기저질환을 가지고 있지 않은 일반인이었다. 연구 설계는 사전 실험설계이며 참다래(키위)를 복용하고 이에 대한 주효과인 대장 정체 점수와 대장 통과 시간을 측정한다. 부효과는 주관적 변비 사정검사를 측정하여 개인적으로 변비 개선 정도를 분석하였다. 연구결과는 주효과에 있어 변비군의 숫자가 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하였으며, 대장 정체 점수 및 대장 통과 시간이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 연구 참여자들의 주관적 변비 사정검사 결과 참다래(키위)제품 섭취 전후 주관적 변비 사정검사에서 통계적으로 유의하게 장 기능 및 배변 활동의 개선을 나타내었다. 참다래(키위)제품이 기존에 알려진 다시마 및 유산균, 섬유질 제품과 유사하게 장 기능 활성화 및 변비 개선에 통계적으로 유의하게 효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어 본 연구에서 사용한 참다래(키위)가 기능성 식품이 아니며, 접근성이 용이한 과일이라는 장점으로 인해 본 연구의 결과는 향후 배변 활동 도움에 되는 건강식품 콘텐츠 개발에 긍정적 정보를 제공할 것으로 보인다. 하지만 본 연구는 사전 실험설계로서의 한계를 가진다. 이에 향후 무작위 실험군 대조군 연구를 제안하는 바이다.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.73-80
• /
• 2008

The objective of the present study was to assess the antipsychotic and antidiarrhoeal activities of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia in mice and rats. The antipsychotic activity of ethanolic extract of roots of Rubia cordifolia (ERC) was evaluated by observing its effect on amphetamineinduced stereotyped behavior in mice. Effect of ERC was also studied on motor coordination and locomotion in mice. The antidiarrhoeal activity was evaluated using castor oil-induced diarrhoea and excretion of sodium and potassium ions in the intestinal secretion in rats and gastrointestinal transit in mice. The ERC inhibited amphetamine-induced stereotyped behaviour, diminished locomotion and impaired motor coordination. ERC inhibited castor oil-induced diarrhoea, decreased both sodium and potassium excretion in the intestine and decreased gastrointestinal transit. Thus the present study confirms the anti-diarrhoeal activity of Rubia cordifolia. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the potential of Rubia cordifolia as an antipsychotic.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.207-214
• /
• 2008

In recent years, the combined use of Herbal medicines and Western drugs has been increasing. Though certain problems may occur when both types of medicines are taken together, they havenot been adequately analyzed. It was reported that anticoagulation was enhanced in addition tobleeding when patients took long-term warfarin therapy in combination with Salvia miltiorrhiza(danshen), and laxative herbs accelerate intestinal transit and interfere with the absorption. Herbal constituents, curcumin, ginsenosides, piperine, catechins and silymarin were found to beinhibitors of P-glycoprotein. St John's wort induces the intestinal expression of P-glycoprotein. Anthraquinone, quercetin and coumarins were found to be a potent inhibitor of P-450. Glycyrrhizin or liquorice extracts, Garlic and St John's wort are a potent inducer of CYP3A4. This review provides a critical overview of interactions between herbal medicines and other drugs. Hence, it is necessary to study the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic interactions of many herbal medicines between western drugs.

• 한국식품영양학회지
• /
• 제6권3호
• /
• pp.219-230
• /
• 1993

This research aims to study the changes In gastrointestinal function attributed to aging In human. The thresholds for recognition and detection of flavors became elevated and salivary gland acinar cells decreased in the old age. But most esophageal function remained relatively Intact. Although gastric emptying time has been slowed with aging, the total intestinal transit time did not differ. Atropic gastritis due to H. pylori in old man decreased secretion of acid and Intrinsic factor and absorbability of calcium and iron. Pancreatic secretion is droned in older persons. Prevalence of gallstones rised with age. Liver size and portal blood flow decreased significantly with age. Mucosal surface area has been reported to be slightly diminished in the aging man. Glucose transporters decreased and Insulin tolerance Increased. Absorption of aromatic amino acid is diminished with age. Dietary protein In that aging human increased fecal nitrogen excretion. Vitamin A tolerance increased. Vitamin D receptor concentration decreased and resistance to 1,25-(OH)2D3 action increased. Permeability of aging small Intestine Increased. Zinc balance dirt not differ Copper absorption appeared not to be significantly affected by age. Neurotensin secretion decreased thus slowed colonic peristaltic movements and Intestinal mucosal growth.

