• Journal of Arbitration Studies
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.75-101
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• 2024

"ESG management" guides companies to prioritize corporate social responsibility and sustainable development as key management objectives, going beyond mere financial performance pursuits. This approach involves creating a sustainable and robust supply chain by urging companies, acting as 'supply chain managers', to implement ESG management practices alongside their 'supply chain partners'. The domestic business community has been quick to respond to this trend, recognizing that failure to adhere to ESG standards set by organizations such as the EU and SEC could lead to severe repercussions, including exclusion from international trade and reputational damage. POSCO and NAVER, two leading Korean companies, are at the forefront of practicing ESG management effectively. They have both produced and publicly disclosed ESG management reports, showcasing their success in enhancing supply chain ESG management. However, as supply chain managers enforce ESG-related obligations on their suppliers, the likelihood of disputes between the parties may increase. In scenarios where supply chain ESG management leads to conflicts between supply chain managers and suppliers, commercial arbitration emerges as a viable solution for dispute resolution. This method offers several advantages, including the arbitrators' expertise, time and cost efficiency, the binding nature of decisions akin to a court's final judgment, international recognition under the New York Convention, confidentiality, and ample opportunity for parties to be heard. Our analysis focuses on the emerging disputes between supply chain managers and suppliers within the context of supply chain ESG management, particularly examining the cases of POSCO and NAVER. By categorizing the expected types of disputes and assessing the appropriateness of commercial arbitration for their resolution, we highlight the effectiveness of this approach. Furthermore, we propose leveraging the Korean Commercial Arbitration Board's role to enhance the use of arbitration in resolving supply chain ESG disputes, underscoring its potential as a strategic tool for maintaining sustainable and harmonious supply chain relationships.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.172-180
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• 2024

Since the beginning of 2015, corporate social responsibility (CSR) models have been changing in connection with the trend towards the transition of joint value creation of corporate activities and consideration of stakeholders' interests. The purpose of the academic paper lies in empirically studying the current practice of social responsibility of transnational corporations (TNCs). The research methodology has combined the method of qualitative analysis, the method of cases of agricultural holdings in emerging markets within the framework of resource theory, institutional theory and stakeholders' theory. The results show that the practice of CSR is integrated into the strategy of sustainable development of TNCs, which determine the methods, techniques and forms of communication, as well as areas of stakeholders' responsibility. The internal practice of CSR is aimed at developing norms and standards of moral behaviour with stakeholders in order to maximize economic and social goals. Economic goals are focused not only on making a profit, but also on minimizing costs due to the potential risks of corruption, fraud, conflict of interest. The system of corporate social responsibility of modern TNCs is clearly regulated by internal documents that define the list of interested parties and stakeholders, their areas of responsibility, greatly simplifying the processes of cooperation and responsibility. As a result, corporations form their own internal institutional environment. Ethical norms help to avoid the risks of opportunistic behaviour of personnel, conflicts of interest, cases of bribery, corruption, and fraud. The theoretical value of the research lies in supplementing the theory of CSR in the context of the importance of a complex, systematic approach to integrating the theory of resources, institutional theory, theory of stakeholders in the development of strategies for sustainable development of TNCs, the practice of corporate governance and social responsibility.

• Lingua Humanitatis
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• v.7
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• pp.93-122
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• 2005

China, the nation which reigns the society consisted of several ethnic groups, has been interested in universal virtues since its early eras, due to the social demand for their integration. Confucianism, therefore, traditionally has been executing this function as a transcendant world, and at present the Marxism takes its role instead. After its reformation and opening, the market economy was allowed to set in China, which means that the traditional ideology of integration comes to face the crisis occurred by new trend of the individualism which is gradually spreading. The people who make the policies and the intellectual people in China who noticed these phenomena, are trying to make measures to cope with this contradiction. Despite of their trials, they are destined to find nothing but powerlessness in front of the powerful marketing strategy of the commercialism which adroitly adapted to their measures. In this situation, the transcendant world to reach, which these people are appealing again is the totalitarian ideology that persistently has been maintained through history of China. The movie, Hero, is the one of these attempts. This paper offers you the analysis of this cultural agony of contemporary China.

