• Hwankyungkyoyuk
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.112-137
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• 1993

As the concern with the creation of environmental problems and regulations about them becomes internationally growing, environmental cooperations with countries concerned are emerging as the first item on the political agenda. In case of South Korea, cooperations with countries in the Asian region is needed urgently. In particular, cooperations with North Korea will be an important factor to reunify the Korean peninsula as well as to solve environmental problems in South Korea. Accordingly, it is necessary to seek feasible alternatives and possibilities of coping with international environment in South and North Korea. This study is limited to literature study based on collecting materials and the testimony of former residents in North Korea. The period of study ranges from May to December in 1992. The research findings show the following environmental problems and alternatives : It is recognized in South Korea that the creation of environmental problems is product of economic development. Currently, the Korean government makes an effort to revise environmental administration and law, to encourage environmental education, and to proceed with environmental technology policies by establishing environmental policies together with economic development plans. North Korea ascribes the cause of environmental problems to colonial exploitation by Japan and the U.S. Environmental pollutants in North Korea is relatively less than South Korea, provisions such as environmental conservation movement, environmental education, and environmental administration and law are not well organized in the country. However, North korea will speed up its economic development to solve economic crises. Therefore, it is expected that industrial wastes, corrosion of nature, and water pollution will result in serious environmental problems. The fields expected to cooperate with South and North Korea are in the following : South Korea may adopt the model of the former East and West Germany and proceed to cooperate with North Korea in public sector as well as private sector. The possible programs are such as academic exchange to conserve environment, joint research in the area of the Demilitarized Zone, conservation of ecosystems around Imjin and Pukhan Rivers, South Korea's support of advanced environmental technology and industrial and financial aid to North Korea. Conflicts between countries concerned in the North East Asian region will be caused by the responsibilities of pollutions because of the seashore development of the Yellow Sea by South Korea and increasing seashore industrial complexes around the Yellow Sea in China, Therefore, it is desirable that the two countries will participate in organizations related to environment. Joint projects between South and North Korea will be as follows : 1. Construction of long-range monitoring system : 2. Investigation of the state of pollutions around the Yellow Sea and alternatives : 3. Construction of joint monitoring system to regulate the movement of pollutants : 4. Cooperation of environmental technology and exchange of information ; and 5. Support of Cooperation of environment in private sector. Efforts to cooperate with North korea is expected to overcome differences between the two countries as well as to encourage unification of the korean peninsula, which will lead to reducing the cost of environmental recovery. These efforts will also contribute to the maintenance for peace and stability on the korean peninsula as well as in the North East Asian region.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.119-142
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• 2011

Competitions for secure oil are intense around the world due to the limited oil reserves. The situations are becoming more serious as China has participated in the competition. This paper aims to investigate China's offshore oil development strategies to balance the supply and demand of oil and then suggest its policy implications. A surging increase of oil demand due to the rapid economic growth as well as the stagnation in domestic oil output has turned China into a net oil importer since 1993. Therefore, China has placed a significant priority on securing long-term stability of its offshore oil to cope with the rapid growing demand. It has taken a variety of strategies to secure stable oil resource such as development of offshore oil resource, increasing the number of oil importing countries. China with the highest foreign exchange reserve of approximately $3 trillion as of 2010, has considered to employ foreign exchange reserves while making a huge amount of investment to secure oil resource. China has pursued several policies such as loan to oil production country for securing oil, foreign direct investment on offshore oil development, M&A of oil exploration and production companies and geographical diversification of oil importing countries. China has promoted offensive strategies for securing oil resource rather than cooperation with other countries. Thus, China should find a trade-off point for recovering relationship with international society while developing and investing renewable energy for long-term future. It will also address some implications for Korea, which has to prepare new strategies of overseas oil development.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.331-337
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• 2009

