• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.35 no.7
• /
• pp.801-815
• /
• 2011

This study examines the characteristics of marketing and customer that influence the selection of multichannel (preference/frequency of use) in the fashion retail. The subjects of this study are men and women live in Seoul/Gyeonggi province and Busan/Gyeongsangnam-do in their 20s-40s who have shopping experiences in fashion items of more than 2 shopping channels among offline stores, catalogs, and the internet. The survey period was from March to May 2010 and 411 forms were used in this survey. The data were analyzed by a reliability analysis (Cronbach's ${\alpha}$), a factor analysis, t-test and one-way ANOVA. The main results of this study are summarized as follows. First, marketing characteristics, which effect the selection of multichannel (preference/frequency of use), consist of sales promotion, service, price, merchandise, and distribution. Those have a significant influence (***p${\leq}$.001) on choosing multichannel of fashion retail. Price has a significant impact on the preference of multichannel and merchandise affect for frequency of use in multichannel shopping. Second, customer characteristics have a significant influence (***p${\leq}$.001) on the monthly average purchasing amount, shopping hours, shopping frequency, brand knowledge, and price sensitivity. Particularly, monthly average purchasing amount & shopping frequency have meaningful differences in the frequency of using multichannel; in addition, shopping hours were affected by preference & frequency of use. Price sensitivity has a greater influence on the frequency of using multichannel and brand knowledge has a greater effect on multichannel preference. Customer's information searching characteristics have main 3 factors through the use of marketing information, personal information and experience information. Application of experience information is the main factor in preference and frequency of using multichannel shopping. The customer demographic characteristics of age (*p${\leq}$.05, **p${\leq}$.01) and gender (*p${\leq}$.05) show a difference for selecting multichannel. There is no difference for marital status, average household income per month, and job.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.43-58
• /
• 2020

This study examines media used for information in the East Asian countries of China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and Singapore, using data from the World Values Survey. The sharing of Confucian culture may lead to a uniform media structure across these nations. Another possibility is technological determinism, which would also lead to similarity across nations. However, it is possible that countries are at different stages of technology development and will eventually become more similar. An opposing notion is that differences in other values among nations predict digital media use. To examine the evidence considering these possibilities, we factor analyze each population's use of nine traditional and digital media to see how similar the structures are. What results is a three-dimensional solution for four out of five countries, except Singapore, which has a more simple two-dimensional structure. Analysts regard Singapore as the most digitally connected society, which raises the question as to whether it is higher on a technological development trajectory, to which other countries may transition. Perhaps a more simple media use structure is an adaptation to increasing information load. As well, as mobile devices have become a primary means of accessing the range of traditional and social media, it may have an expanded role in reducing media channel entropy. In terms of frequency of media use, Singapore is highest, while China is the lowest. Singapore stands out in high mobile use, and China for low Internet use. There appear to be developmental differences across the nations. Regressions on Internet use for 18 values indices find different values predictors in the East Asian countries, ruling out Confucianism as producing similar media patterns.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.15-28
• /
• 2007

Objectives: In this paper, the survey on internet usage patterns of health consumers was conducted and analyzed in order to determine internet health information assessment criteria for providing correct consumer health information on web-sites. Methods: By using a survey questionnaire with 16 questions on general information and 20 questions on internet health information, data were collected from September 16 to 25, 2005 from 476 participants through an internet web site, http://www.hp.go.kr. Frequency analysis, t-test, and multiple regression were used in order to analyze the difference in assessment criteria, factors influencing assessment criteria, factors influencing user satisfaction, etc. Results: General characteristics of the study population were: the persons over age 40 were the smallest age group; women were accounted for 74.2%; and the persons with average income were the largest income group; and the persons with average health status were the largest health group. Most widely used health information were: exercise, disease, and diet, in order. There was significant difference(p=.001) in importance of assessment criteria between the persons in medical institutions and the persons not in medical institutions. There was no significant difference in other assessment criteria. We also found that contents of websites and easy to use were more important factors than elucidation of information providers and information sources including speciality of information in quality assessment criteria of internet health information. Discussion and Conclusion: Results of this paper were compared with the previous studies from the literatures. Contrary to the previous studies in the literature, there was significant difference in importance of assessment criteria between the persons in medical institutions and the persons not in medical institutions. In order to apply the study results to develop health contents for consumer, there is a need for further upgrade the proposed assessment criteria based on expert opinion.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.315-322
• /
• 2017

The aim of this study was to explore the association between daily toothbrushing frequency and health risk behaviors of school-going adolescents in poor urban areas of Peru. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 959 school-going adolescents 11~19 years of age in poor urban areas of Peru in 2014. Health risk behaviors we assessed in the study were smoking; drinking; consuming sugar-sweetened soft drinks (more than one cup); leisure time activities including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet; and never or rarely handwashing with soap. Daily toothbrushing frequency was divided into two groups (once and twice daily). For statistical analyses, the chi-square test and hierarchical logistic regression were used at 5% level of significance. Of the total respondents, 63 (14.3%) were boys and 53 (10.3%) were girls and 116 (12.1%) engaged in toothbrushing (${\leq}1$ times daily). According to the adjusted logistic regression analysis for socio-demographic characteristics, two behaviors (leisure time use activities, including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet (odds ratio [OR], 2.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20~4.35), and never or rarely hand washing with soap (OR, 4.09; CI, 2.48~6.75) were statistically associated with toothbrushing frequency (${\leq}1$ times daily). We found two health risk behaviors (leisure time activities, including watching television, playing games, and using the Internet, and never or rarely handwashing with soap) associated with toothbrushing frequency among adolescents in the study area. Thus, oral health promotion programs should consider these health risk behaviors associated with toothbrushing frequency.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.12-23
• /
• 2021