• Korean Management Science Review
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.1-14
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• 1995

Recently Korean textile industry has been in the phase that requires its strategy change from the less-develped country style of the labor-intensive products to the developed country style of the technology-intensive products. It needs to make more efforts to develop the value-added products to meet the customer's various needs. In addition, development of technology, equipment, and design is required to implement its corporate strategy successfully. Although Korean textile companies have currently kept skillful labor and advanced equipments, they are losing their share in the international textile markets. This is mainly because corporate management has not been involved with efficient strategy. Strategy is an adoption of a company to environment by its corporate members, thus leading to the requirement of coordination of the main functions such as manufacturing and marketing. In fact, the coordination of the two departments toward reaching the corporate goal is not easy since the two are interested in different areas, respectively. Manufacturing people show their interests in production capacity, equipment layout, process technology, quality, purchasing, and labor while marketing people, target customer, product mix, advertisement, product specification, and customer service. For this reason, conflicts sometimes happen between the two departments. There are, however, many area that need a horizontal cooperation, for instance, in layout, process technology, product mix, and potential demand. Therefore, reciprocal coordination is necessary for achieving the firm's common objectives. This study was concerned with determining the factors that enhance the competitiveness of textile firms so that they could reach the common goal of the two departments with a horizontal collaboration.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.981-997
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• 2014

This study set out to examine the adaptation capabilities of husbands in multicultural families and further identify strengths to maintain a healthy multicultural family based on the grounded theory. For those objectives, the investigator had an ongoing interview with ten husbands that had a child in the setting of multicultural family and were judged to maintain a healthy family. Question analysis through the method of Strauss & Cobin and the abstraction and categorization process among similar concepts identified total 89 concepts, 24 subcategories, and 11 categories. In a paradigm model according to the axial coding results, the causal condition was "having an international marriage with the spouse"; the contextual conditions were "crisis in the development of multicultural family" and "general family conflicts"; the mediating condition was "positive self-rationalization"; and the central phenomena were "family-oriented value" and "cultural tolerance." The operation and interaction strategies for them were "forming communicative couple relationships," "cultivating cultural sensibility," and "utilizing unofficial external resources." The adaptation capabilities were "satisfaction with family life" and "pride in building a healthy multicultural family."

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.19-24
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• 2017

Purpose - There are several problems that organizations face to make a better team-based system such as free-rider issue, assigned difficult jobs unfairly and bickering between high performers and average performers. The purpose of this study is to provide solutions for practitioners through past academic studies on how organizations can resolve several issues in team management. Ultimately, it would lead to employees as better performers for organization's profitability and customers' satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology - Solution 1 - put employees who have a similar performance ability together into a same team and apply 'growth' approach for low performance team. Solution 2 - make a new evaluation system which is balanced between individual's performance and team's performance. Solution 3 - monitor thoroughly to diffuse difficult works equally among teams and develop management practice system that may prevent or resolve difficult work-loads for a team or an individual performer. Result - Investigation suggests that organizations may resolve three conflicts which come from team base system. Moreover, the implications of results show that the most important criteria in team management depend on whether performers have a similar ability in the same team and management handles issue of justice and the performance of each employee is evaluated by total team performance evaluation simultaneously. Conclusions - All in all, our recommendation concludes that if three issues are resolved, the lack of trust in team-based system among team members will be missed.