This paper summarizes some of approaches that could be taken for data exchange in a non-interoperable work environment and reports lessons learned from the Dongdaemun Design Plaza and Park project. Today's widespread application of building information modeling (BIM) to the construction and architectural design industries requires a change in the cooperation between business organizations and their methods of communication. In particular, the interoperability of information between interdisciplinary organizations, which use specific programs for different purposes, has become a critical issue. More than just a technical problem, it is also highly related to an organization's collaboration culture and the particulars of a specific project. This paper describes the interoperability issue that occurred during the construction documentation phase of the irregularly shaped building project, Dongdaemun Design Plaza and Park, designed by Zaha Hadid Architects and Samoo Architects and Engineers, from the perspective of the technological problem and the collaborative organizations' communications. Although the perfect compatibility of information is not possible, this paper deals with a practical approach to the interoperability issue by examining the way the end-users of computer-aided design (CAD) resolved the interoperability problems in practice.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.9-20
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• 2015

Could blood type provide a key to wellness and even affect our personality? The theory that blood type is linked to personality (and other mental and physical qualities) is popular mainly in Japan, though it has carried over to Taiwan and South Korea. The present study is the result of a scientific research in which the relationship between two important variables, namely blood group a nd group participation, are determined in the research framework. Based on some collected data from manufacturing firms which are accepted firms in Tehran Stock Exchange, and through cluster sampling a sample was selected. 380 questionnaires were distributed to the personnel of production line, of the firms then the reliability and validity of the questionnaires through independence test and average ratio comparison of the two population were examined, and through Pearson's chi-square formula, the relationship between blood group (independent variable) and group participation (dependent variable) were tested, then through Schuprow coefficient, the prioritization of blood groups over group participation was identified and the following results were obtained: people group participation is affected by their personality features which is derived from their temperament, mood, and characteristics. The study also showed that people blood groups has an effect on their group cooperation, and among blood groups, blood group A has the greatest tendency to group participation and then blood group O, AB, B are prioritized respectively.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.10-15
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• 2009

With the development of techniques, robots are getting smaller, and the number of robots needed for application is greater and greater. How to coordinate large number of autonomous robots through local interactions has becoming an important research issue in robot community. Swarm Robot Systems (SRS) is a system that independent autonomous robots in the restricted environments infer their status from pre-assigned conditions and operate their jobs through the cooperation with each other. In the SRS, a robot contains sensor part to percept the situation around them, communication part to exchange information, and actuator part to do a work. Especially, in order to cooperate with other robots, communicating with other robots is one of the essential elements. Because Bluetooth has many advantages such as low power consumption, small size module package, and various standard protocols, it is rated as one of the efficient communicating technologies which can apply to small-sized robot system. In this paper, we will develop Bluetooth communicating system for autonomous robots. And we will discuss how to construct and what kind of procedure to develop the communicating system for group behavior of the SRS under intelligent space.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.1-20
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• 2000

Electronic Data Interchange(EDI) has the potential to improve business operations by expediting the exchange of business documents. It will also provide substantive operational and strategic benefits to the trading firms. However, the successful implementation of EDI systems requires the mutual trust and cooperation between the trading firms. The extent of EDI diffusion and performance depends on inter-organizational, intra-organizational, as well as innovation factors. Researches based on the sociopolitical process framework in the use of IT, organizational theory, resource dependence theory, and innovation diffusion theory have identified 3 inter-organizational variables(transaction climate, dependence, external IS expert support) and 4 intra-organizational variables(strategic IS planning, infrastructure, top management support, education/training,), and 3 innovation variables(compatibility, relative advantage, cost) that affect EDI diffusion. In this study, a multi-dimensional measure on EDI diffusion has been developed to capture the external and internal integration. Then, the influence of these 10 variables on the extent to which the EDI adopting firms pursue diffusion has been examined. Whether more diffusion leads to superior performance has also been studied. International trade managers from 107 firms in the trade industry participated in a field survey. The results based on a structural equation model(SEM), developed using AMOS, provide quite a strong support for the hypothesized relations. Both education/training and IT infrastructure influenced external and internal diffusion of EDI systems. Internal diffusion of EDI enables the adopting firms to improve operational and strategic performance, whereas external diffusion contributes only to operational performance.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.11-22
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• 2013