This paper proposes a low power radio frequency receiver front-end where, in a single stage, single-balanced mixer and voltage-controlled oscillator are stacked on top of low noise amplifier and re-use the dc current to reduce the power consumption. In the proposed topology, the voltage-controlled oscillator itself plays the dual role of oscillator and mixer by exploiting a series inductor-capacitor network. Using a 65 nm complementary metal oxide semiconductor technology, the proposed radio frequency front-end is designed and simulated. Oscillating at around 2.4 GHz frequency band, the voltage-controlled oscillator of the proposed radio frequency front-end achieves the phase noise of -72 dBc/Hz, -93 dBc/Hz, and -113 dBc/Hz at 10KHz, 100KHz, and 1 MHz offset frequency, respectively. The simulated voltage conversion gain is about 25 dB. The double-side band noise figure is -14.2 dB, -8.8 dB, and -7.3 dB at 100 KHz, 1 MHz and 10 MHz offset. The radio frequency front-end consumes only 96 ㎼ dc power from a 1-V supply.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 2020

A microstrip feedline based open ended folded-slot antenna is proposed for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications. The prototype of the proposed antenna is fabricated on the FR4 dielectric substrate. The proposed antenna has a wide n-shaped slot that is useful for designing circuit components on the same printed circuit board (PCB) as that of the radio frequency (RF) modules. The proposed antenna use two kinds of slots as radiators, and each slots have different characteristics because of the different type of ends of the slot. The wideband characteristic can be obtained by resonances of each slot which are occurred at different frequencies. The measured impedance bandwidth (S₁₁≤ -10 dB) is 2.9-11.56 GHz, and the antenna peak gain is 2-4 dBi over the UWB range. The antenna has a stable omni-directional radiation pattern and only a small group-delay variation across the UWB passband. In addition, we present a modified design with band-notched characteristics of a 5 GHz wireless local area network (WLAN) frequency band.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.12
• /
• pp.5745-5758
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we develop a simple but very effective 4 by 4 Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) antenna system for mobile phones consisting of different types of antennas to achieve low correlation property at the frequency ranges of 1710 to 2170 MHz, which covers wide LTE service bands, from band 1 to band 4. The proposed antenna system consists of two pair of antennas. Each pair consists of a planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) and a coupling antenna which has the property of the loop. The use of two different antenna types of IFA and a coupling achieves high isolation. Proposed antenna system occupies relatively small area and positions at the four corners of a printed circuit board. The gap between the two antennas is 4 mm, in order to realize the good isolation performance. To evaluate the performance of our proposed antenna system, we perform various experiments. The proposed antenna shows a wide operating bandwidth greater than 460 MHz with isolation between the feeding ports higher than 17.5-dB. It also shows that the proposed antenna has low Envelop Correlation Coefficient (ECC) values smaller than 0.08 over the all desired frequency tuning ranges.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.11 no.6
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2011

In this study, we design and implement a cavity filter for the Korea T-DMB broadcasting transmitter station and repeater system. HFSS 3 dimensional field simulation tool is used for this study. T-DMB filter has to be high quality factor Q, and cavity filter is applying in T-DMB system due to high handling power. We use HFSS simulation tool for design to obtain exact resonant frequency with easy design. A cavity filter is implemented based on the simulated results, and test results are compared with simulations. Measured resonant frequency and bandwidth are 211.8MHz and 0.1MHz, and correspond with design values.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.11 no.5
• /
• pp.179-184
• /
• 2011

In this paper, we analyze the sharing parameters in order to co-use of different communication systems in adjacent channels. We analyze the performance result according to various density of interfering transmitter and transmitter output in hetero systems. In order to get the relationship with between density of interfering transmitter and transmitter output, we consider the case that WiBro is an interfering transmitter an WLAN is a victim receiver. When the center frequency of WLAN is 687MHz and interferer density is 50/$km^2$, required guard band is 10MHz. Analyzed coexistence results may be widely applied into the technique developed to get the coexisting condition for wireless devices using many communication protocols in same frequency.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• v.11 no.1
• /
• pp.102-122
• /
• 2017

Nanotechnology has provided a set of tools that the engineers can use to design and manufacture integrated nano devices, which are capable of performing sensing, computing, data storing and actuation. One of the main hurdles for nano devices has been the amount of power that it can generate for transmission of data. In this paper, we proposed cooperative nano communication in the Terahertz (THz) Gap frequency band to increase the range of transmission. Outage probability (OP) performances for the proposed cooperative nano communication networks in the THz band (0.1 - 10THz) have been evaluated for the following scenarios; A) A single decode-and-forward (DF) relay over independent identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh fading channels, B) DF multi-relay network with best relay selection (BRS) over i.i.d. Rayleigh fading channels, and C) DF multi-relay network with multiple hops with BRS over i.i.d. Rayleigh fading channels. The results show that the transmission distance can be improved significantly by employing DF relays. Also, it is shown that by increasing the number of hops in a relay the OP performance is marginally degraded. The analytical results have been verified by Monte-Carlo simulation.