• International Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2011

This study aims to understand the experiences as consumers of Thai students studying in Korea. "Study Korea Project" which is a drive to globalize local universities by attracting more oversea students as a pull factor, and economic growth, values on education and Hallyu as push factors contribute to the increase the number of Thai students in Korea. In order to understand the experiences of Thai students as consumers studying in Korea, individual interviews were conducted. A total of 5 participants were asked about meaning of consumption in everyday life in Korea or any changes in consumption behavior compared to living in Thai. Three themes were identified through wholistic and selective approaches. First, all participants in the study said that they were surprised because of high living expense in Korea. Consequently, survival itself is too much for them and they have become more conscious of prices of goods. Secondly, since most participants in this study can control their own budget, they feel some degree of freedom and power of control of their own lives. This experience may help them to accomplish their developmental tasks during the transition to adulthood. Thirdly, they are easily imbued with Korean consumer culture. It causes various conflicts between buying and not-buying or friends gathering and saving money. Sometimes it makes them in stuck excessive consumption and financial problems. For a deeper understanding of oversea students' lives in Korea as consumers, further studies should take into consideration of not only their culture of origins, but also misconceptions that have accumulated around these students.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.56-69
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• 2005

There have been growing concerns about whether proper measures are in place to ensure the delivery of quality services and the operations in research and educational institutions. This paper describes various quality models and discusses their relevance into the total quality concepts and quality management systems (QMS) in education. It then illustrates how a QMS and the accompanied quality manual be developed in a research and educational institution using the Centre for Enterprise Research Integration (ERI) at The University of the West Indies, Trinidad as a case. Through personal interviews with the $Centre{\square}s$ personnel, views on the operations and determinants of the QMS were acquired. Results showed that the people's resistance to changes, conflicts on academic freedom, and difficulties on measuring performance were the obstacles to QMS implementation. People involvement and proper communication are determinants of QMS implementation. The system also rests on having a tailored quality manual that entails the documentation of processes and procedures for ascertaining the delivery of quality services and operations in the Centre. The development of quality manual is briefly described in the paper.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.51-61
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• 2020

This research investigates the consequences of the increase in corporate use of short-term debt in China over the past decades. Using a sample of Chinese firms from 2007 to 2018, we empirically explore the effect of corporate use of short-term debt for long-term investment (SFLI) on audit pricing. We first examine the relationship between SFLI and audit pricing for different groups of firms. Then, we investigate the role of the increase in short-term debt in alleviating principal-agent conflicts and reducing agency costs. We have four primary empirical findings. First, auditors tend to charge SFLI clients higher fees. Second, the negative relationship between SFLI and audit fee is found in private firms, firms audited by Chinese domestic auditors, and firms with higher information asymmetry. Third, the time auditors spent on SFLI clients is significantly more than that spent on non-SFLI clients, suggesting that the decrease in audit fee is not due to the decrease in cost. Fourth, SFLI significantly reduces the agency costs of the firm, which auditors regard as a low risk signal and grant an audit fee discount. Our findings suggest that the decrease in debt maturity, not only influences managerial behaviors, but also influences auditors' risk assessment and pricing decisions.

• Strategy21
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• s.36
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• pp.180-214
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• 2015

The Republic of Korea navy challenged from the unexpected surprise attacks by the North Korea navy, albeit, the developments of up-to-date naval forces' technology, and the ceaseless efforts for war preparedness. My study divided into two categories. Qualitative methods used for literature review of international relations theory related to the war onset and for investigating events occurred on the Peninsula and its surrounding seas from 1968 to 2007. Quantitative method used such as the analyses of national power index of the two Koreas, the United States, and China, the uses of equation model to calculate power index of alliance, COPDAB(Conflict and Peace Data Bank) index analysis. Like Choi's study on East Asia maritime conflict, as a conclusion, considering both AT theory and maritime national power as a tool for predicting maritime conflict in the Peninsula proved significant. Based on the study, ROK navy need to prepare for the maritime conflict because the results showed North Korea would initiate maritime disputes sooner or later using fatal asymmetric forces and methods. As a policy suggestion, we are required to maintain a concrete ROK-US alliance ties and to construct naval forces due to the deterring functions of maritime national power.