This paper is focused on practical research regarding costume design and arts management that make use of local resources and which are influenced by local culture of Tokuji in Yamaguchi-city, located in a mountainous area in Yamaguchi Prefecture in the western part of Honshu in Japan. We will examine possibilities in fashion design through this study. This was a practical research project, done with cooperation between the university and local industry, with priorities being assigned by the requests of residents of the Tokuji area. In 2011 the Aurinko, Tokuji, Talo (it means the Solar Tokuji Building in Finnish) was decided as the base of activities. Other functions were gradually added on, including a salon for people of the area to exchange ideas and workshops for group discussions. This paper will specifically be focused on the handmade paper peculiar to Tokuji and traditionally used as a material in fashion. The fashion designs developed by this researcher's laboratory were strongly influenced by these styles of paper. These costumes were made with a handmade paper called "Kamiko" in Japan, that is aesthetic sense has been historically cherished. This paper suggests that the affluence and depth of costume design may be expressed not only by directly borrowing from these influences, but also by borrowing the traditional aesthetic sense original to Japan. Thus this paper will examine industry and culture simultaneously, examining in particular the impact of arts management and costume design using handmade paper manufactured locally.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.17-21
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• 2007

Multi-Agent Robotic System (MARS) is a system that independent autonomous robots in the restricted environments infer their status from pre-assigned conditions and operate their jobs through the cooperation with each other. In the MARS, a robot contains sensor part to percept the situation around themselves, communication part to exchange information, and actuator part to do given work. Especially, in order to cooperate with other robots, communicating with other robots is one of the essential elements. Because Bluetooth has many advantages such as low power consumption, small size module package, and various standard protocols, Bluetooth is rated as one of the efficient communicating technologies which can apply to small-sized robot system. In this paper, we will develop Bluetooth communicating system for autonomous robots. For the purpose, the communication system must have several features-separated module, flexible interface. We will discuss how to construct and what kind of procedure to develop the communicating system.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.722-730
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• 2008

This paper proposes two novel algorithms enabling mobile robots to cooperate with each other in a reliability-based system and a time-critical system. In the reliability-based cooperative system, the concepts of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) and an object entropy are adopted in order to coordinate a specific task. A logical robot group is created based on the exchange of request and reply messages in a robot communication group whose organization depends on transmission range. In the time-critical cooperative system, relational entropy is used to define the relationship between mobile robots. A group leader is selected based on optimizing power consumption. The proposed algorithm has been verified based on the computer-based simulation and soccer robot experiment. The performance metrics are defined. The metrics include the number of messages needed to make a logical robot group and to obtain the relationship of robots and the power consumption to select a group leader. They are verified by simulation and experiment.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.931-937
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• 2021

Since the service organizations have been moving towards digitization across the world, there is a wide range of technological innovations that have been integrated within the service firms, especially in banking services. As such, Internet banking is one of the innovative services that have reshaped the traditional banking activities, particularly in Bangladesh. In line with this, the research is designed to examine the Internet banking adoption based on five variables: perceived usefulness, perceived ease-of-use, trust, social influence, and perceived enjoyment, and the study also explores differences among respondents on these study variables based on gender and academic disciplines. The study has selected university students as study samples as they are the prospective customers to use Internet banking. Sample size in the research is 300, and a well-designed questionnaire was distributed to collect data. SPSS is used for statistical analysis. The research used ANOVA test to capture any difference on variables based on gender and academic disciplines. The findings indicate that male students in business have more intention to adopt Internet banking and preference for ease-of-use than female students, and business students will be more favorably inclined to adopt Internet banking service than students in other academic disciplines.