• 동의생리병리학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.1330-1336
• /
• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the motor activity and glucose transport and metabolism of Gaewool-Whadam-Jian(GWJ) in rat gastro-intestinal tract. The motor activity of the rat gastro-intestinal tract has been investigated by means of measuring barium sulfate passage degrees. Atropine treatment significantly delayed barium sulfate transit, and GWJ pretreatment increased intestinal motor activity, but not significant. GWJ administration showed no toxicity to kidney and liver. Transport and metabolism of glucose were studied in everted sac of rat small intestine with incubation under several conditions. The transport and metabolism of glucose were greater at jejunum than ileum. So, everted jejunum of rat were used to study the effect of GWJ. When GWJ were treated, the concentration of glucose were higher than untreated group. This result was thought to be influenced by the glucose in GWJ. When 2, 4 dinitrophenol and phlorizin were treated, the transport and metabolism of glucose were decreased, but GWJ treated together, the concentration of glucose in serosal solution increased. Gastric juice secretion and total acidity significantly decreased by administration of GWJ through duodenum region. The mechanism of effect of GWJ was still unidentified, Dut through continuous investigation, the effect of GWJ should be investigated.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.37-44
• /
• 2022

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of Alisma canaliculatum Extract (ACE) on pacemaker potentials of small and large intestinal interstitial Cells of Cajal (ICC) in mice. Methods : We used enzymatic digestions to dissociate the ICC in the small and large intestine in mice. The whole-cell patch-clamp method was used to record pacemaker potentials in ICC. Results : 1. The ICC generated the pacemaker potentials in small intestine in mice. ACE (0.1-1mg/ml) induced membrane depolarization and decreased frequency with concentration-dependent manners. 2. Pretreatment with a Ca²⁺ free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, a nonselective cation channel blocker, stopped the small intestinal ICC pacemaker potentials. In the case of Ca²⁺-free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, ACE had no effects on the membrane depolarizations in small intestinal ICC. 3. The ICC generated the pacemaker potentials in large intestine in mice. Membrane depolarization appears regularly in the small intestine, but irregularly in the large intestine. ACE induced membrane depolarization (0.1-1mg/ml) and increased frequency (0.1-0.5mg/ml). 4. Pretreatment with a Ca²⁺ free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, stopped the large intestinal ICC pacemaker potentials. In the case of Ca²⁺-free solution, Na⁺ 5 mM solution or 2-APB, ACE depolarized the membrane depolarizations in large intestinal ICC. 5. In mice, intestinal transit rate (ITR) values were dose-dependently decreased by the intragastric administration of ACE. Conclusions : These results suggest that ACE can regulate the pacemaker activity of ICC and the reaction by ACE is different from the small and large intestinal ICC, and the control of the intestinal motion by ACE may be caused by many complex processes.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
• /
• 제19권3호
• /
• pp.186-192
• /
• 2016

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation between colon transit time (CTT) test value and initial maintenance dose of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 or lactulose. Methods: Of 415 children with chronic functional constipation, 190 were enrolled based on exclusion criteria using the CTT test, defecation diary, and clinical chart. The CTT test was performed with prior disimpaction. The laxative dose for maintenance was determined on the basis of the defecation diary and clinical chart. The Shapiro-Wilk test and Pearson's and Spearman's correlations were used for statistical analysis. Results: The overall group median value and interquartile range of the CTT test was 43.8 (31.8) hours. The average PEG 4000 dose for maintenance in the overall group was $0.68{\pm}0.18g/kg/d$; according to age, the dose was $0.73{\pm}0.16g/kg/d$ (<8 years), $0.53{\pm}0.12g/kg/d$ (8 to <12 years), and $0.36{\pm}0.05g/kg/d$ (12 to 15 years). The dose of lactulose was $1.99{\pm}0.43mL/kg/d$ (<8 years) or $1.26{\pm}0.25mL/kg/d$ (8 to <12 years). There was no significant correlation between CTT test value and initial dose of laxative, irrespective of the subgroup (encopresis, abnormal CTT test subtype) for either laxative. Even in the largest group (overall, n=109, younger than 8 years and on PEG 4000), the correlation was weak (Pearson's correlation coefficient [R]=0.268, p=0.005). Within the abnormal transit group, subgroup (n=73, younger than 8 years and on PEG 4000) correlation was weak (R=0.267, p=0.022). Conclusion: CTT test value cannot predict the initial maintenance dose of PEG 4000 or lactulose with linear correlation.

