• Women's Health Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.15-22
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was to examine the effect of postpartum exercise on mental health. Mental health comprises a 9 symptom dimension of Somatization, Obsessive-Compulsive, Interpersonal Sensitivity, Depression, Anxiety, Hostility, Phobic anxiety, Paranoid Ideation, and Psychoticism. Method: A non-equivalent pre-test, post-test control group study was conducted. Fifty-two puerperal women who were admitted to a postpartum ward of a mother-baby clinic in Pusan were recruited; 26 women were assigned to the experimental group and 26 women to the control group. Postpartum exercise was applied to the experimental group from postpartum day 3 for a period of 8 weeks while no exercise program was applied to the control group. Mental health with SCL-90-R was measured before and after exercise. Data was analyzed using mean, $x^2$-test, t-test, and ANOVA by SPSS 10.0. Result: The mental health status in the exercise group did not show a statistically significant decrease when compared to that of the control group. Conclusion: There is no effect of postpartum exercise on women's mental health during the first 8 weeks of the postpartum period. Further studies are needed for randomized clinical trials with a larger sample size.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.417-424
• /
• 2020

There is increasing tension and anxiety about being evaluated by others such as anxiety, which is felt when others' evaluation is expected or actual, and this is called social interaction anxiety. The purpose of this study was to develop a nursing intervention program that can reduce social interaction anxiety among nursing college students by analyzing factors affecting social interaction anxiety in nursing college students. The subjects of this study were four nursing college students in B city and C city. The survey data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, means, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and stepwise multiple regression with the SPSS WIN 21.0 program. The results of this study show that social interaction anxiety was positively correlated with fear of negative evaluation (r=.67, p<.001), fear of positive evaluation (r=.56, p<.001), and intolerance of uncertainty (r=.44, p<.001). Factors affecting ambivalence over emotional expressiveness in terms of social interaction anxiety was interpersonal relationship (β=.19, p<.001), fear of negative evaluation (β=.43, p<.001), and fear of positive evaluation (β=.34, p<.001). The explanatory power of these variables was 58.1%. Therefore, it is thought that nursing college students need to provide a support system to maintain good interpersonal relationships, to reduce sensitivity to positive and negative evaluation, and to accept and positively evaluate their own ability.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.151-157
• /
• 1997

The relationship of stress and psychopathology with subjective or objective tinnitus intensity was investigated in 43 patients with tinnitus. Global assessment of recent stress scale, Beck depression inventory and symptom checklist-90-revision were used to measure stress perception and psychopathology. Subjective tinnitus intensity was assessed by subjective tinnitus severity inventory, whereas objective tinnitus intensity was assessed by tinnitogram. Scores of perceived stress related to interpersonal relationship and sickness or min had significantly positive correlation with subjective tinnitus intensity. In psychopathology, scores of somatization, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, phobia, paranoid ideation, psychoticism had significantly positive correlation with subjective tinnitus intensity. However, stress perception and psychopathology did not significantly correlate with objective tinnitus intensity. These findings suggest that tinnitus may be associated with stress perception and multiple psychopathology including anxiety and depression. Thus, it is emphasized that Psychosocial intervention as well as effective consultation-liasion activity is needed for evaluation and treatment of patients with tinnitus.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.409-418
• /
• 2014

The purpose of this study is to verify the causal relationship between the smartphone addiction proneness, mental health, and impulsiveness of high school students in Korea. 804 first and second year high school students participated in the survey that included the Smartphone addiction scale, Korean Brief Mental Diagnosis Exam - the highest 25% of total score (Addictive SmartPhone Use Group : ASPUG 213 persons), the lowest 25% of total score(Non-Addictive SmartPhone Use Group : NASPUG 204 persons), BIS-II Impulsiveness Scale and additional questions asking for demographical characteristics. The outcomes of this study were as follows. First, sex, grade of high school, academic accomplishment, student's satisfaction with school life, monthly allowance, the level of parental respect, having a opposite sex friend were related to smartphone addiction and impulsiveness. Second, ASPUG had worse mental health and impulsiveness than NASPUG, and the difference was statistically significant. Third, Students showed higher levels of mental health 9 subareas - anxiety, depression, phobic anxiety, Somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, Paranoid ideation, Psychosis as their smartphone use increased.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.39 no.4
• /
• pp.602-612
• /
• 2009

