• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.5-24
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to develop a parenting intervention program and determine the efficacy of the program with low-birth weight infants and their mothers. Nine dyads for the experimental group and twelve dyads for the control group discharged from the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a University Hospital in Seoul were recruited for the study. For the intervention group, programmed education and support which focused on the maternal sensitivity of the infant's behavior. rearing environment. motherinfant interaction and infant care were given to each subject. Individual counseling and home visits were provided at discharge, one week after discharge. and one and three months of corrected age in every infant. Structured questionaires were administered and feeding interactions were videotaped and coded by a blinded certified observer. A Quasi-experimental design was conducted for this study. Postpartum depression, maternal self esteem. infant care burden, HOME. mother-infant interaction, and infant development were measured. Results were in favor of the intervention versus the control group. On the Beck depression inventory, intervention mothers showed decreasing trends in depressive symptom vs control mothers although, there were statistically no significant differences between the two groups at each time. The mean score of experimental group was 11.55(mild depression state) at discharge and became 8,6(normal state) at 1 month of corrected age. On the other hand, the mean score of the control group was 13.92(mild depression state) at discharge and became 14.0. Maternal self esteem in both groups improved over time. Infant care burden in both groups was also shown to increase over time. There was a significant difference between the two groups in HOME(p=.0340) at 3 months of corrected age. HOME scores of the experimental group and the control's were 31.10 and 25.58, respectively. Mothers' emotional and language responses were significantly high in the intervention group compared with the control group(p=.0155). Intervention group (53.33) showed a significantly high quality of motherinfant interaction compared with the in control group (42.80)(p =.0340). Intervention group mothers appeared have a better quality of mother-infant interaction behaviors. On the other hand, there was no statistical difference in the infant part between groups. Intervention group infants had higher trends in a general developmental quotient: although, there was no statistical difference between groups. The general developmental quotient of intervention infants was 102.56 and control's was 91.28. However, the developmental quotient of the domain of 'individuality-sociality' was higher in the intervention group infants compared with the control's(p=.0155). The concerns identified by parents revealed two domains of an infants' health management -knowledge and skills in caregiving of lowbirthweight-infants, characteristics of lowbirthweight infants, identifying a developmental milestone, coping with emergency situations and relaxation strategies of mothers from the infant care burden. Interview data with the mothers of low-birth weight infants can be used to develop intervention program contents. Limited intervention time and frequency due to time and cost limitations of this study should be modified. The intervention should be continuously implemented when low-birth weight infants become three years old. An NNNS demonstration appeared to be a very effective intervention for the mothers to improve the quality of mother-infant interactions. Therefore intervening in the mothers of low-birth weight infants as early after delivery as possible is desirable. This study has shown that home visit interventions are worthwhile for mothers only beyond the approach as an essential factor in ability of facilitating a growth fostering environment. In conclusion. the intervention program of this study was very effective in enhancing the parenting for the mothers of low-birth weight infants, resulting in health promotion of low-birth weight infants. The home-visit outreach intervention program of this study will contribute to the health delivery system in this country where there is a lack of continuous follow-up programs for low-birth weight infants after discharge from NICU, if it is activated as part of the home visit programs in community health systems.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.812-822
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of lifestyle intervention on the development of fatigue, nutritional status and quality of life of patients with gynecologic cancer. Methods: A nonequivalent control group quasi-experimental design was used. Participants were 49 patients with gynecologic cancer. They were assigned to the experiment group (n=24) or the control group (n=25). The lifestyle intervention for this study consisted of physical activity, nutritional education, telephone call counseling, health counseling, monitoring for lifestyle, and affective support based on Cox's Interaction Model of Client Health Behavior and was implemented for six weeks. Results: Significant group differences were found for fatigue (p =.037), nutritional status (p =.034) and social/family well-being (p =.035) in these patients with gynecologic cancer. Conclusion: Results indicate that this lifestyle intervention is effective in lessening fatigue, and improving nutritional status and social/family well-being. Therefore, nurses in hospitals should develop strategies to expand and provide lifestyle interventions for patients with cancer.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.626-635
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a cultural competence improvement program for maternity nurses. Methods: A quasi-experimental study using a non-equivalent control group pre and posttest design was used. Participants were 67 maternity nurses caring for multicultural pregnant women in G city. The cultural competence improvement program was developed based on the 3-D Puzzle Model and was provided using case-based small group learning methods for the experimental group (n=31). The control group (n=36) did not receive any intervention. Data were collected using self-report structured questionnaires at two time points: prior to the intervention and after the intervention and were analyzed with descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$-test, and t-test. Results: Compared to the control group, the experimental group reported significant positive changes for cultural knowledge (t=6.39, p<.001), cultural awareness (t=3.50, p<.001), and cultural acceptance (t=4.08, p<.001). However, change in cultural nursing behaviors (t=0.92, p=.067) was not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: Findings from this study indicate that a cultural competence improvement program with case-based small group learning is a useful intervention strategy to promote multicultural maternity care. Further, strategies to improve cultural nursing behavior should be developed to promote culturally congruent nursing care.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.157-165
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• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects of a cognitive-behavioral nursing intervention on anxiety and depression of patients with breast cancer undergoing radiotherapy. Methods: A nonequivalent control group design was used for the study. The research participants were patients with breast cancer (N=71; experimental group=35, comparison group=36) who received radiotherapy at P university hospital. The experimental group received a 6-week cognitivebehavioral nursing intervention (2 hr/week), which included nursing counseling, education about treatment choices for breast cancer and possible side effects and management strategies during radiotherapy, and rehabilitation exercise. Results: Following the intervention, the experimental group showed significantly lower levels of anxiety (Experimental group=$34.60{\pm}6.35$, Comparison group=$44.63{\pm}9.93$, t=3.552, p<.001) and depression (Experimental group=$10.20{\pm}6.61$, Comparison group=$17.81{\pm}10.85$, t=3.542, p<.001) than the comparison group. Conclusion: The findings from this study showed that cognitive-behavioral counseling applied by nurses is very effective to reduce anxiety and depression among patients with breast cancer. Therefore, providing nursing counseling to broader spectrum of patients with cancer should be considered. Further research would warrant future clinical application of nursing counseling.

• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Health Promotion Conference
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• 2001.09a
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• pp.91-111
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• 2001

Background: Alcohol and tobacco use are two major behavioral risk factors implicated in increased morbidity and mortality. Since both substances are widely used in Korea, a concerted effort is currently underway to reduce the use of tobacco and alcohol in Korea. Objectives: Efforts directed toward educating health promotion planners and health educators from local health departments to organize and implement health education programs to reduce the proportion of people smoking and excessive drinking in the community. Methods: A training guide on prevention of smoking and excessive drinking has been developed. Comprehensive multi-media health promotion materials were developed based on health behavior theories and strategies for effective health behavioral interventions. To better control of behavioral risk and promote health enhancement, the materials were developed to introduce a user-oriented developmental approach by making messages more persuasive and organizing content in a user-friendly manner. Sections of the report explain theoretical background of the intervention, choosing goals and a target population, specific program activities to include in an intervention, development, organization, methods of making program content vivid and persuasive, and evaluation,. Implications for Practitioners: The process followed in developing the health intervention materials is described in detail to assist practitioners who need to develop effective programs to reduce the use of tobacco and excessive alcohol. Health educators from all local health departments in the country were trained in the use of the materials, to enable them to develop community interventions to reduce smoking and excessive drinking.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.547-556
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• 2013

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the changing patterns of knowledge related to disease, medication adherence, and self-management and to determine if outcomes were more favorable in the experimental group than in the comparison group through 6 months after providing a web-based self-management intervention. Methods: A non-equivalent control group quasi-experimental design was used and 65 patients with gout, 34 in experimental group and 31 in comparison group, were selected from the rheumatic clinics of two university hospitals. Data were collected four times, at baseline, at 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months after the intervention. Results: According to the study results, the changing patterns of knowledge and self-management were more positive in the experimental group than in the control group, whereas difference in the changing pattern of medication adherence between two groups was not significant. Conclusion: The results indicate that the web-based self-management program has significant effect on improving knowledge and self-management for middle aged male patients with gout. However, in order to enhance medication adherence, the web-based intervention might not be sufficient and other strategies need to be added.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.161-171
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• 2018