• 한방비만학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.68-74
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Shengmai-san and Pyungwi-san, a herbal product used in traditional Chinese medicine, on gastrointestinal (GI) motility in mice. Methods: The in vivo effects of Shengmai-san and Pyungwi-san on GI motility were investigated by measuring the intestinal transit rates (ITRs) using Evans blue in normal mice and in mice with experimentally induced GI motility dysfunction (GMD). GMD was induced by injecting acetic acid or streptozotocin intraperitoneally. Results: In normal Institute of Cancer Research mice, ITRs were significantly and dose-dependently increased by Shengmaisan (0.01~1 g/kg) and Pyungwi-san (0.01~1 g/kg). The ITRs of acetic acid induced peritoneal irritation model and streptozotocin-induced diabetic model mice were significantly reduced compared to normal mice, and these reductions were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by Shengmai-san (0.01~1 g/kg) and Pyungwi-san (0.01~1 g/kg). Conclusions: These results suggest that both Shengmai-san and Pyungwi-san are a good candidate for the development of a prokinetic agent that may prevent or alleviate GMD.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제21권6호
• /
• pp.609-616
• /
• 2017

Ardipusilloside-I is a natural triterpenoid saponin, which was isolated from Ardisia pusilla A. DC. The aim of the study was to evaluate the stimulation of ardipusilloside-I on gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo. The experiment of smooth muscle contraction directly monitored the contractions of the isolated jejunal segment (IJS) in different contractile states, and the effects of ardipusilloside-I on myosin were measured in the presence of $Ca^{2+}$-calmodulin using the activities of 20 kDa myosin light chain ($MLC_{20}$) phosphorylation and myosin $Mg^{2+}$-ATPase. The effects of ardipusilloside-I on gastro emptying and intestinal transit in constipation-predominant rats were observed, and the MLCK expression in jejuna of constipated rats was determined by western blot. The results showed that, ardipusilloside-I increased the contractility of IJS in a dose-dependent manner and reversed the low contractile state (LCS) of IJS induced by low $Ca^{2+}$, adrenaline, and atropine respectively. There were synergistic effects on contractivity of IJS between ardipusilloside-I and ACh, high $Ca^{2+}$, and histamine, respectively. Ardipusilloside-I could stimulate the phosphorylation of $MLC_{20}$ and $Mg^{2+}$-ATPase activities of $Ca^{2+}$- dependent phosphorylated myosin. Ardipusilloside-I also stimulated the gastric emptying and intestinal transit in normal and constipated rats in vivo, respectively, and increased the MLCK expression in the jejuna of constipation-predominant rats. Briefly, the findings demonstrated that ardipusilloside-I could effectively excite gastrointestinal motility in vitro and in vivo.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.603-615
• /
• 2008

Dietary fiber is an inevitable component in pig diets. In non-ruminants, it may influence many physiological processes in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) such as transit time as well as nutrient digestion and absorption. Moreover, dietary fiber is also the main substrate of intestinal bacteria. The bacterial community structure is largely susceptible to changes in the fiber content of a pig's diet. Indeed, bacterial composition in the lower GIT will adapt to the supply of high levels of dietary fiber by increased growth of bacteria with cellulolytic, pectinolytic and hemicellulolytic activities such as Ruminococcus spp., Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium spp. Furthermore, there is growing evidence for growth promotion of beneficial bacteria, such as lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, by certain types of dietary fiber in the small intestine of pigs. Studies in rats have shown that both phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) play an important role in the fermentative activity and growth of the intestinal microbiota. This can be attributed to the significance of P for the bacterial cell metabolism and to the buffering functions of Ca-phosphate in intestinal digesta. Moreover, under P deficient conditions, ruminal NDF degradation as well as VFA and bacterial ATP production are reduced. Similar studies in pigs are scarce but there is some evidence that dietary fiber may influence the ileal and fecal P digestibility as well as P disappearance in the large intestine, probably due to microbial P requirement for fermentation. On the other hand, fermentation of dietary fiber may improve the availability of minerals such as P and Ca which can be subsequently absorbed and/or utilized by the microbiota of the pig's large intestine.