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify type of anger expression and mental health in middle aged women. Methods: From August to October 2005, survey data were collected by using the State Trait Anger Expression Inventory and Symptom Check List-90-Revision (SCL). Participants (1,442) were classified into four types of anger expression by K-mean cluster analysis. For collecting interview data for content analysis, 18 participants (4-5 participants from each type of anger expression) were recruited. The interview data were collected between March and September 2006. Results: The average score of the state anger of middle-aged women was 11.95, and that of the trait anger was 18.75. The average anger expression scores were 12.72 for Anger-In, 13.45 for Anger-Out, and 18.51 for Anger-Control. The average SCL scores were 45.03 for somatization, 42.23 for obsessive-compulsiveness, 42.44 for interpersonal sensitivity, 42.45 for depression, 42.40 for anxiety, 42.62 for hostility, 44.44 for phobic anxiety, 43.65 for paranoid ideation, and 43.08 for psychoticism. The anger expression types identified in this study were 1) anger-out in secret, 2) anger-control with a patience, 3) anger-out with suppression, and 4) low anger expression type. The psychosomatic symptom scores were the highest in type III (anger-out with suppression), and the lowest in type IV (low anger expression type). Conclusion: This study can be helpful in assisting middle aged women to control their anger effectively and may contribute to the improvement of their mental health.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.63-76
• /
• 2012

Objectives : The aim of this study was to investigate the value and efficacy of BDI, STAI, STAXI, ISI, and SCL-90-R in correlation with depression, anxiety, and insomnia patients. Methods : A total of 39 patients, who were diagnosed with depression, anxiety, and insomnia were evaluated using BDI, STAI, STAXI, ISI, and SCL-90-R. They were then statistically analyzed. Results : 1. BDI scores of depression patients were significantly different from other patients. 2. BDI scores of depression patients had strong positive correlation with STAI-S, and STAI-T scores. 3. STAI-S scores of anxiety patients had positive correlation with BDI, and ISI scores. 4. SCL-90-R depression subscale scores of depression patients had strong positive correlation with somatization, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism, global severity index, and positive symptom total subscale scores. 5. SCL-90-R anxiety subscale scores of anxiety patients had strong positive correlation with somatization, obsessive compulsive, depression, phobic anxiety, and global severity index subscale scores. Phobic anxiety subscale scores had strong positive correlation with anxiety, global severity index, and positive symptom total subscale scores. Conclusions : The result findings are expected to serve as a useful resource in future stress-related depression, anxiety, and insomnia case reports and clinical research in oriental neuropsychiatry.

• Journal of the Korean Society of School Health
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 2002

The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between self-esteem and mental health in Middle school students, and provided basic data to develop a nursing program for the prevention of mental disease and the promotion of mental health in adolescence. Subjects were 153 students in the third year of three middle schools located in K city. Instruments used in this study were the self-esteem questionnaire developed by Choi, B. K. & Jun, G. Y.(1993) and the simplified SCL-90 developed by Lee, H. K.(1986) for measuring mental health. Data were analyzed by Cronbach's alpha, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient by using SPSS/PC+ program. It was found that the mean score of the self-esteem was 3.20. The score of self-esteem in family was high and the score of self-esteem in school was low. The mean score of mental health was 1.94. The scores of depression, obsessive-compulsive and interpersonal sensitivity were high, the scores of phobic anxiety and somatization were low. There were significant differences among religions (F=2.709, p= .032), and between personalities (t=-2.285, p= .024) with respect to self esteem. There were no significant differences between general characteristics variables and mental health. However there was significant negative correlation between the mean self-esteem score and the mean mental health score (r=-.431, p= .000). In conclusion, mental health is strongly related to self-esteem. If and adolescent who suffers from mental health is not received proper treatment, his or her mental health prohibits him from managing sound social life even after grown-up. Thus, nursing intervention in adolescence should be developed to enhance the self-esteem of adolescence and to help him raise sound mind.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.205-213
• /
• 1997