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the process of psychosocial assessment, the experience of intervention, and the improvement after the disaster that Danwon high school students survived from the sinking of the Motor Vessel (MV) Sewol in South Korea on April 16, 2014. Methods: We conducted in-depth qualitative research using individual interviews from January to February 2017. Twenty-one of 75 Danwon high school students survived by the MV Sewol disaster were studied. Two interviewers participated in the in-depth interview. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed through content analysis based on psychosocial assessment and intervention after the disaster. Results: Twenty-one participants were 20 years old, where 10 were male (47.62%), and 11 were female (52.38%). More than 75% of the interviewed students felt that mental health services were needed, and more than 85% required mental health assessments. Regarding psychiatric symptoms, the students reported that they suffered depression and insomnia (19.05%), anxiety (14.29%), nightmares and phobias (9.52%), and difficulties regarding concentration, aggression, and game addiction (4.76%). Conclusion: Despite survivors experiencing the same disaster, there were differences in their responses to mental health assessments and interventions experienced during the three years, and conflicting opinions were reported. In planning future evaluations and interventions, it is necessary for strategies to cope with flexibly to consider the characteristics and symptoms of the survivors while maintaining principles.

• Journal of Home Health Care Nursing
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.147-154
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• 2016

Purpose: This study aimed to develop and apply simulation-based education, and to verify the effects of this type of education on nursing students' presence in education, systems thinking, and proactivity in problem solving. Method: Subjects were 69 senior college students recruited through convenient sampling. This study used a one-group pre-posttest quasi-experimental design. A structured survey was administered a week before and after provision of the simulation-based education once a week for 4 weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and t-tests. Results: Teaching presence increased after the educational intervention; instructional design and organization, and aspect of direct facilitation subscales improved. Learning presence increased after the educational intervention; although cognitive presence did not change, emotional presence increased. With regard to emotional presence, perception and expression of one's emotional status increased, although emotional management did not change. Moreover, systems thinking increased. Among the subscales, team learning showed an increase after the educational intervention. However, there was no significant difference in proactivity in problem solving, although it showed an increase after the educational intervention. Conclusion: Based on the aforementioned study results, there is need to establish educational environments for qualitative teaching and learning presence, and devise strategies to increase learning effects with various teaching methods and type of content.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 2022

PURPOSE: This study aimed to analyze the effects of task exercise on an unstable surface on the involuntary arm and leg movement and balance in stroke patients. METHODS: 20 stroke patients were clinically sampled and randomly assigned to two groups of 10 patients each. Experimental group I received task exercise intervention on an unstable surface and experimental group II received task exercise intervention. The interventions were carried out 3 times a week for 4 weeks (30 minutes per session). The global synkinesis (GS) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) of the patients were evaluated as pre-tests prior to intervention, and then the post-tests were re-measured in the same manner as the pre-tests after a 4-week intervention period. RESULTS: In the experimental group I, there were statistically significant differences in the changes in the arm and leg GS (p < .01) and in the BBS (p < .05). On the other hand, in the experimental group II, there were statistically significant differences in the changes only in the arm GS (p < .01) and in the BBS (p < .05). Also, in the comparison of the changes between the two groups, there was a statistically significant difference in the changes in the leg GS only (p < .05). CONCLUSION: In the experimental group I, the arm and leg GS were statistically significantly reduced, but the balance ability was statistically significantly improved. The reason was that in the experimental group I, similar movements of the paralyzed arm were promoted due to the double-task exercise on the unstable surface, and sensory feedback and posture strategies were well utilized in the legs, which was found to be effective in reducing the GS and improving the balance ability. Therefore, based on these results, the double-task exercise on an unstable surface should be fully utilized for the rapid rehabilitation of stroke patients.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.5-24
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• 2023

Purpose: The objective of this review was to identify the research trends in Information and Communication Technology (ICT)-based health-related intervention studies for children and adolescents published in South Korea over the past 10 years. Methods: A scoping review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta Analyses (PRISMA) and the system classification framework for digital health intervention 1.0 of the World Health Organization (WHO) was applied to analyze how technology was being used to support the needs of the health system. Results: A total of 18 studies were included in the final analysis. The participants were mainly children with a variety of diseases. No studies had used innovative technology platforms such as artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and robotics. In addition, the scope of application of the WHO classification criteria was quite limited. Finally, no intervention study considered technical operational indicators, such as the number of website visits and streaming as outcome measurements. Conclusions: Researchers should introduce advanced technology-based strategies to provide customized and professional healthcare services to children and adolescents in South Korea and continue efforts to integrate innovative ICT for various research purposes, subjects, and environments.