The aim of this study is to find the relationship between interictal psychiatric symptoms and seizure-related variables such as structural changes, regional interictal perfusion changes, the number of interictal epileptic discharges and the presence of accompanying generalized tonic clonic seizure(GTC). The subjects were 75 patients (47 males : mean age $28.3{\pm}7.7$) with intractable epilepsy, Interictal psychiatric symptoms were rated by Symptom Checklist-90-R(SCL-90-R). Each of 4 seizure variables was measured by MRI, $^{99m}TC-HMPAO$ SPECT and the prolonged EEG monitoring. The mean SCL-90-R subscale T-scores and the ratio of the patients with definite psychiatric symptoms(T-score > 65 at any one subscale of SCL-90-R) were compared among the groups with different seizure variables. Demographic variables and clinical variables were not statistically different among the groups with different seizure variables. The patients with right mesial temporal sclerosis had higher mean SCL-90-R scores for obsessive compulsive symptom, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility and psychotic symptoms than the patients with left mesial temporal sclerosis, and they also showed higher ratio of definite psychiatric symptoms. The presence of interictal epileptic discharges was related with higher T-scores of paranoid subscale. The areas of hypoperfusion, the presence of the GTC, and other clinical seizure variables showed no significant influences on the mean SCL-90-R subscale T-scores. from these results, the authors speculated that interictal subictal epileptic dischrages may be related with psychiatric symptoms of the intractable epileptic patients, especially with right mesial temporal sclerosis.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.35-44
• /
• 1993

This study was aimed at investigating the relationship of stress perception and psychopathology with biological variables such as systolic and diastolic blood pressure. serum total cholesterol high density lipoprotein and triglyceride in 50 adult patients with essential hypertension and 50 normotensive individuals. Both of the groups were matched to each other regarding age, sex, the level of education and BMI(body mass index). Stress perception and psychopathology between the two groups were compared using GARS and SCL-90-R scales. Biological variables such as blood pressure(systolic. diastolic), serum total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and triglyceride were measured in all the subjects. The results were as follows ; 1) Hypertensive patients scored significantly higher than normotensive individuals in stress perception related to unusual happenings, change or no change in routine and overall global area, respectively. 2) Regarding psychopathology, hypertensive patients scored significantly higher than normotensive individuals in depression. hostility and interpersonal sensitivity. respectively. 3) Systolic blood pressure had a significantly positive correlation with scores of stress perception related to sickness and injury, and change or no change in routine, respectively. Diastolic blood pressure had a significantly positive correlation with scores of stress perception related to change or no change in routine. 4) In hypertensive patients. the level of serum total cholesterol had a significantly positive correlation with scores of stress perception related to unusual happenings. However, the level of serum triglyceride had a significantly negative correlation with scores of stress perception related to changes in relationships, sickness or injury, and change or no chang in routine. 5) There were no significant correlations between scores of stress perception and biological factors in the normotensive group. 6) The level of serum triglyceride correlated negatively with phobic anxiety in hypertensive group. whereas it correlated positively with PSDI in normotensive group. In conclusion, these results suggest that hypertensive patients have higher level of stress perception and psychopathology than normal individuals. In hypertensive patients, their stress perception is suggested to be correlated with serum cholesterol.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.64-70
• /
• 1996

The prevalence rate of psychiatric symptoms of the refractory epileptic patients was evaluated according to the location of the epileptic focus. The subjects were 91 patients admitted to Epilepsy Monitoring Unit of Seoul National University Hospital. The psychiatric symptoms were assessed by Korean version of Symptom Checklist-90-R(SCL-90-R). The locus of epileptic focus was assessed by clinical features, 2-hour interictal EEG, long-term video-EEG monitoring, brain MRI, interictal and ictal brain SPECT, and interictal brain PET The subjects were divided into three groups according to the epileptic focus, non-temporal(N=29), left temporal (N=26), and right temporal(N=32). There were no statistical differences in demographic and seizure-related variables among groups. The number of patients with $T-score {\geq} 65$ at any subscale of the SCL-90-R were compared by $X^2-test$ among groups. The mean T-scores of each subscale of the SCL-90-R were compared by oneway-ANOVA among groups. The prevalence rate of psychiatric symptoms of the refractory epileptic patients was 38.5%. There was no statistical difference in the prevalence rate of psychiatric symptoms among groups. However, the patients with non-temporal or right temporal epileptic foci showed statistically significant higher mean T-scores of interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility, and phobic subscales than the patients with left temporal epileptic foci. These results suggest that the epileptic focus plays an important role in the production of interictal psychiatric symptoms of the refractory epileptics.